Searches for electron antineutrino, muon neutrino, and muon antineutrino disappearance driven by sterile neutrino mixing have been carried out by the Daya Bay and MINOS+ collaborations. This Letter presents the combined results of these searches, along with exclusion results from the Bugey-3 reactor experiment, framed in a minimally extended four-neutrino scenario. Significantly improved constraints on the $\theta_{\mu e}$ mixing angle are derived that constitute the most stringent limits to date over five orders of magnitude in the sterile mass-squared splitting $\Delta m^2_{41}$, excluding the 90% C.L. sterile-neutrino parameter space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE observations at 90% CL$_s$ for $\Delta m^2_{41}<5\,$eV$^2$.Furthermore, the LSND and MiniBooNE 99% C.L. allowed regions are excluded at 99% CL$_s$ for $\Delta m^2_{41}$ $<$ 1.2 eV$^2$.
We report the final measurement of the neutrino oscillation parameters Δm_{32}^{2} and sin^{2}θ_{23} using all data from the MINOS and MINOS+ experiments. These data were collected using a total exposure of 23.76×10^{20} protons on target producing ν_{μ} and ν[over ¯]_{μ} beams and 60.75 kt yr exposure to atmospheric neutrinos. The measurement of the disappearance of ν_{μ} and the appearance of ν_{e} events between the Near and Far detectors yields |Δm_{32}^{2}|=2.40_{-0.09}^{+0.08}(2.45_{-0.08}^{+0.07})×10^{-3} eV^{2} and sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.43_{-0.04}^{+0.20}(0.42_{-0.03}^{+0.07}) at 68% C.L. for normal (inverted) hierarchy.
A search for mixing between active neutrinos and light sterile neutrinos has been performed by looking for muon neutrino disappearance in two detectors at baselines of 1.04 and 735 km, using a combined MINOS and MINOS+ exposure of 16.36×10^{20} protons on target. A simultaneous fit to the charged-current muon neutrino and neutral-current neutrino energy spectra in the two detectors yields no evidence for sterile neutrino mixing using a 3+1 model. The most stringent limit to date is set on the mixing parameter sin^{2}θ_{24} for most values of the sterile neutrino mass splitting Δm_{41}^{2}>10^{-4} eV^{2}.
We report new constraints on flavor-changing nonstandard neutrino interactions from the MINOS long-baseline experiment using nu(e) and (nu) over bar (e) appearance candidate events from predominantly nu(mu) and (nu) over bar (mu) beams. We used a statistical selection algorithm to separate nu(e) candidates from background events, enabling an analysis of the combined MINOS neutrino and antineutrino data. We observe no deviations from standard neutrino mixing, and thus place constraints on the nonstandard interaction matter effect, vertical bar epsilon(e tau)vertical bar, and phase, (delta(CP) + delta(e tau)), using a 30-bin likelihood fit.
Three-flavour neutrino oscillations have successfully explained a wide range of neutrino oscillation data. However, anomalous results, such as the electron antineutrino appearance excesses seen by LSND and MiniBooNE, can be explained by the addition of a sterile neutrino at a larger mass scale than the existing three neutrino mass states. MINOS is a two-detector, long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment optimized to measure muon neutrino disappearance in the NuMI neutrino beam. MINOS+ is the continuation of the MINOS experiment with the NuMI beam in a medium energy configuration. In the model with one sterile neutrino flavor added to the three active neutrino flavors, a sterile neutrino causing electron antineutrino appearance at LSND and MiniBooNE would also cause muon neutrino disappearance at MINOS. The sterile neutrino signature would be seen as modulations at high energy in the charged-current muon neutrino spectrum and a depletion of events in the neutral current spectrum. These proceedings show new results from fitting neutral-current and charged-current energy spectra from MINOS and MINOS+ data to a neutrino oscillation model assuming one sterile neutrino.
The charge ratio, R-mu = N mu+/N mu-, for cosmogenic multiple-muon events observed at an underground depth of 2070 mwe has been measured using the magnetized MINOS Far Detector. The multiple-muon events, recorded nearly continuously from August 2003 until April 2012, comprise two independent data sets imaged with opposite magnetic field polarities, the comparison of which allows the systematic uncertainties of the measurement to be minimized. The multiple-muon charge ratio is determined to be R mu = 1.104 +/- 0.006(stat)(-0.010)(+0.009) (syst). This measurement complements previous determinations of single-muon and multiple-muon charge ratios at underground sites and serves to constrain models of cosmic-ray interactions at TeV energies.
Forward single pi(0) production by coherent neutral-current interactions, vA -> vA pi(0), is investigated using a 2.8 x 10(20) protons-on-target exposure of the MINOS Near Detector. For single-shower topologies, the event distribution in production angle exhibits a clear excess above the estimated background at very forward angles for visible energy in the range 1-8 GeV. Cross sections are obtained for the detector medium comprised of 80% iron and 20% carbon nuclei with (A) = 48, the highest-< A > target used to date in the study of this coherent reaction. The total cross section for coherent neutral-current single pi(0) production initiated by the v(mu) flux of the NuMI low-energy beam with mean (mode) E-v of 4.9 GeV (3.0 GeV), is 77.6 +/- 5.0 (stat)(-) (+15.0)(16.8) (syst) x 10(-40) cm(2) pernucleus. The results are in good agreement with predictions of the Berger-Sehgal model.
Searches for a light sterile neutrino have been performed independently by the MINOS and the Daya Bay experiments using the muon (anti)neutrino and electron antineutrino disappearance channels, respectively. In this Letter, results from both experiments are combined with those from the Bugey-3 reactor neutrino experiment to constrain oscillations into light sterile neutrinos. The three experiments are sensitive to complementary regions of parameter space, enabling the combined analysis to probe regions allowed by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) and MiniBooNE experiments in a minimally extended four-neutrino flavor framework. Stringent limits on sin^{2}2θ_{μe} are set over 6 orders of magnitude in the sterile mass-squared splitting Δm_{41}^{2}. The sterile-neutrino mixing phase space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE experiments is excluded for Δm_{41}^{2}<0.8 eV^{2} at 95% CL_{s}.
We report new constraints on the size of large extra dimensions from data collected by the MINOS experiment between 2005 and 2012. Our analysis employs a model in which sterile neutrinos arise as Kaluza-Klein states in large extra dimensions and thus modify the neutrino oscillation probabilities due to mixing between active and sterile neutrino states. Using Fermilab's NuMI beam exposure of $10.56 \times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target, we combine muon neutrino charged current and neutral current data sets from the Near and Far Detectors and observe no evidence for deviations from standard three-flavor neutrino oscillations. The ratios of reconstructed energy spectra in the two detectors constrain the size of large extra dimensions to be smaller than $0.45\,\mu\text{m}$ at 90% C.L. in the limit of a vanishing lightest active neutrino mass. Stronger limits are obtained for non-vanishing masses.
We report results of a search for oscillations involving a light sterile neutrino over distances of 1.04 and 735 km in a ν_{μ}-dominated beam with a peak energy of 3 GeV. The data, from an exposure of 10.56×10^{20} protons on target, are analyzed using a phenomenological model with one sterile neutrino. We constrain the mixing parameters θ_{24} and Δm_{41}^{2} and set limits on parameters of the four-dimensional Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix, |U_{μ4}|^{2} and |U_{τ4}|^{2}, under the assumption that mixing between ν_{e} and ν_{s} is negligible (|U_{e4}|^{2}=0). No evidence for ν_{μ}→ν_{s} transitions is found and we set a world-leading limit on θ_{24} for values of Δm_{41}^{2}≲1 eV^{2}.
Forward single ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ production by coherent neutral-current interactions, $\ensuremath{\nu}\mathcal{A}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\nu}\mathcal{A}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, is investigated using a $2.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{20}$ protons-on-target exposure of the MINOS Near Detector. For single-shower topologies, the event distribution in production angle exhibits a clear excess above the estimated background at very forward angles for visible energy in the range 1--8 GeV. Cross sections are obtained for the detector medium comprised of 80% iron and 20% carbon nuclei with $⟨\mathcal{A}⟩=48$, the highest-$⟨\mathcal{A}⟩$ target used to date in the study of this coherent reaction. The total cross section for coherent neutral-current single ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ production initiated by the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ flux of the NuMI low-energy beam with mean (mode) ${E}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}$ of 4.9 GeV (3.0 GeV), is $77.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.0(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}16.8}^{+15.0}(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}40}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}\text{ }\mathrm{per}\mathrm{nucleus}$. The results are in good agreement with predictions of the Berger-Sehgal model.
Data from the MINOS experiment has been used to search for mixing between muon neutrinos and muon antineutrinos using a time-independent Lorentz-violating formalism derived from the Standard-Model Extension (SME). MINOS is uniquely capable of searching for muon neutrino-antineutrino mixing given its long baseline and ability to distinguish between neutrinos and antineutrinos on an event-by-event basis. Neutrino and antineutrino interactions were observed in the MINOS Near and Far Detectors from an exposure of 10.56×10^20 protons-on-target from the NuMI neutrino-optimized beam. No evidence was found for such transitions and new, highly stringent limits were placed on the SME coefficients governing them. We place the first limits on the SME parameters (c_L)^TT_μμ and (c_L)^TT_ττ at -8.4×10^-23 < (c_L)^TT_μμ < 8.0×10^-23 and -8.0×10^-23 < (c_L)^TT_ττ < 8.4×10^-23, and the world's best limits on the g̃^ZT_μμ and g̃^ZT_ττ parameters at |g̃^ZT_μμ| < 3.3× 10^-23 and |g̃^ZT_ττ| < 3.3× 10^-23, all limits quoted at 3σ.
The ''depth - vertical muon intensity'' relation measured with the LVD in the Gran Sasso Laboratory is fitted by the calculated distributions to derive the power index of pion and kaon energy spectrum in the atmosphere. The simulation of the muon transport through the Gran Sasso rock is performed and the muon survival probabilities are used to calculate the muon intensities. The simulation procedure is described and the results of the analysis are presented.
We report on the operational experience of the LVD experiment. The detector is of modular design and we have experience of first operating with one tower and then operating with two towers. The third tower is under construction and the plan is to complete five LVD towers. We will report on the live time of the experiment and on the reliability of the various components. We will describe the various off-line quality monitoring of the data.
We report data taken by the LVD Experiment during a period of 245 days. Our measured dE/dx distribution for a block of liquid scintillator 1 x 1 x 1.5 meters(3) agrees with a Landau distribution within 7.6%. Assuming a uniform flux distribution of Weakly Interacting Fractionally Charged Particles coming from the atmosphere, the upper limit of their flux at the LVD site is 4.4 x 10(-14) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1).
This is a progress report on the multiple muon events recorded by the first tower of the LVD detector at the Gran Sasso Laboratory. About 17,000 multiple muon events have been observed since the LVD first tower started operation in June 1992. Presented here are the measured multiplicity distribution and separation distribution of muon pairs in the bundles.
The first angular distribution data from 5547 hours of operation of the LVD detector are presented. A total of 452,630 single muons were reconstructed for this period. We present, for the first time from Gran Sasso Laboratory, data at near-horizontal zenith angles.
The first angular distribution data from 5547 hours of operation of the LVD detector are presented. The technique of track reconstruction is described. A total of 452 657 single muons were reconstructed for this period. The data are acceptance corrected in our final plots. The total single muon flux (the total flux from above impinging on a sphere of unit cross sectional area) in the Gran Sasso Laboratory is 1.03 muons per hour per square meter. The total flux crossing a unit horizontal area from above is 0.79 muons per hour per square meter. The acceptance-corrected intensity at cos θ = 1 is 0.349 muons per hour per square meter per steradian (9.7× l0−9 muons per second per square centimeter per steradian). We present, for the first time from Gran Sasso Laboratory, data at near-horizontal zenith angles.
EAS-TOP (at the surface) and LVD (deep underground) provide a telescope for a multicomponent study of Extensive Air Showers (EAS). Examples of different classes of events observed in coincidence and their physical significance are presented and discussed.