Natural product is a chemical substance produced by a living organism and can also be prepared by chemical synthesis and have been the most successful source for drug discovery. This has also been extended for commercial purposes to cosmetics, dietary supplements, and foods produced from natural sources. Mangifera indica: commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant, family Anacardiaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent, where it is indigenous and cultivated varieties have been introduced to other warm regions of the world. Mango leaves contain high levels of phenolic compounds, such as mangiferin which have multiple antioxidant and pharmaceutical properties and great potential in nutraceutical, cosmetic and food applications. In this study we want to report the content of Mangiferin in young and matured leaves of Mangifera indica, isolation and characterization by spectroscopic techniques like 1H & 13C NMR, FT-IR and Mass spectroscopy.

Embelin is one of the primary compounds present in the Embelia ribes fruit. Embelin has a broader pharmacological activity such as Anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and many more. The ultimate aim of the study is to ensure the impact of reduced embelin in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Embelin was isolated and modified by the reduction method, and the Modified Embelin derivative (MED) 3-Undecylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,2,4,5-tetraol was analysed through FT-IR, NMR, and Mass Spectroscopic techniques. MED was docked against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) amyloid beta (Aβ) receptors PDB ID: 1EVE & 1B68, respectively. The docking scores remain similar to that of positive standards galantamine and Donepezil.

Moringa Oleifera(MO), a plant belongs to the family of Moringaceae which has numerous bioactive components, including vitamins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, isothiocyanates, tannins and saponins, which are present in significant amounts. MO leaves are the most widely studied and they have shown to be beneficial in several chronic conditions, including hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, diabetes, insulin resistance, non-alcoholic liver disease, cancer and overall inflammation. The roots, bark, gum, leaf, fruit (pods), flowers, seed and seed oil ofMOare reported to have various biological activities. The scope of the present work is to isolate some chemical constituents and characterize them by spectroscopic techniques like 1H & 13C NMR, FT-IR, Mass and HPLC analysis.

Ethanol extract of Elettaria cardamomum (E. cardamomum) of varying concentration ranging from 50 to 250 ppm was examined for its inhibition effect on mild steel corrosion in 3.5% NaCl medium. The corrosion rate and corrosion inhibition efficiency (IE) was investigated for about 1 and 7 days by weight loss method. The experimental results showed increase in IE with increase in concentration and decreased with the increase of immersion period, 73.5% maximum IE reached for 1 day and reduced to 54.1% for 7 days in the presence of 250 ppm E. cardamomum extract. IE was attributed due to adsorption of inhibitor on metal surface. Thermodynamic analysis indicates the adsorption to be a physisorption obeying Langmuir isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization tests indicated that E.cardamomum extract acted as a cathodic inhibitor. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that the corrosion inhibition process is governed by charge transfer resistance (Rct). The surface morphology of the inhibited and uninhibited mild steel specimen was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Herbal medicine has been used for the prevention and treatment of various health ailments from time immemorial. Embelia Ribes fruits contain several chemical constituents like Embelin, volatile oil, fixed oil, resin, tannin, Christem Bine (Alkaloid) and phenolic acids like Caffeic acid etc. In the present work, Embelin (2, 5-dihydroxy-3- undecyl-p-benzoquinone), is one of the active chemical constituents which is present in the Embelia ribes fruits with known activities was extracted using chloroform solvents and isolated through column chromatography techniques. An Embelin-Fe complex was generated using the isolated Embelin. The synthetic method employed for generating the Embelin-Fe complex was simple and room temperature based. The generated complex is expected to have applications including increased bio activity, as well as possible catalytic potential.

Organic nonlinear optical material; Piperazinium Suberate monohydrate (PZSB) C8H12O42-.C4H12N22+.H2O were synthesized from aqueous solution and good quality single crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The PZSB crystallizes in triclinic system with P1 space group. FTIR spectral analysis revealed the functional group present in grown crystal. The UV–visible transmission studies ascertained the lower cut-off wavelength and band gap energy of PZSB crystal. Photoluminescence spectrum of the crystal was employed to reveal the emission properties. The dielectric property was endowed as a function of frequency and temperature. The third-order nonlinear optical properties like refractive index (n2), absorption coefficient (β) and susceptibility (χ3) were evaluated by Z-scan technique.

Isoquinoliniumchlorochromate (IQCC) is a mild oxidant for effective conversion of primary and secondary alcohols to corresponding aldehydes and ketones.

Lupeol, a triterpenoid of biological significance is present in the aloe vera leaf. Aloe vera extracts are frequently used in the field of ayurvedic medicine and cosmetics. It contains 75 potentially active constituents: vitamins, enzymes, minerals, sugars, lignin, saponins, salicylic acids and amino acids. Lupeol is one of the active phytoconstituents with known anesthetic and anti-microbial properties. Literature indicates that modified products of this compound showed a marked increase in the bioactivity compared to parent compound. The present study involves semi-synthetic modification of Lupeol which was isolated from the aloe vera leaf extract using conventional column chromatography techniques. It is to be expected that introducing nitrogen group to the olefinic bond at C-20 will enhance the bioactivity of Lupeol. The modified compound was characterized by spectroscopic techniques like Mass and IR.

An analysis of extraction method using different solvents for efficient obtention of bioactive compounds from plant sources is very important because there is a large demand for these compounds in the food, pharmaceutical and other allied industries. Mangiferin, a phenolic compound, present in large proportion in mango leaves and is endow to have exceptional antioxidant property apart from demonstrating remarkable prospective demand in nutraceutical, cosmetic and food industries. In the present investigation, the extraction by solvent modus operandi was followed to extract the mangiferin compound from mango leaves. The effect of solvent type, age of leaf, time of extraction (1-6 h) and extraction temperature (40-70 degrees C) on the recovery of mangiferin were investigated. It was inferred that the yield of mangiferin from young leaves and old leaves were 22.28% and 10.74% respectively at the optimum condition. The extraction efficiency of four solvents ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and hexane were evaluated. The extraction method using ethanol as solvent was considered to be productive because significant quantity of desired compound was obtained. This can be attributed to the polar characteristic of the extracting agent. The optimized extraction time, temperature and sample mass to solvent volume ratio for maximum mangiferin extraction were found to be 6 h, 70 degrees C and 1:15 respectively. The rate of extraction was analyzed using first and second order kinetic model and the parameters were evaluated using linear regression technique. The extraction process rate constant and temperature were linearly related with an activation energy factor 20.25 kJ/mol. Thermodynamic factors which include activation enthalpy (Delta H*) and activation Gibb's free energy (Delta G*) were evaluated and it was concluded that the process is endothermic and non-spontaneous in identity. The intra particle diffusion coefficient was estimated using Wilke Chang model. The result concluded that the diffusion coefficient of active component is directly proportional to temperature. The applicability of Peleg model and logarithmic model to narrate the kinetics of the solid-liquid extraction process were tested. Based on the significance of the statistical parameters, it can be ascertained that Peleg model has a fine agreement with the experimental values. The regression coefficient was found to be high in Peleg model (R-2 = 0.9923) with least Root Mean Squared Deviation RMSD value of 0.0135 confirms the applicability of this model.

Investigations have been carried out to study the ferromagnetic properties of Gadolinium (Gd) Carbon (C) co-doped wurtzite Gallium Nitride (GaN) using full-potential linear augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within the density functional theory. The system shows half-metallic nature when single Gd is substituted in Ga36N36 supercell. The presence of carbon in GaN supercell is found to generate weak magnetic moment (Ms) in the neighbouring atoms. When Carbon is codoped in the Gd-GaN, it increased the total magnetic moment of the system (Mtot). The cause of ferromagnetism in the Gd and C co-doped GaN has been explained by Zener's p-d exchange mechanism. The role of defects in the magnetic property of this system is also investigated. The results indicate the gallium vacancy influences the magnetic moment of the Gd and C codoped GaN more than the nitrogen vacancy. The presence of holes is effective than electrons in achieving the ferromagnetism in the considered system.

Nanotechnology is an emerging field in science and technology, which can be applied to synthesize new materials at the nanoscale level. The present investigation aimed at comparing the synthesis, characterization and in vitro anticancer efficacy of synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles using leaves extract of Bauhinia tomentosa Linn. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized using aqueous extract of leaves with solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3, 1 mM) and chloroauric acid (HAuCl4⋅3H2O, 1 mM), respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and cyclic voltammetry, which confirmed the reduction of Ag+ ions to Ag0 and Au3+ ions to Au 0 . The in vitro anticancer efficacy of AgNPs, AuNPs and aqueous extract of leaves confirmed by MTT assay exhibited IC50 concentrations of 28.125, 46.875 and 50 μg ml−1 for lung A-549 cells, 103.125, 34.375 and 53.125 μg ml−1 for HEp-2 cells and 62.5, 23.4 and 13.26 μg ml−1 for MCF-7 cells, respectively. The concentrations indicate that both silver and gold nanoparticles as well as aqueous extract of leaves exhibited high anticancer efficacy.

The present investigation is focused on the study of chemical composition of a bioactive compound derived from a rumen isolate Paracoccus pantotrophus FMR19 using GC–MS and to find out the antibacterial activity of the extracted crude bioactive compounds against multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) and other clinical pathogens. GC–MS analysis revealed that P. pantotrophus FMR19 produced eight major compounds that have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial property. The main components identified from hexane fraction are long chain alkanes, fatty alcohols, fatty acid methyl ester and aromatic hydrocarbons. These molecules are not only active against clinical pathogens such as Salmonella sp. and Proteus sp. and also effective against MDROs such as Metallo β lactamase and Pan drug resistant bacterial strains and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Co2FeSi thin films were deposited on GaAs (100), MgO (001) and Si (111) substrates using ultra high vacuum DC magnetron sputtering by varying the substrate temperature. Structural and magnetic properties were examined for all the films. The results showed that at higher value of substrate temperature exhibits L21 ordering of Co2FeSi. Re-entrant ferromagnetism and spin glass behavior was observed for Co2FeSi/Si and Co2FeSi/GaAs. From the overall temperature dependent magnetic measurements, the Co2FeSi/MgO exhibit good thermal stability, high saturation magnetization and low coercivity.

Polymer supported N-bromoacetamide resin can be easily prepared by the bromination of the acetamide resin and can be used for the transformation of furan ring in tetranortriterpenoids to butryolactone with excellent selectivity and in good yield in shorter time under microwave irradiation condition.

A large number of Heusler compounds have been discovered and their properties have been investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Among all the discovered Heusler compounds, Co2FeSi is focused for spintronic applications due to its high magnetic moment and high Curie temperature. In this aspect, the electronic structure, magnetic and thermoelectric properties of full Heusler alloy Co2−xFe1+xSi (x=0–1) have been investigated by using first principle, Full Potential Linear Augmented Plane Wave method. The density of states calculation shows half-metallicity at x=0 and 0.25 (i.e. Co2FeSi and Co1.75Fe1.25Si). The calculated magnetic moments were compared with experimental values measured at 4K and also with the magnetic moments calculated by Slater–Pauling rule. The thermoelectric properties of Co2FeSi and Fe2CoSi were also calculated over a wide range of temperatures and it was found that Fe2CoSi shows higher figure of merit than Co2FeSi.

Nanotechnology can be applied to solve many problems in the field of telecommunications, biotechnology, microelectronics, textiles, energy, etc. The present investigation deals with the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using Bauhinia tomentosa Linn (Kanchini) leaves extract and its invitro anticancer potential. Aqueous extract was reacted with 1mM of Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) and the change in color from pale yellow to reddish brown indicated the reduction of Ag+ ions to Ag0. The synthesized AgNP's were characterized using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, FTIR, FESEM-EDAX, HR-TEM and XRD. The scavenging effect was determined using DPPH with Ascorbic acid as standard. The in-vitro anticancer activity of the extract and AgNP's was confirmed by MTT assay on the cell lines of lung A-549 carcinoma cells.

First principle calculations on the magnetic properties and spin polarization of the B2 disordered Co 2 FeSi full Heusler alloy have been carried out along with that of ordered L2 1 structure. The linear augmented plane wave method, within the LDA+U approximation, gives the magnetic moment value as predicted by Slater-Pauling rule. A small band gap in the minority band structure around the vicinity of the Fermi level results in half-metallicity or 100 % spin polarization in L2 1 ordered structure. The calculations also showed that the half-metallicity vanishes at moderate percentages of B2 disorders due to creation of new states around the Fermi level in the minority DOS but at low and high levels of disorder, the half-metallicity was retained. The variation in the magnetic moments of Co 2 FeSi with change in the % disorder was attributed to the changes in the local magnetic moments of Co, Fe, and Si atoms which vary with change in % disorder.

Metal nanoparticles have several applications such as optics, biomedical sciences, drug delivery, catalysis and electronics. The present investigation deals with the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) using leaves extract of Bauhinia tomentosa Linn and its invitro anticancer activity. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the leaves extract showed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, proteins, steroids and quinones. Aqueous extract (pH 7.4 inherent pH of the extract) was reacted with 1mM Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4.3H2O) and kept at room temperature. The immediate change in color from pale yellow to ruby red indicated the reduction of Au ions to Au. The synthesized AuNP’s were monitored using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Gold Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) occurred at 563 nm and steadily increased in intensity with longer duration of incubation time without shift in wavelength. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of reducing groups in the extract responsible for AuNP synthesis. FESEM analysis showed the presence of polydispersed spherical AuNP’s. EDAX confirmed the presence of elemental gold. HR-TEM showed that the gold nanoparticles were near spherical with average diameter 31.32 nm. The XRD peaks at 38.04, 44.12, 64.52, 77.49 and 81.53 corresponding to [111], [200], [220], [311] and [222] showed that the AuNP’s were nanocrystalline with fcc crystal structure. The in-vitro anticancer activity confirmed by MTT assay on the cell lines of laryngeal HEp-2 carcinoma cells showed IC50 values of extract at 53.125 μg/mL and AuNP’s at 34.375 μg/mL.

In the crystal structure of the title salt, C6H8N+·C7H5O3−, the anions and cations are linked by classical N—H...O hydrogen bonds. The anions are connected by pairs of C—H...O hydrogen bonds into inversion dimers and further linked by classical O—H...O hydrogen bonds. Weak π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.740 (3) and 3.855 (3) Å] also occur. The dihedral angle between the CO2− group and the benzene ring to which it is attached is 20.95 (8)°.

the title salt, C8H12N (+)center dot C7H5O3-, the cation is disordered over two orientations with site occupancies of 0.565 (7) and 0.435 (7). In the anion, the carboxylate group makes the dihedral angle of 4.19 (18)degrees with the benzene ring. In the crystal, the ions are connected by N-H center dot center dot center dot O and O-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.