Background HIV-infected patients have a higher cardiovascular risk (CVR) than the general population. However, there are not specific preventive interventions for lifestyle modification for this population group. In addition, those treated with protease inhibitors (PIs) may also present dyslipidaemia and require a lipid-lowering-therapy with statins. Purpose To evaluate which factors linked to cardiovascular disease are independently associated with achieving target lipid levels (TLL) (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <80 mg/ml). As a secondary objective, to compare the results of cardiovascular disease risk evaluation using two different CVR equations. Material and methods Prospective observational study performed in a tertiary university hospital from January to September 2017. Inclusion criteria: HIV-patients over 40 years' old treated with PIs (atazanavir/darunavir) and for those taking statins, with a prior time of treatment of at least 6 months. Data collected: demographic, CVR factors (diet, exercise, alcohol, stress, smoking, diabetes, hypertension), clinical data (blood pressure, lipid profile, CD4 count,% patients with undetectable viral load (CV-IDL), treatment (PIs, statins, other lipid-lowering-drugs (LLD), and potential drug-interactions (DI)). Statistics: categorical variables, n(%); quantitative variables, mean ±SD. Patients with and without TLL were compared. A binary logistic regression to identify factors independently associated with achieving TLL was used. For RCV calculation, the REGICOR and the calculator of the American Society of Cardiology (ASCVD) were used. Results One hundred and twenty-one patients included: 99 (81.8%) with darunavir and 22 (18.2%) atazanavir. Age: 53.2 (9.2) years; 91% (75.2) males. Clinical data: cholesterol (mg/dl): total: 188.7 (40.0), LDL-cholesterol:119. 0 (32.1), HDL-cholesterol: 47.1 (14.9); triglycerides: 159.0 (105.2); CD4 (cells/µL): 722.6 (350.4);% CV-IDL: 104 (86). Treatment data: statins: 32 (26.4); other LLD: 9 (7.4); potential DI: 32 (26.4); severe DI: 3 (2.5). Multivariate analysis: factors independently associated with LTT: diet adherence (OR 2.398 (95% CI: 1038 to 5.541); p=0.038). Patients classified with high CVR: REGICOR: 7 (5.8%) and ASCVD: 59 (48.8%). Conclusion Adherence to diet was the only factor associated with the achievement of the target lipid levels, which highlights the need to carry out diet education within pharmaceutical care. A discrepancy in the estimation of CVR between the different scales was observed. The ASCVD scale classified a greater percentage of patients as having high CVR than the REGICOR. No conflict of interest

Background Hepatitis C treatment (HCVt) with peg-interferon and ribavirin is limited by haematological side-effects. Haematopoietic growth factors (HGF) allow to maintain standard antiviral doses in order to achieve sustained virological response in hepatitis C (HCV) infected patients. Purpose To evaluate if HIV/HCV co-infected patients need HGF earlier than non-coinfected during HCVt. Clinical and haematological characteristics of HCV-infected-patients receiving HGF were compared between HIV+ vs HIV-. Materials and methods Retrospective study in a third level hospital including all patients on HCVt that needed HGF between January 2008 and February 2011. Data: HIV-co-infection, age, gender, HCV-genotype, HCVt, haematological parameters, HGF. Statistical analyses: χ2 and Fischer exact test for dichotomic variables and t-student and ‘U’ Mann-Whitney tests for continuous variables. Results 132 patients. 33(25%) HIV+. Characteristics HIV± versus HIV-: ▶Age: 50.3± 7.6 versus 52± 11.1 p=0.412 ▶Male: 26(78.8%) versus 58(58.6%) p=0.039 ▶Genotype(G): G1: 17(51.5%) versus 66(66.7%), G2: 2(6.1%) versus 2(2%), G3: 10(30.3%) versus 18(18.2%), G4: 4(12.1%) versus 10(10.1%), non-typeable: 0(0%) versus 3(3%). ▶All patients received ribavirin. All HIV+ received peg-interferon α2a. HIV- received 88(88.9%) peg-interferon α2a and 11(11.1%) peg-interferon α2b. Patients on HGF (HIV± vs HIV-). Erythropoietin: 26(78.8%) versus 78(78.8%). Filgrastim: 15(45.5%) versus 33(33.3%). Both: 8(24.2%) versus 12(12.1%). Days until erythropoietin initiation 76(32-124) versus 103(57-192) (p= 0.15). Days until filgrastim initiation 92(58-124) versus 97(48-224) (p= 0.72) Conclusions HIV/HCV co-infected patients did not initiate HGF earlier than non-co-infected, although a tendency to a shorter period of time until starting erythropoietin was observed. A greater percentage of HIV+ seemed to need the use of both, erythropoietin and filgrastim, although it was not significant. Haematological parameters at the beginning of HCVt and HGF were similar in both groups.