Reviewed by: An Ordinary Future: Margaret Mead, the Problem of Disability, and a Child Born Different by Thomas Pearson Rayna Rapp Thomas Pearson. An Ordinary Future: Margaret Mead, the Problem of Disability, and a Child Born Different. University of California Press, 2023. 222 pp. The future to which Thomas Pearson speaks in An Ordinary Future: Margaret Mead, the Problem of Disability, and a Child Born Different (2023) belongs to his daughter Micaela. As a child with Down Syndrome, she lives in a loving, active family, attends local public schools, and has an "ordinary" life, deeply entangled, as kids frequently are, with her siblings, kin, and neighbors. Throughout the book, Pearson compares his daughter's experiences to those of Neil Erikson, the fourth offspring of the famous child psychologist, Eric Erikson, born seventy years earlier, who was institutionalized immediately, living and dying outside of his family and community. Margaret Mead, a good friend of Erikson's, counseled him to accept the doctors' advice as soon as they diagnosed the newborn, telling all family members that their son had died at birth. As Pearson puts it, "Though they share that extra chromosome, Neil Erikson and my daughter were born into very different worlds" (21). And it is the continuous comparison of those worlds as they implicate anthropology specifically, as well as public prejudice and eugenic thinking more generally, that Pearson skillfully weaves together throughout this book. At once a contribution to the history of anthropology, the anthropology of North America, questions of reflexive scholarship, and disability studies, An Ordinary Future belongs in the teaching library for both advanced undergraduate and graduate students. In six chapters and an epilogue, Pearson weaves together his own story as Micaela's father and an anthropologist with that of Margaret Mead, [End Page 429] analyzing the many forces that reshaped attitudes and practices around children (and adults) with intellectual/developmental disability (I/DD) over the course of the second half of the 20th century in the U.S. and many other countries. Among those chapters, Pearson highlights the problematic nature of medico-legal diagnostic categories such as "Mongoloid," which later became glossed with the general term, "mental retardation," and more recently morphed into Intellectual/Developmental Disability (I/DD). He also traces the rise and decline of institutions to segregate and contain those living under these diagnoses in the U.S. and the role of families in mobilizing to take their members with I/DD home, fighting to secure community-based resources for them. These threads run throughout Pearson's narrative. So, too, does the flawed legacy of anthropological theory and practice: for example, Boasian-influenced anthropologists radically interrogated evolutionary racialization in their early 20th-century research and writing, both academic and popular, showing how various small-scale, tribal cultures, waves of immigrant communities, and ordinary mainstream (read: middle-class) Americans all had common goals as culture bearers around the world and at home. Yet "disability" was left as a naturalized category of inferiority, an uninterrogated label that was used to describe and inscribe those who could not participate fully in their home culture. An Ordinary Future explores how and why this has long been the case, situating anthropologists and the theories we embrace and promulgate as products of their historical embeddedness. If this slim, highly readable text were to make its way into histories of anthropology or social sciences courses, it would not only be a useful addition to understanding how practitioners and fields change. It would also "crip" the history of anthropology, showing how disability studies provides a theoretical lens for recentering and including those who have too-often been radically and violently excluded. In this, a disability perspective also contributes to the ongoing decolonization of our field. Such discussions are more than academic. A widespread public and private legacy of discrimination against disabled children and adults—ableism—still looms large. Indeed, those born with Erving Goffman's famous "stigma" too often continue to elicit sorrow and shame. As a powerful and painful example, Pearson meditates on the frequent, spontaneous response to the news of his newborn daughter's diagnosis: folks ranging from medical professionals to university colleagues to first-degree [End Page 430...

Chapter 16 Cripping Reproduction The Intersections Of Pregnancy And Disability Faye Ginsburg, Faye GinsburgSearch for more papers by this authorRayna Rapp, Rayna RappSearch for more papers by this author Faye Ginsburg, Faye GinsburgSearch for more papers by this authorRayna Rapp, Rayna RappSearch for more papers by this author Book Editor(s):Cecilia Coale Van Hollen, Cecilia Coale Van HollenSearch for more papers by this authorNayantara Appleton, Nayantara AppletonSearch for more papers by this author First published: 20 September 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119845379.ch16 AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract This chapter covers the global expansion of prenatal and childhood genetic testing, the disability paradox, and shadow eugenics. The complexities of accessing and using prenatal genetic testing vary across social and cultural worlds. Feminist disability scholars and activists have voiced spirited disability rights critiques of prenatal genetic testing since the late twentieth century. Insisting on this important conversation, the disability bioethicist Adrienne Asch consistently asked genetic counselors to consider the intersection of disability rights and genetic counseling. Provider fear is one of several barriers that disrupt and delay maternity care for disabled women. Medical racism shapes care for many: a disproportionate number of younger disabled women are Black and Indigenous, more likely to suffer from the accidents, chronic diseases and malnutrition associated with poverty and discrimination associated with the continued legacies of slavery and colonialism. References Adams , R. ( 2013 ). Disability studies now . American Literary History 25 : 495 – 507 . Adams , R. ( 2014 ). Raising Henry: A Memoir of Motherhood, Disability, and Discovery . New Haven, CT : Yale University Press . Addlakha , R. 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This chapter surveys the disability arts in the United States during the pandemic. Disabled artists and activists responded to the COVID-19 crisis not only with heightened media advocacy and visibility, but also with reinvention of the public sphere to come. Artists have rethought remote access along with possibilities for work, care, and civic participation. The authors trace the technical rejigging, mutual aid, creative worldmaking, and intersectional activism that are the life lessons of living with non-normative bodyminds. Living otherwise has long characterized the daily creativity that disability demands, whether in the staging of daily life or on stage. The work of the disabled artist-activists discussed in this chapter indexes the high learning curve of the present and underscores that disability is not only an ingenious way to live—it is an ongoing set of critiques of the longstanding inequalities that underpin the present epidemic.

Anthropology and HumanismVolume 45, Issue 2 p. 255-259 Original Article Afterword: Unsettling Care for Anthropologists Rayna Rapp, Corresponding Author Rayna Rapp rayna.rapp@nyu.edu Department of Anthropology, New York University, 25 Waverly Place, New York, NY, 10003 USASearch for more papers by this author Rayna Rapp, Corresponding Author Rayna Rapp rayna.rapp@nyu.edu Department of Anthropology, New York University, 25 Waverly Place, New York, NY, 10003 USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 12 November 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/anhu.12307Citations: 2Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume45, Issue2Special Section: Unsettling Anthropologies of CareDecember 2020Pages 255-259 RelatedInformation

In this chapter, the authors explore two particular conditions that have grown enormously in numbers and public recognition in the twenty-first century: Alzheimer’s disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder. They focus on them because they raise important questions about escalating needs for specific accommodations and caretaking now and in the projected future of the body politic, and these are conditions that are neither predictable, preventable nor curable, but whose numbers are increasing exponentially. The authors make the case that the seemingly distinct fields of numbers and narratives each bespeak a changing futurity in which disability will increasingly be incorporated into 'the new normal', whether through demographic imperatives, narrative expression, and/or the force of political mobilization. In order to comprehend the impact of the upturn in numbers of Americans with disabilities throughout the life cycle, they have tacked back and forth between the abstractions of population trends and a range of media forms that express distinctive experiential realities.

“History is always on our heel”Tracy K. Smith, Poet Laureate of the United States, 2017-2019Radio Hour 5 July 19 (Remnick 2019)The articles in this special issue of Medical Anthropology make a powe...

As an analytic and an object of study, disability provides a powerful lens to refocus and potentially transform thinking about new and enduring concerns shaping contemporary anthropology. At its most basic, the recognition of disability as a universal social fact helps us to understand the cultural specificities of personhood and to reconsider the unstable boundaries of the category of the human. This special issue of Current Anthropology is based on a 2018 Wenner-Gren international symposium on disability addressing this underrepresented area of research. The articles published here demonstrate the transformative value of critical anthropological studies of disability for many of our discipline’s key questions regarding kinship, biopolitics, the life course, inequality/racism, war and violence, technology and materiality, and the importance of disability to decolonizing perspectives in anthropology.

As readers of BioSocieties have surely noted, environmental epigenetics has become our life science du jour over the last decade.It is the field that we social, cultural, and historical researchers love to configure as a site of potential reconciliation of possible life/social science collaboration, a promissory note addressing the longstanding problem of how the social gets under the skin of individuals, populations, and the thought styles of all of us who study such things.How might we use new genomic and epigenomic tools to query gene/environment interactions or-better still-co-productions? Answers are pouring forth not only from geneticists, neuropsychologists, and microbiome researchers, but from public health epidemiologists, patient groups participating in research, and the social scientists peering over their shoulders, as well.Indeed, epigenetics is quintessentially good to think with, an old-made-new science that takes on board the multiple complexities of the postgenomic scientific landscape, acknowledging if not exactly focusing on the environmental.That very key word, ''environment,'' has, of course, its own complex history, now fueling current political consciousness as the planet heats up.Along the way, social contributions to rapid environmental changes, including mutations and migrations in causes and expressions of health and illness, are increasingly under scrutiny.The very polysemy of ''environment''-from commonsense to controversial, from technical mechanisms of gene expression and gene silencing to the interactive traces of molecular biomarkers-makes it an appealing discursive candidate for tackling seemingly intractable problems of complexity.Hence, thinking through ''environmental epigenetics'' makes sense to many investigators at the present moment.How have qualitative lab-based social scientists come to navigate this field, and how have we fared in this exploration?Jorg Niewohner and Margaret Lock provide a synthetic and adroit philosophical overview of what social science in general and ethnographic investigations in particular have accomplished as they demonstrate the permanent entanglement and inherent co-production of encultured biology, or biologized culture.In ''Situating local biologies: Anthropological perspectives on environment/human entanglements,'' the duo reviews some recent thinking about how (O)ur permeable skin-bound selves comprise a collection of ecosystems of miniaturised communities that are products of our evolutionary past, more recent historical events,

This afterword to this special issue of The Cambridge Journal of Anthropology, entitled 'For an Anthropology of Cognitive Disability', explores the intersections of disability studies and ethnographic research on cognitive difference. We offer a brief scholarly genealogy, discuss how these articles provide recognition for 'the disarticulate', and consider how anthropologists working on this subject might contribute to an ethics of possibility.

This chapter draws on our long-standing ethnographic research on disability over the life cycle in the New York City (NYC) area. We focus on young adults with learning disabilities and their families as they prepare to leave high school. Despite legal mandates to include transition planning for students with disabilities, many schools have failed to provide more than perfunctory efforts to pave the way into the world beyond school. For those with learning disabilities (LD), the transition from educational institutions to life beyond is often experienced as a crisis. Unlike their peers without disabilities, many find themselves facing adulthood on their own without a net. In scores of interviews, we repeatedly encountered a sense of rupture of an anticipated life-course. Families frequently expressed dismay about the lack of support or direction for life beyond high school. We argue that these social inequalities have large implications, producing existential gaps in efforts to create a more expansive sense of American personhood for people with disabilities as they leave school. However, alternative social formations are also emerging, a process which involves creating a 'new normal' for young adults with disabilities.