On 9 May 2019, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published its updated UK guidance on prostate cancer. The publication is the culmination of a 3 year process. It is an evidence-based, carefully crafted, comprehensive "book" to compliment the preexisting 2014 guidance. It was born from new evidence on aspects of prostate cancer treatment and, most relevant for this special edition, diagnosis. This article provides a "behind-thescenes" on how NICE operates, using the guideline as a case study. The piece sets out to demystify this august governance body's processes: from the decision to update the existing guidance, through the scoping and discussion stages to the principles and policies that shaped the whole process. This provides the backdrop to the second half of the article wherein the 85 page guideline is condensed in to a few highly pertinent recommendations. The areas that sparked the most debate during the committee's 24-month lifespan are highlighted, finishing by asking the UK radiology community: where do we go next in this new era of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging first? (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal College of Radiologists.

The current pathway for men suspected of having prostate cancer [transrectal biopsy, followed in some cases by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for staging] results in over-diagnosis of insignificant tumours, and systematically misses disease in the anterior prostate. Multiparametric MRI has the potential to change this pathway, and if performed before biopsy, might enable the exclusion of significant disease in some men without biopsy, targeted biopsy in others, and improvements in the performance of active surveillance. For the potential benefits to be realized, the setting of standards is vital. This article summarizes the outcome of a meeting of UK radiologists, at which a consensus was achieved on (1) the indications for MRI, (2) the conduct of the scan, (3) a method and template for reporting, and (4) minimum standards for radiologists.

Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) was first developed in the 1970s. TRUS-guided biopsy, under local anaesthetic and prophylactic antibiotics, is now the most widely accepted method to diagnose prostate cancer. However, the sensitivity and specificity of greyscale TRUS in the detection of prostate cancer is low. Prostate cancer most commonly appears as a hypoechoic focal lesion in the peripheral zone on TRUS but the appearances are variable with considerable overlap with benign lesions. Because of the low accuracy of greyscale TRUS, TRUS-guided biopsies have become established in the acquisition of systematic biopsies from standard locations. The number of systematic biopsies has increased over the years, with 10-12 cores currently accepted as the minimum standard. This article describes the technique of TRUS and biopsy and its complications. Novel modalities including contrast-enhanced modes and elastography as well as fusion techniques for increasing the sensitivity of TRUS-guided prostate-targeted biopsies are discussed along with their role in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer.

AIMS: To evaluate the variance in current UK clinical practice and clinical outcomes for direct percutaneous radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective UK multicentre survey of RIG performed between October 2008 and August 2010 was performed through the British Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (BSGAR).RESULTS: Data from 684 patients were provided by 45 radiologists working at 17 UK centres. Two hundred and sixty-three cases (40%) were performed with loop-retained catheters, and 346 (53%) with balloon-retained devices. Sixty percent of all patients experienced pain in the first 24 h, but settled in the majority thereafter. Early complications, defined as occurring in the first 24 h, included minor bleeding (1%), wound infection (3%), peritonism (2%), and tube misplacement (1%). Late complications, defined as occurring between day 2 and day 30 post-procedure, included mild pain (30%), persisting peritonism (2%), and 30 day mortality of 1% (5/665). Pre-procedural antibiotics or anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prophylaxis did not affect the rate of wound infection, peritonitis, post-procedural pain, or mortality. Ninety-three percent of cases were performed using gastropexy. Gastropexy decreased post-procedural pain (p < 0.001), but gastropexy-related complications occurred in 5% of patients. However, post-procedure pain increased with the number of gastropexy sutures used (p < 0.001). The use of gastropexy did not affect the overall complication rate or mortality. Post-procedure pain increased significantly as tube size increased (p < 0.001). The use of balloon-retention feeding tubes was associated with more pain than the deployment of loop-retention devices (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: RIG is a relatively safe procedure with a mortality of 1%, with or without gastropexy. Pain is the commonest complication. The use of gastropexy, fixation dressing or skin sutures, smaller tube sizes, and loop-retention catheters significantly reduced the incidence of pain. There was a gastropexy-related complication rate in 5% of patients. Neither pre-procedural antibiotics nor anti-MRSA prophylaxis affected the rate of wound infection. (C) 2012 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In excess of 50 contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examinations are typically undertaken in our tertiary hospital NHS Trust each weekday, approximately 13,000 each year. In the Department of Radiology alone, we inject more than 1300 I of iodinated contrast medium per annum. There is a real need to devise a policy to anticipate contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CIN) and minimize its effects, without disrupting the high-intensity CT service. Having written a comprehensive yet pragmatic policy to reduce the incidence of this iatrogenic condition, it seemed sensible to share it with the wider radiology community and share the experience and lessons learnt in engaging all the stakeholders, ushering in the change with as little fuss as possible. The ramifications on primary and secondary care had to be anticipated, resource implications managed, and staff trained. This review is therefore presented in four sections: framing the problem, assessing its size and nature; a succeeding section on the available guidelines and their uptake; the policy itself to reduce CIN in CT is presented in the third section; and crucially, a description of the policy introduction process in the last section. (C) 2012 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Picture quizPicture QuizJ Richenberg, S J Freeman, H Sells, E Kalkman, C Paterson, L R Williams, M J Oldale, A J Bradley, A Horton, L Ratnam, J Madigan, G Munneke and U PatelJ Richenberg1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, S J Freeman1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, H Sells1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, E Kalkman1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, C Paterson1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, L R Williams1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, M J Oldale1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, A J Bradley1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, A Horton1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, L Ratnam1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, J Madigan1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author, G Munneke1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this author and U Patel1Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, Departments of 2Radiology and 3Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NT, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, 6Dept of Radiology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UKSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:13 Feb 2014https://doi.org/10.1259/imaging/52665210SectionsPDF/EPUBFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail About References 1 Martin X, Murat FJ, Feltosa LC, Rouvière O, Lyonnet D, Gelet A, et al. Severe bleeding after nephrolithotomy: results of hyperselective embolization. Eur Urol 2000;37:136–9. Crossref, Google Scholar2 Gallucci M, Fortunato P, Schettini M, Vincenzoni A. Management of hemorrhage after percutaneous renal surgery. J Endourol 1998;12:509–12. Crossref, Google Scholar3 Kessaris DN, Bellmann GC, Pardalidis NP, Smith AG. Management of hemorrhage after percutaneous renal surgery. J Urol 1995;153:604–8. Crossref, Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 20, Issue 1March 2008Pages: 1-viii © The British Institute of Radiology History Published onlineFebruary 13,2014 Metrics Download PDF

Picture quizPicture quizD LL Cochlin, K C Potter, H Evans, U Patel, D Svasti-Salee, C J Wilkins, P S Sidhu, E Simpson, C Allen, G Rottenberg, J Eaton and J RichenbergD LL Cochlin1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, K C Potter1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, H Evans1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, U Patel1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, D Svasti-Salee1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, C J Wilkins1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, P S Sidhu1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, E Simpson1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, C Allen1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, G Rottenberg1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author, J Eaton1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this author and J Richenberg1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, 2Department of Radiology, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, 3Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, 4Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals, London, 5Department of Radiology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, 6Departments of Urology and 7Imaging, The Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, UKSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:28 Jan 2014https://doi.org/10.1259/imaging/12170461SectionsPDF/EPUBFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 17, Issue 2October 2005Pages: 91-viii © The British Institute of Radiology History Published onlineJanuary 28,2014 Metrics 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The male urethra is more prone to disease than the female urethra, notably trauma and stricture formation.These entities are traditionally investigated with retrograde and antegrade contrast studies, and more recently, with high frequency ultrasound.Diseases in the female, including urethral diverticula and sub-mucosal urethral cysts, are centred on the periurethral tissues rather than the lumen, and as such are better investigated by MRI.MRI is also central in the diagnosis and management of rare conditions of the urethra such as urethral fistulae and malignancy.This review considers all these imaging modalities, comparing their relative merits and summarizing optimal technique.Throughout, the imaging is related to the clinical conditions of: urethral strictures, urethral diverticula, trauma, urethral fistulae, calculous disease, malignancy and pelvic surgery.

Picture quizPicture quizA Mizzi, J Moss, J Richenberg, P Thompson, S Chakraborty, K Mchugh, T M Wah, J A Spencer, S J Freeman and H SellsA Mizzi1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, J Moss1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, J Richenberg1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, P Thompson1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, S Chakraborty1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, K Mchugh1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, T M Wah1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, J A Spencer1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author, S J Freeman1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this author and H Sells1Radiology Department, Gartnaval General Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, 2Department of Imaging, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BE, 3Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, 4Department of Radiology, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, Departments of 5Radiology and 6Urology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UKSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:28 Jan 2014https://doi.org/10.1259/imaging/90828072SectionsPDF/EPUBFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail About References 1 Gleeson TG, Bulugahapitiya S. 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