Isolated clones of V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts, selected for resistance against cadmium toxicity, were exposed to monochromatic 365 nm ultraviolet-A (UVA; 320 nm to visible light) radiation and examined for cell survival. All three of the Cd-resistant V79 clones (V79Cd) tested exhibited significant increases in survival after irradiation compared with control cultures similar to the increased survival observed in Zn acetate-induced V79 cells. Dose-modifying factors calculated for these survival experiments were all approximately 1.5. When characterized for steady-state levels of metallothionein (MT) mRNA and associated Cd-binding activity, all of the Cd-resistant V79Cd clones demonstrated elevated constitutive levels of both, implicating MT as the mechanism responsible for the observed cellular resistance to Cd and also to 365 nm UVA radiation. However, whereas levels of intracellular MT protein correlated with differences in survival against Cd, MT intracellular levels did not correlate well with protection against 365 nm UVA. Increased cell survival after exposure to 365 nm UVA radiation mediated by MT appeared to reach a threshold level and MT only provided a limited degree of protection. Since UVA radiation is known to cause cell death mediated through the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), these results suggest that the role of MT in ameliorating cellular photooxidative damage produced by UVA is by reducing intracellular ROS.

Metallothionein (MT) is an endogenous low molecular weight protein that is inducible in a variety of eukaryotic cells and has the ability to selectivity bind heavy metal ions such as zinc and the cadmium. Although the exact physiological role of MT is still not understood, there is strong evidence that MT is involved in providing cellular resistance against the damaging effects of heavy metals and in the regulation of intracellular zinc and copper. Recently, it has been demonstrated that MT can scavenge radiation-induced reactive oxygen intermediates in vitro, specifically hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, and because of these observations it has been suggested that MT may provide protection against radiation-induced oxidative stress in vivo. Cell lines expressing increased levels of MT have demonstrated resistance to ionizing radiation, to ultraviolet radiation, and also to various DNA damaging agents including melphalan and cis-diaminedichloroplatinum. It is therefore important to gain some insight into the relationship between cellular MT content and cellular resistance to radiation and other DNA damaging agents. In this study we investigated the role of MT in providing protection against monochromatic 365-nm UVA radiation, which is known to generate intracellular reactive oxygen species that are involved in both DNA damage and cellmore » killing. For this purpose, we used zinc acetate, a potent inducer of MT, to elevate MT levels in V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts prior to UVA exposure and determined cell survival for uninduced and induced cultures. In order to eliminate any zinc effects other than MT induction, we also isolated and characterized cadmium chloride-resistant clones of V79 cells that have increased steady-state levels of both MT mRNA and protein, and we examined their survival characteristics against 365-nm radiation in the absence of zinc acetate. 14 refs., 3 figs.« less

A case of superior patellar dislocation is described. The dislocation was sustained without apparent trauma. Closed reduction was accomplished in the emergency department. No apparent injury to the patellar ligament was sustained.

This study investigated the relationship between the mother‐child relationship and academic achievement. The population consisted of 45 male achievers and underachievers from a local suburban high school and their mothers. The nature of the mother‐child relationship was measured by the Mother—Child Relationship Evaluation. Generally it was found that mothers of achievers were more accepting of their children than were mothers of underachievers. Further, achievers and underachievers differed in the ability to perceive accurately the maternal attitudes. These findings were interpreted in terms of the etiology of underachievement as described by Roth and Meyersburg in the Non‐Achievement Syndrome. These dynamics involve maternal rejection and the attempts of the underachiever to maintain a dependent relationship with the parents, and the avoidance of adolescent independence via underachievement.

174 selected failing students at Illinois Institute of Technology were provided group counseling as a condition of their remaining in school. The assumption of the psychodynamics of the non‐achievement syndrome was made regarding these students and a group counseling approach (NAS therapy) derived from an approach delineated by Roth and Meyersburg seemed appropriate and was utilized. 52 male subjects in this population were randomly selected for study as were 52 probationary, noncounseled males who were used as a comparison group. The results indicated that the counseled group increased their GPA's significantly and that these changes held over time. The GPA's of the comparison group did not increase significantly. The differences were attributable to the counseling experience.

The Personnel and Guidance JournalVolume 41, Issue 6 p. 535-540 The Non-Achievement Syndrome ROBERT M. ROTH, ROBERT M. ROTH Robert M. Roth is Director, Office of Psychological ServicesSearch for more papers by this authorH. ARNOLD MEYERSBURG, H. ARNOLD MEYERSBURG Robert M. Roth is Director, Office of Psychological ServicesSearch for more papers by this author ROBERT M. ROTH, ROBERT M. ROTH Robert M. Roth is Director, Office of Psychological ServicesSearch for more papers by this authorH. ARNOLD MEYERSBURG, H. ARNOLD MEYERSBURG Robert M. Roth is Director, Office of Psychological ServicesSearch for more papers by this author First published: February 1963 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2164-4918.1963.tb02339.xCitations: 20 H. Arnold Meyersburg is a member of the staff, Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume41, Issue6February 1963Pages 535-540 RelatedInformation

The Personnel and Guidance JournalVolume 39, Issue 8 p. 639-644 STRUCTURE: An Essential Framework for Research MARGARET B. FISHER, MARGARET B. FISHER Coordinator, Director Margaret B. Fisher, formerly Coordinator of Student Personnel Services, Hampton Institute, is Director of Student Personnel, The University of South Florida, Tampa. Robert M. Roth is Director, Psychological Services, Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia.Search for more papers by this authorROBERT M. ROTH, ROBERT M. ROTH Director Margaret B. Fisher, formerly Coordinator of Student Personnel Services, Hampton Institute, is Director of Student Personnel, The University of South Florida, Tampa. Robert M. Roth is Director, Psychological Services, Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia.Search for more papers by this author MARGARET B. FISHER, MARGARET B. FISHER Coordinator, Director Margaret B. Fisher, formerly Coordinator of Student Personnel Services, Hampton Institute, is Director of Student Personnel, The University of South Florida, Tampa. Robert M. Roth is Director, Psychological Services, Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia.Search for more papers by this authorROBERT M. ROTH, ROBERT M. ROTH Director Margaret B. Fisher, formerly Coordinator of Student Personnel Services, Hampton Institute, is Director of Student Personnel, The University of South Florida, Tampa. Robert M. Roth is Director, Psychological Services, Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia.Search for more papers by this author First published: April 1961 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2164-4918.1961.tb02030.xCitations: 4 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume39, Issue8April 1961Pages 639-644 RelatedInformation