Introduction This NAM Perspectives paper provides an overview of health education in schools and challenges encountered in enacting evidence-based health education; timely policy-related opportunities for strengthening school health education […]

Health communication, health education, and health literacy are rooted in a common understanding of human communication and share the goals of enhancing human health, improving health outcomes, and reducing […]

We believe health literacy needs an inclusive professional association to flourish as an independent field of research and practice. The creation of an international, multidisciplinary, peer organization has the […]

This article introduces the Journal of Health Communication's special section, Evaluating Health Communication Programs. This special section is based on a public lecture series supported by the National Library of Medicine titled "Better Health: Evaluating Health Communication Programs" designed to share best practices for using evaluation research to develop, implement, refine, and institutionalize the best health communication programs for promoting public health. This introduction provides an overview to the series, summarizes the major presentations in the series, and describe implications from the series for translational health communication research, interventions, and programs that can enhance health outcomes.

Letters Health AffairsVol. 31, No. 5: Coverage Expansion & Implications Health Literacy Through The National Library Of MedicineRobert A. Logan Affiliations National Library of Medicine Bethesda, Maryland PUBLISHED:May 2012No Accesshttps://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0378AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextView PDFPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions View article"Health Literacy Through The National Library Of Medicine." Health Affairs, 31(5), p. 1128TOPICSHealth literacyClinical trialsAccess to care Loading Comments... Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. DetailsExhibitsReferencesRelated Article Metrics History Published online 1 May 2012 Information Project HOPE—The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc. PDF download

This article provides a conceptual history of science mass communication, which is seen as divided into the scientific literacy and interactive science traditions. The origins of the ideas that underlie the scientific literacy and interactive science traditions, as well as some of the issues researchers have raised, are introduced. The author argues the two traditions are not mutually exclusive, although the interactive tradition is a response to the applied problems within the scientific literacy model. It is argued that the pace of research might be accelerated if there were a more comprehensive collaboration among science communication, health communication, and risk communication scholarship.

This article provides a conceptual history of science mass communication, which is seen as divided into the scientific literacy and interactive science traditions. The origins of the ideas that underlie the scientific literacy and interactive science traditions, as well as some of the issues researchers have raised, are introduced. The author argues the two traditions are not mutually exclusive, although the interactive tradition is a response to the applied problems within the scientific literacy model. It is argued that the pace of research might be accelerated if there were a more comprehensive collaboration among science communication, health communication, and risk communication scholarship.

In a content analysis, the authors assess the prevailing impressions toward social actors in the coverage of science and biomedical news in the Los Angeles Times and The Washington Post during biennial periods from 1989 to 1995. The social actors and outcome variables studied were favorability toward science and medical professionals, the health care delivery system, science and medicine as social institutions, industry, government, and public interest groups. The study found that prevailing impressions toward industry, government, the health care delivery system, science and medical professionals, science and medicine as social institutions, and public interest groups were within a middle or ascribed equivocal range for both newspapers during all the time periods surveyed. The findings challenge some qualitative, case-study-based scholarship that suggests prevailing impressions are skewed in highly favorable or unfavorable directions toward social actors in science reporting.

A content analysis of the science, medical, and environmental news reported in the Los Angeles Times and The Washington Post in biennial periods from 1989 to 1995 explored seven hypotheses about science reporting, news selection, and writing that were derived from the qualitatively based literature. Outcome variables were the percentage of news stories that are generated by events or are episodically generated, of news stories that are generated by science issues, of news stories with an embedded human interest component, of news stories with an embedded educational/informative component, of conflicts between scientists embedded as a writing motif, of news stories with a focus on pioneer science, and of news stories with a focus on textbook science. Five of the seven hypotheses with regard to the overall frequencies of science-reporting motifs within both newspapers were rejected. Expected qualitative patterns received only partial and equivocal support within the time periods surveyed. The findings suggest that science journalism performance, if assessed over longer periods of time, may vary from some qualitative case-study presumptions. Case studies of science news may not reflect a news organization's overall reporting, editing, and news selection trends, which appear to be more broadly prudent and responsible within the newspapers surveyed than some previous scholarship suggests.

Arthritis Care & ResearchVolume 13, Issue 5 p. 320-329 Original ArticleFree to Read Audience motivations to use an arthritis website Robert A. Logan, Corresponding Author Robert A. Logan School of Journalism, Kirksville, MissouriSchool of Journalism, University of Missouri-Columbia, 120 Neff Hall, Columbia, MO 65211Search for more papers by this authorRobin J. Nuttall, Robin J. Nuttall College of Education, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorSusan E. Hazelwood, Susan E. Hazelwood Office of Research, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJerry C. Parker, Jerry C. Parker Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Administration Hospital, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJane C. Johnson, Jane C. Johnson Research Support, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJohn E. Hewett, John E. Hewett Department of Statistics, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJohn C. Reid, John C. Reid School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this author Robert A. Logan, Corresponding Author Robert A. Logan School of Journalism, Kirksville, MissouriSchool of Journalism, University of Missouri-Columbia, 120 Neff Hall, Columbia, MO 65211Search for more papers by this authorRobin J. Nuttall, Robin J. Nuttall College of Education, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorSusan E. Hazelwood, Susan E. Hazelwood Office of Research, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJerry C. Parker, Jerry C. Parker Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Administration Hospital, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJane C. Johnson, Jane C. Johnson Research Support, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJohn E. Hewett, John E. Hewett Department of Statistics, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this authorJohn C. Reid, John C. Reid School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Kirksville, MissouriSearch for more papers by this author First published: 15 May 2001 https://doi.org/10.1002/1529-0131(200010)13:5<320::AID-ANR12>3.0.CO;2-HCitations: 4AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume13, Issue5October 2000Pages 320-329 RelatedInformation

Arthritis & RheumatismVolume 11, Issue 1 p. 53-59 Contributions From The FieldFree to Read Three opportunities to work with the news media Robert A. Logan PhD, Corresponding Author Robert A. Logan PhD Associate Dean School of Journalism, University of Missouri-Columbia, 120 Neff Hall, Columbia, MO 65211School of Journalism, University of Missouri-Columbia, 120 Neff Hall, Columbia, MO 65211Search for more papers by this author Robert A. Logan PhD, Corresponding Author Robert A. Logan PhD Associate Dean School of Journalism, University of Missouri-Columbia, 120 Neff Hall, Columbia, MO 65211School of Journalism, University of Missouri-Columbia, 120 Neff Hall, Columbia, MO 65211Search for more papers by this author First published: 07 December 2005 https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1790110109Citations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Nelkin D. Selling science: how the press covers science and technology. 2nd ed. New York WH Freeman; 1995. Google Scholar 2 Krieghbaum H. Science and the mass media. New York: New York University Press; 1967. Web of Science®Google Scholar 3 Laetsch W. A basis for better public understanding of science. In: Communicating science to the public. Ciba Foundation conference. New York John Wiley & Sons; 1987. Web of Science®Google Scholar 4 Tobey R. The American ideology of natural science. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 1971. Google Scholar 5 Perlman D. Science and the mass media. Daedalus 1974; 103: 207–22. Google Scholar 6 S. Friedman, S. Dunwoody, C. Rogers, editors. Scientists and journalists: reporting science as news. New York The Free Press: 1986. Google Scholar 7 Haff G. Science writing in American mass media. Nieman Rep 1976; 30: 18–24. Google Scholar 8 Ciba Foundation Conference. Communicating science to the public. New York John Wiley & Sons; 1987. Google Scholar 9 Trachtman L. The public understanding of science effort a critique. Sci Technol Hum Values 1981; 36: 10–5. Google Scholar 10 M. Moore, editor. Health risks and the press. Washington (DC): The Media Institute; 1989. Google Scholar 11 Burnham J. How superstition won and science lost: popularizing science and health in the United States. New Brunswick (NJ): Rutgers University Press; 1987. Google Scholar 12 O'Leary D. Physicians and reporters: conflict, commonalities and collaboration. In: S. Friedman, S. Dunwoody, C. Rogers, editors. Scientists and journalists: reporting science as news. New York The Free Press; 1986. p. 95–102. Google Scholar 13 Angell M. Science on trial: the clash of medical evidence. New York W. W. Norton; 1996. Google Scholar 14 Stephenson W. Lake Ozark symposium on science news. Columbia (MO): National Science Foundation; 1973. Google Scholar 15 Shepard G. R. Science news of controversy: the case of marijuana. Journalism Monographs 1979; 62. Google Scholar 16 Brooks B., Kennedy G., Moen D., Ranly D. News reporting and writing. 4th ed. New York St. Martins; 1992. Google Scholar 17 Lowenstein R., Merrill J. MacroMedia: mission, messages and morality. New York Longman; 1990. Google Scholar 18 Manoff R. K., Schudson M. Reading the news. New York: Pantheon; 1987. Google Scholar 19 Schudson M. Discovering the news: a social history of American newspapers. New York Basic Books; 1978. Google Scholar 20 Tuchman G. Making news: a study in the construction of reality. New York The Free Press; 1978. Google Scholar 21 Gastel B. Presenting science to the public. Philadelphia: ISI Press; 1983. Google Scholar 22 Council of Scientific Society Presidents. Bridging the communication gap: a wingspread conference on strengthening the relationship between scientists and journalists. Washington (DC): Council of Scientific Society Presidents; 1991. Google Scholar 23 Burkett W. News reporting: science, medicine and high technology. Ames: Iowa State University Press; 1986. Google Scholar 24 Lambeth E. Committed journalism: an ethic for the profession. 2nd ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; 1992. Google Scholar 25 Christians C., Ferre J. P., Fackler M. P. Good news: social ethics & the press. New York Oxford University Press; 1993. Google Scholar 26 Fumento M. Balancing technology and the environment: science under siege. New York William Morrow; 1993. Google Scholar 27 Signorielli N. Mass media images and impact on health: a sourcebook. New York: Greenwood Press; 1993. Google Scholar 28 Broder D. Behind the front page: a candid look at how news is made. New York Touchstone; 1987. Google Scholar 29 Broder D. A new assignment for the press. Enterprise lecture no. 26. Riverside: University of California Riverside Press; 1991. Google Scholar 30 McCombs M., Shaw D. The agenda-setting function of the mass media. Public Opin Q 1972; 36: 176–87. 10.1086/267990 Web of Science®Google Scholar 31 Shaw D., McCombs M. The emergence of American political issues: the agenda-setting function of the press. St. Paul: West Publishing; 1977. Google Scholar 32 McQuail D. Media performance. Newbury Park (CA): Sage; 1992. Google Scholar 33 Cohn V. News and numbers. 2nd ed. Ames: Iowa State University Press; 1994. Google Scholar 34 Cohn V. Reporting on risk getting it right in an age of risk. Washington (DC): The Media Institute; 1990. Google Scholar 35 Cohn V. Reporters as gatekeepers. In: M. Moore, editor. Health risks and the press. Washington (DC): The Media Institute; 1989. p. 35–51. Google Scholar 36 Michigan Sea Grant College Program. Reporting on risk a journalist's handbook. Ann Arbor: Michigan Sea Grant College Program; 1994. Google Scholar 37 Wilkins L., Patterson P. Risk analysis and the construction of news. J Communication 1987; 37: 80–92. 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1987.tb00996.x Web of Science®Google Scholar 38 Wilkins L., Patterson P. Risky business: communicating issues of science., risk and public policy. New York Greenwood Press; 1991. Google Scholar 39 West B., Sandman P., Greenberg M. Reporter's environmental handbook. New Brunswick (NJ): Rutgers University Press; 1995. Google Scholar 40 Ames B., Gold L. S. Misconceptions regarding environmental pollution and cancer causation. In: M. Moore, editor. Health risks and the press. Washington (DC): The Media Institute; 1989. p. 19–34. Web of Science®Google Scholar 41 Felts W., Yelin E. The economic impact of rheumatic diseases in the United States. J Rheumatol 1989; 16: 867–84. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 42 Reynolds D. L., Torrance G. W., Badley E. M., Bennett K. J., Chambers L. W., Goldsmith C. H., et al. Modeling the population health impact of musculoskeletal diseases: arthritis. J Rheumatol 1993; 20: 1037–47. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 43 Arthritis prevalence and activity limitations, United States 1990. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994; 43: 24. Google Scholar 44 Slovic P., Fischhoff B., Lichtenstein S. Rating the risks. In: T. Glickman, M. Gough, editors. Readings in risk. Washington (DC): Resources for the Future; 1993. p. 61–75. Google Scholar 45 Rosen J. ommunity connectedness passwords for public journalism. St. Petersburg (FL): Poynter Institute for Media Studies; 1993. Google Scholar 46 Merritt D. Jr. Public journalism & public life: why telling the news is not enough. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum; 1995. Google Scholar 47 Pew Center for Civic Journalism and the Poynter Institute for Media Studies. Civic journalism: six case studies. St. Petersburg (FL): Poynter Institute for Media Studies; 1995. Google Scholar 48 McQuail D. Mass media theory: an introduction. 3rd ed. Newbury Park (CA): Sage; 1994. Web of Science®Google Scholar 49 Yankelovich D. Changing public attitudes to science and the quality of life. Sci Technol Hum Values 1982; 39: 23–9. 10.1177/016224398200700205 Google Scholar 50 Yankelovich D. Coming to public judgment: making democracy work in a complex world. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press; 1991. Web of Science®Google Scholar 51 Neuman W. R., Just M. R., Crigler A. N. Common knowledge: news and the construction of political meaning. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1992. 10.7208/chicago/9780226161174.001.0001 Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume11, Issue1February 1998Pages 53-59 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Arthritis & RheumatismVolume 11, Issue 2 p. 150-153 Contribution From The FieldFree to Read A description and evaluation of the Missouri arthritis rehabilitation research and training center John C. Reid PhD, Corresponding Author John C. Reid PhD University of Missouri-ColumbiaProfessor of Education and Psychiatry, Integrated Technology Services, 605 Lewis Hall, Columbia MO 65211-4230.Search for more papers by this authorRobin J. Nuttall, Robin J. Nuttall University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this authorSusan E. Hazelwood, Susan E. Hazelwood University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this authorRobert A. Logan PhD, Robert A. Logan PhD University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this authorJerry C. Parker PhD, Jerry C. Parker PhD Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran's Hospital, and University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this author John C. Reid PhD, Corresponding Author John C. Reid PhD University of Missouri-ColumbiaProfessor of Education and Psychiatry, Integrated Technology Services, 605 Lewis Hall, Columbia MO 65211-4230.Search for more papers by this authorRobin J. Nuttall, Robin J. Nuttall University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this authorSusan E. Hazelwood, Susan E. Hazelwood University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this authorRobert A. Logan PhD, Robert A. Logan PhD University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this authorJerry C. Parker PhD, Jerry C. Parker PhD Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran's Hospital, and University of Missouri-ColumbiaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 December 2005 https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1790110211Citations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Arthritis Foundation. Targeting the debilitating effects of arthritis: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)—legislative flyer. Atlanta: Arthritis Foundation; 1997. Google Scholar 2 National Center for the Dissemination of Disability Research. Research Exchange Quarterly: http://www.ncddr.org/Research_Exchange/v02n01_design.html. Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume11, Issue2April 1998Pages 150-153 ReferencesRelatedInformation