Orthoptera species distribution ranges are dynamically shifting because of climate change. This article documents the expansion of the short-winged grasshopper Pezotettix giornae in Western and Central Europe between 1990 and 2024. Published records from Central Europe (Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, and the Czech Republic) are supplemented with data from public databases and targeted field surveys, particularly in southeastern Moravia and the Burda Hills region of southern Slovakia. Whereas P. giornae was previously abundant mainly in the Mediterranean reaching northwards into central Hungary, its range has gradually shifted northward over the past 30 years, now reaching central France, Austria, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic, with single individuals transported to northern France, northern Switzerland, central Germany, and the Netherlands. The increase in abundance and the number of newly recorded localities indicate the dynamic spread of this species despite its inability to fly. This expansion is facilitated by climate warming, the species’ ability to colonize ruderal and successional habitats, and passive dispersal via transportation, particularly along road and railway corridors. The case of P. giornae demonstrates that even brachypterous species with limited dispersal ability can undergo significant range shifts. This trend has important implications for ecological modeling and the prediction of future species distributions and biodiversity conservation strategies in the changing European landscape.

Areas used for military training have a typical character of open sites with a varied mosaic of habitats and a significant representation of early successional stages.The diversity of habitats creates favorable conditions for species-rich plant and animal communities.This paper presents the results of a repeated inventory survey of Orthoptera species at 42 abandoned military sites in the Czech Republic conducted in 2008-2009 and 2021-2022, respectively.In total, 61 species were recorded, representing 68 % of all Orthoptera species with recent occurrence in the Czech Republic.Seventeen of the identified species are listed in the recent Red List of Threatened Species of the Czech Republic.The most important records include Dociostaurus brevicollis, Montana montana, Ephippiger ephippiger, Chorthippus pullus, Aiolopus thalassinus, Acrida ungarica and Oedaleus decorus.The high species diversity of grasshoppers and bush-crick-ets with a significant proportion of endangered and rare species underscores the crucial importance of abandoned military sites for the conservation of this insect group.

Pouze dva druhy rovnokřidlých jsou v soucasne době chraněny ceským narodnim pravem: Saga pedo jako kriticky ohrožený a Stenobothrus eurasius jako silně ohrožený druh. V reakci na to jsme připravili navrh na doplněni zminěneho seznamu zvlastě chraněných živocichů o dalsich 15 druhů rovnokřidlých. To bylo možne pouze na zakladě revize (2017) narodniho cerveneho seznamu rovnokřidlých zahrnujiciho 40 druhů.

Do cerveneho seznamu jsou zařazeny dva druhy, skvor dvojskvrnný (Anechura bipuncatata) do kategorie RE a skvor velký (Labidura riparia) do kategorie VU. Posledni nalezy Anechura bipuncatata z Cech pochazeji z konce 19. stoleti, posledni udaje z Moravy (Palava) pochazeji z 60. let 20. stol. V předchozim cervenem seznamu (Kocarek & Holusa 2005) byl skvor velký zařazen do kategorie EN. V soucasne době byl zaznamenan narůst poctu osidlených lokalit, zejmena v antropogenně podminěných biotopech, nicmeně druh je vyhraněný biotopový specialista, který je ohrožen ocekavaným ubytkem vhodných biotopů a naplňuje nyni kriteria kategorie VU.

Vzhledem k výskytu stabilnich populaci na severu Dolnich Rakous se dal ocekavat lokalni výskyt cvrcka pobřežniho v oblasti podel cesko-rakouských hranic. Proto byly v tomtež obdobi opakovaně kontrolovany mokřadni lokality od Znojma až po Lanžhot, zejmena piskovny a hlinistě, ovsem bezvýsledně. K průlomu v nasem poznani doslo až po nahodnem nalezu jedineho samce v oblasti Lednických rybniků na konci května 2014. V nasledujicim obdobi byl proveden průzkum sirsi oblasti Lednicka, jehož výsledkem bylo zachyceni 6 jedinců na 2 dalsich lokalitach. Systematicke dvouměsicni sledovani výskytu pomoci 4 různých metod na lokalitě Pastvisko u Lednice nepřineslo ocekavane výsledky. Paralelně s timto výzkumem byly kontrolovany 3 nejbližsi lokality v Dolnich Rakousech. Ukazalo se, že i některe zdejsi, původně dosti pocetne, populace maji problemy se zarůstanim břehů a mokřadů rakosem. Navzdory znacnemu usili se v sezoně 2014 nepodařilo existenci životaschopne populace cvrcka pobřežniho v CR potvrdit. Nicmeně, tento cvrcek na jižni Moravě ocividně přeživa, dost možna i dlouhodobě, ve formě malo pocetných, zřejmě efemernich, populaci na same hranici zachytitelnosti na suboptimalnich pobřežnich biotopech. V roce 2015 se zaměřime na mokřadni biotopy podobne dolnorakouským, ktere by mohly hostit pocetne populace cvrcka pobřežniho.

Prvni zminka o výskytu na uzemi soucasne CR pochazi z roku 1875 a celkově existuji o výskytu u nas jen dva literarni udaje. Oba jedince považuje Mařan (1952) za zavlecene. Dokladove exemplaře neexistuji a lokality nejsou konkretni, takže nemohl být proveden jejich průzkum. Tento druh je na okraji sveho arealu výrazně piskomilný, preferuje mista se sporou bylinnou vegetaci, jak na dunach, tak v terennich depresich. Takova mista jsou u nas plosně velmi omezena a izolovana. Navic, soucasne nejbližsi lokality jižně od Nových Zamků jsou asi 130 km vzdalene od vhodných biotopů v CR, přirozene rozsiřeni k nam tedy neni přilis pravděpodobne. V roce 2008 (nebo už dřive) byla nejmeně jedna samice sarance uherske zaměrně vysazena neznamou osobou na vhodnou lokalitu v okoli Bzence. Nasledně jsme zde pak v letech 2010 a 2012 zjistili male populace citajici nejmeně 15 resp. 12 jedinců. Výskyt nebyl zahrnut do nejnovějsiho checklistu, poněvadž geneticka analýza (2 fragmenty COI) potvrdila, že sarance pochazeji z jižni Evropy a naležeji tudiž k poddruhu A. u. mediterranea. Populace je prozatim fixovana na misto nalezu (odlesněna piscina obklopena borovými lesy) bez tendence se zde dal siřit. V roce 2014 bude výzkum vývoje pocetnosti teto populace pokracovat.There are only two references to the occurrence of Acrida ungarica in the area of the CR, and these concern only two specimens. Both specimens were considered by Mařan (1952) to be imported (introduced). The specimens do not exist in any collection. Details concerning the localities were not provided, and so the areas could not be re-examined. The first reference to the occurrence of Acrida ungarica in the area of the CR was in 1875. The extensive sandy areas in southern Moravia were already forested at the time, and only small-scale localities remained there. Probably in 2008 or before, at least one female of A. ungarica was intentionally introduced (by an unknown person) into a locality with suitable habitat in southeastern Moravia. Subsequently, small populations of 15 and 12 individuals were found at the same locality near Bzenec in 2010 and 2012, respectively (as noted earlier in this report). The occurrence is not considered in the Checklist because a genetic analysis (two fragments of COI) confirmed that the grasshoppers originated from southern Europe and belonged to the meridional subspecies A. ungarica mediterranea Dirsh, 1949. The population seems to be fixed at the site without evidence of spread. The site is situated in a relatively small, deforested, sandy, desert-like area isolated in a dense pine woods.

The bush cricket Saga pedo is a critically endangered species in the EU and is included in Annex IV of Council Directive 92/43/EEC. This species is therefore subject to mandatory regular monitoring within all member countries where it occurs. Because its abundance is low and little information is available concerning its ecology, however, an effective monitoring method that would yield standardized results has yet to be devised. We found S. pedo passing through 6 instars during its development in Central European conditions. Our findings indicate that, after hatching, S. pedo moves constantly through terrain with optimal vegetation and thereby reduces its population density. Based on recaptures of marked individuals, adults moved usually between 0.5 and 2 m in 24 h, the largest distance moved during a day was recorded as 37.5 m. Combined with a high mortality rate, this continual movement leads to very low density late in the season. Based on extensive surveys conducted during 2006–2011 at 10 sites in the Pálava Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic), we show that the optimal time for monitoring in order to achieve comparable results from different investigators in different locations is the period just after nymphs hatch (1–10 May in Central Europe). Because S. pedo populations in Europe are threatened by habitat destruction resulting from successional overgrowth of habitat by vegetation and afforestation, ensuring the survival of this species will require that successional changes in vegetation and afforestation be stopped by mowing and removal of woody plants and seedlings or by farming (extensive grazing). Management need not be performed every year but should occur when the S. pedo population is already adult and dispersed. The most suitable period for partial machine mowing (1/3–1/2 of a specific area) is September. Mowing with scythes and extensive rotational grazing are the best methods for managing sites where S. pedo is found.

A checklist is presented of the Orthoptera of the CzechRepublic. Based on the critical revision of published data and pre-vious lists of species, which often contained only general or questionable data and which often inaccurately cited each other, we found 96 species of Orthoptera belonging to the fauna of the CzechRepublic. We emphasize those changes that are based on comparison with previous checklists. We provide information on missing, unclear, and extinct species and on newly detected species, and we confirm the status of species that have been missing for a long time (Leptophyes boscii, Polysarcus denticauda, Ruspolia nitidula, Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis, Tetrix bolivari, Mecostethus parapleurus). We also note those species for which only several individuals have been detected (Pteronemobius heydenii) or those survived only at a single locality (Platycleis montana, Aiolopus thalassinus, Dociostaurus brevicollis, Omocestus petraeus) or at two localities (Poecilimon intermedius, Platycleis veyseli, Pseudopodisma nagyi). Phaneroptera nana is recorded as new forBohemia.

Popularizacni přednaska s cilem oslovit potencialni spolupracovniky na celorepublikovem projektu.

Predatory Katydid Saga pedo was recorded in the Czech Republic for the first time in 1900. Since then, it has been found in five areas: on Kamenny vrch (hill) at Kurdejov, in Pouzdranska step-Kolby (national nature reserve), on Pavlovske vrchy (hills), near the Bulhary village, and in the environs of Znojmo (town). During the first half of the twentieth century, only eight specimens of S. pedo were observed or collected in the Czech Republic, and these were in three areas in the southeastern part of the country: Pavlovske vrchy hills, Pouzdfanska step-Kolby NNR, and environs of Znojmo. From 1950-1990, one locality (Kamenny vrch hill at Kurdejov) was added, but only eight individuals were observed during the same period for the entire country. From 1988-2009, 32 individuals were reported by incidental observers. In intensive surveys conducted during 2006-2009, 477 nymphs and 75 adults were found in the area of Pavlovske vrchy (hills). In the area of Pavlovske vrchy, S. pedo was detected in nine localities, i.e., the insect was widespread across the entire area of the hills, from Divel hrad ruin in the north to Turold hill in the south. During the surveys of 20062009, however, S. pedo was not detected in any new locality, and in spite of intensive surveying, S. pedo was not found in two localities where it had previously been reported.

There are 97 species of orthopterans known from the territory of the CR today. The first conservation status assessment was done in 2005 in the Red List of threatened species in the CR - Invertebrates (Holusa et Kocarek 2005). 29 species are listed there, many others could not be assessed due to lack of actual information. More intensive research conducted in last four years allows to revise orthopteran conservation status assessment. 13 species need to be consider extinct now. 40 % of remaining species occur on very restricted area up to 1% (26 spp.) and 5% (13 spp.) respectively of standard grid mapping squares. Restricted distribution of those species is influenced by geographical location of the country or by limited supply of prefered habitats, often by both factors simultaneously. Most of those species are highly endangered in the CR, only a few of them are spreading quickly there by contrast. Actualised conservation assessment of the orthopterans using IUCN categories and criteria is given.

The contribution gives the first faunistic record of the bush-cricket Polysarcus denticauda from the region of the Jeseniky Mts. and from Silesia. Isolated relict occurrence in the vicinity of the small town Janov represents the third recent occurrence area in the Czech Republic. It concerns a complex of mesophilous tall oatgrass meadows traditionally managed by mowing. At present, the population of this critically endangered species is threatened by an intensive cattle grazing.

Během faunistickeho průzkumu rovnokřidleho hmyzu provedeneho v obdobi 6.-12. srpna 2001 v 15 přisně chraněných přirodnich rezervacich (větsinou raselinistich) a na dalsich 12 lokalitach (větsinou kosených lukach) v CHKO Jizerske hory bylo dohromady zjistěno 15 druhů; 6 druhů kobylek a 9 druhů saranci. Tento pocet zjistěných druhů představuje 21,8% ceske fauny rovnokřidlých. Ve dvou připadech (Myrmeleotettix maculatus a Chorthippus albomarginatus), byly potvrzeny udaje z historických pramenů (po 84 resp. 58 letech) a ve ctyřech připadech (Tetrix tenuicornis, Chrysochraon dispar, Chorthippus apricarius a Chorthippus brunneus) se jednalo o nove druhy pro uzemi CHKO.

Occurence and ecology of Eumodicogryllus bordigallensis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in the Czech Republic were published by means of poster and resumed in abstract.

Recently, the population of Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis consisting of more than ten males has been observed in Novosedly railway station in the most south-eastern part of the Czech Republic during 2004-2006. The individuals occupied railway embankment composed of coarse grit. Single male was found on other place at Muslov sand pit. In southern Moravia, this species probably occurs on the northern edge of its range. The adults occur from the beginning of June to the beginning of September. The calling song of males of E. bordigalensis from Novosedly consists of long, uninterrupted sequence of syllables which lasts several minutes. The normal duration of syllables were 0.122-0.149 s, they are consisted of 11-13 impulses and the carrier frequency shows a band between 4.6-15.5 KHz.

Strucne shrnuti výsledků výzkumu intenzity výskytu imag a druhove diverzity taxocenoz vrtalek (Diptera: Agromyzidae) v polnich a sklenikových kulturach v Ceske republice v obdobi 1995-1997.

Sarance bělonoha (Chorthippus oschei) je sesterským druhem u nas běžne sarance bělopruhe (C. albomarginatus), se kterou se v oblastech styku arealů křiži. Do středni Evropy zasahuje poddruhem C. oschei pusztaensis, jehož souvislý areal se rozklada jihovýchodně od uzemi CR (H, RO, MD, UA). V CR nebyla s. bělonoha doposud nikdy zaznamenana, nicmeně vzhledem k probihajicimu siřeni v D. Rakousech byla do Atlasu rovnokřidlých CR (Kocarek a kol., 2013) zařazena mezi druhy s ocekavaným výskytem. Dne 9.7.2016 byl na lokalitě Děvin (CHKO Palava) nahodně odchycen 1 samec sarance bělonohe. Vzhledem k nadmořske výsce (asi 530 m) a hlavně nevyhovujicimu suchemu stepnimu charakteru lokality je třeba tohoto jedince považovat za migranta (zalet). Shodou okolnosti hned nasledujiciho dne se nam spolu s rakouskými kolegy podařilo doložit výskyt jedinců tohoto druhu i na vrchu Braunsberg u Hainburgu (asi 340 m). Tyto necekane nalezy motivovaly autory k průzkumu vhodných lokalit v oblasti jižni Moravy s cilem nalezt rozmnožujici se populaci s. bělonohe. V obdobi 2.8.-18.9.2016 se nam na 9 lokalitach podařilo odchytit 31 samců (a 20 samic) s. bělopruhe se znaky s. bělonohe. Analýza klicoveho znaku, tj. poctu zoubků na stridulacni listě (na vnitřni straně zadniho stehna), byla provedena pomoci mikroskopu s vestavěným digitalnim fotoaparatem. Ve stejnem obdobi byl na lokalitě Moravicany (CHKO Litovelske Pomoravi) odchycen srovnavaci vzorek 33 samců s. bělopruhe, u kterých byl pocet zoubků zjisťovan stejným způsobem. Zatimco se pro s. bělopruhe uvadi 104-122 zoubků, my jsme u několika samců z Moravican zjistili pocty i výrazně vyssi (max. 137, prům. 118,4). U jihomoravských populaci se pocty zoubků (max. 145, prům. 125,0) pohybuji mezi pocty udavanými pro s. bělopruhou (viz výse) a s. bělonohou (165-186), jde tedy (z 61,5%) o křižence. Tato zjistěni dokazuji, že se hybridni zona během několika let posunula z Rakouska na jižni Moravu a jeji severni okraj by mohl zasahovat i výrazně dal.