This study investigated the influence of moisture on asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures incorporating varying proportions of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and 8% sawdust ash (SDA). The optimum bitumen content (OBC) was determined using the Marshall mix design method, and then moisture resistance of the RAP and 8% SDA-modified AC mix was evaluated using a modified Marshall immersion test. Furthermore, moisture resistance was validated using tests, including the energy loss ratio and tensile strength ratio (TSR). Additionally, the resilient modulus ratio (RMR) was assessed to reflect the material's elastic response under repeated loading. Surface microstructural analysis of the filler-bitumen (FB) mastic was conducted using optical microscopy (OM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to evaluate the dispersion of the filler within the asphalt film and its potential for moisture resistance. The experimental results indicated that an AC mix with 60% RAP and 8% SDA is suitable for low-volume roads in cooler climates, with a 0.20% reduction in OBC compared with the control mix. This modified mixture demonstrated 82.10% resistance to moisture damage after a 7-day immersion period, which is attributed to the presence of carbonyl compounds in the binder and calcium oxide in SDA.

Cong-red dye is a precursor of various products of cotton industry and its toxicity in the aquatic environment is a great concern. Present study was highlighted on the efficacy of the fish scale char (FSC) towards removal of congo red from aqueous solution. The prepared FSC was characterized by zero point charge (pHZPC), scanning electron micrograph with elemental analysis (SEM-EDX) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Based in the equilibrium and kinetic study, the Langmuir (R-2 = 0.967) and Pseudo-second-order (R-2 = 1.00) models are appropriate to describe the dye adsorption process. The randomness and exothermic nature of the system were confirmed by the negative values of both entropy and enthalpy, respectively. Finally, optimization by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) study revealed that the experimental data were nicely fitted with central composite design with very high F value (F = 1596.24, p < 0.0001). Perturbation plot suggested that congo-red dye removal is more sensitive with respect to biosorbent dose, pH and initial concentration. The exhausted adsorbent was regenerated with 0.5(M) NaOH solution. Therefore, it can be concluded that fish scale char could be a valuable materials towards purification of industrial effluent.

Adansonia digitata (Baobab) is a large, iconic tree with rich medicinal and nutritional values and its parts are used to treat various ailments. The leaves, which are edible, serve as food. In addition to its dietary use, studies on its anti-cancer properties and the specialised metabolites responsible for those properties are limited. Therefore, this study aims to characterise the anticancer properties and chemical constituents of A. digitata L. leaves. The activity of the aqueous extract was evaluated against mouse fibroblast (L929), human gastric (AGS) and osteosarcoma (MG-63) cancer cell lines using an in-vitro MTT assay. A Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of A. digitata extract. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was employed to identify the major chemical constituents. The in-vitro MTT assay showed that the extract has anticancer potential by sensitising cell proliferation, as the IC50 values for mouse L929, AGS and MG-63 were obtained as 2923 ± 4.504, 190.9 ± 10.81 and 1834 ± 6.194 µg/mL, respectively. BSLA elicited that there was no lethality found up to 100 µg/mL. The LC-MS analysis showed the presence of catechin, vitexin, kaempherol glycoside, rutin, and other phytocompounds. Overall, this study indicated that the potential anticancer activity of the plant extract of A. digitata against AGS cell lines, in addition to its dietary use, may be significantly influenced by its specialised metabolites.

In tropical regions, lack of moisture-damage-resistant fillers in flexible pavements poses significant challenges for infrastructure development and maintenance. Hence, this study examined sawdust ash (SDA) for such purposes. SDA is abundant as agricultural waste in rice-producing countries like India and China. Durability assessment of SDA-enriched bituminous concrete (BC) against moisture damage is considered as state-of-art in this investigation. To implement this study, numerous laboratory tests were carried out. First, the Marshall test was carried out to estimate the optimal bitumen content (OBC) and several Marshall properties, including Marshall volumetric properties. After that, a modified Marshall immersion test, energy loss ratio test, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test, indirect tensile strength test (ITS), resilient modulus ratio test, and rutting resistance test were done to execute this investigation. Furthermore, the morphological characteristics of the studied filler were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The experimental result shows that the 8% SDA-enriched BC mix may be applied in low-volume roads in tropical regions like India with 86.94% structural integrity for the presence of ample amounts of calcium oxide (CaO), silicon oxide (SiO2), ferric oxide (Fe2O3), and higher loss on ignition value in that ash. Moreover, the results have shown that the mixes containing 8% SDA perform exceptionally well against moisture damage with the highest energy loss ratio (63.27%) and dynamic modulus (12.1 MPa) after 14 days of immersion. Similarly, this type of mix delivers the highest tensile strength ratio (96.27%) and resilient modulus ratio (89.21%), with minimum rutting depth (9.55 mm), and performs not only in terms of moisture resistance but also in its ability to withstand rutting deformation significantly. These results make it a promising choice for asphalt pavements, to mitigate the detrimental effects of both rutting and moisture on the overall durability and longevity of the road.

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) microgreens is an underutilized vegetable with limited shelf life having good source of antioxidants, carotenoid as well as vitamins. The study deals with nutritional quality and optimization of a suitable passive modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for improving the shelf life of fenugreek microgreens in its minimally processed form (MPFM) at 8oC Semipermeable plastic films viz., low density polyethylene, polypropylene, Cryovac PD 961® and stretchable PVC cling film with varying thickness were evaluated as packaging materials to obtain different MAP composition inside MPFM packages. Packaging of MPFM in 40 μm thick polypropylene film resulted in development of in-pack equilibrium MA with 10-14% oxygen and 5-8% carbon dioxide during storage. This in-pack MA maintained ‘fresh-like’ sensory properties, biochemical and nutritional quality in MPFM till 15 days of storage. Significant loss of B vitamins was recorded in all packages during low temperature storage. Packaging in 40 μm thick polypropylene film retained B vitamins significantly better than other semipermeable films. Low temperature storage in modified atmosphere conditions enhanced vitamin E content in MPFM. The outcome of the study will benefit the entrepreneurs and retailers for distant transport and storage of fenugreek microgreens in commercial open chillers maintained in supermarkets in their ready-to-cook form.

Mango is an important commercial tropical fruit susceptible to chilling injury (CI) during low temperature storage. Therefore, it is essential to understand the cultivar variations in chilling injury sensitivity and its biochemical basis. Thus, differences in chilling injury response were studied in three mango cultivars namely, 'Alphonso,' 'Dashehari' and 'Banganapalli,' due to their high commercial importance. Fully matured unripe fruits were harvested, cleaned and stored at 8 degrees C for 21 days. The cultivar 'Dashehari' exhibited less chilling injury compared to cvs. 'Alphonso' and 'Banganapalli'. Antioxidant activity of enzymes and concentration of carotenoid was high in cv. 'Alphonso' compared to the other two cultivars. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower in cv. 'Alphonso' compared to the other two cultivars. 'Dashehari' contains higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids compared to the other cultivars analysed. This finding could explain the higher chilling tolerance of 'Dashehari' since unsaturated fatty acids are associated with chilling tolerance.

Discharge of synthetic dyes from industries without treatment leads to major environmental problems. Present research highlighted the Mn-doped ZnO along with UV-induced photo degradation of Congo red (CR) dye through batch study. The synthesized Mn-doped ZnO (MDZO) was characterized by Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed that MDZO along with UV exposure degraded the CR dye up to 99.3% at concentration 4 mg/L, pH (7), adsorbent dose (0.6 g/L) and contact time (30 min). The degradation data nicely fitted with pseudo-secondary kinetics and the thermodynamic study suggest the said reaction is exothermic in nature. A statistical method, central composite design (CCD) was used to screen out the optimized condition of dye degradation. The interactions of main factors and optimal conditions were also evaluated by 3D surface plots. The statistical output clearly demonstrates that the dye degradation data is nicely fitted with very high goodness of fit and F value (86.19). Present research clearly suggested that Mn-doped ZnO along with UV could be an effective treatment towards degradation of Congo red dye.

Non-destructive test (NDT) is a fast, easy, cost-effective in-situ method of inspecting, testing, evaluating the different materials, component assemblies, etc. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test is one of the best NDT methods frequently used for cement concrete for evaluating various parameters e.g., strength, life, crack depth, corrosion, etc. Conventional destructive test (e.g., Marshall Test) is performed to determine the optimum bitumen content (OBC) and various Marshall parameters of bituminous concrete. Destructive tests are laborious, time-consuming, costly, moreover; it is impossible to find the in-situ characteristics of pavement by destructive test. In recent times, the UPV test has been emerging for bituminous concrete work. However, much reliability of non-destructive test on bituminous mix has not been developed. In this study, the Proceq UPV apparatus has been used to determine the dynamic modulus by a non-destructive test. To implement such study different proportions of virgin aggregate and of RAP material such as 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60 and 50:50 % was utilized to fabricate the bituminous concrete (BC). Correlations between dynamic modulus and stability, flow value, density, OBC (Optimum bitumen content) have been developed. These correlations can predict Marshall strength and parameters of conventional and non-conventional bituminous mix using the UPV apparatus. The results suggested that the 40:60% RAP-modified BC mix has executed superior results than the other mixes.

This paper investigates the strength and durability characteristics of nanomaterial stabilized sand–pond ash–lime mix. This experimental program determined the physical properties and chemical composition of the reagents like sand, lime, pond ash, and nanomaterials (Terrasil and Zycobond). Various geotechnical tests like modified CBR, UCS, Triaxial strength test, and slake durability test are conducted on the nanomaterial stabilized samples in various dosages (Terrasil:Zycobond:Water = 1:1:150; 1:1:200; 1:1:250, 1:1:300, 1:1:350, 1:1:400). The results obtained showed that adding nanomaterial solution in the ratio of 1:1:300 provided CBR of 79

This paper reports moisture damage analyses of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregate-enriched bituminous concrete (BC). This investigation determines the effective RAP aggregate percentage for producing a moisture-resistive 19-mm nominal-sized aggregate-enriched BC mix. To execute such a study, virgin aggregate (VA) has been replaced by 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 75%, and 100% RAP aggregate a on random selection basis at laboratory scale to explore the effect of each sample in BC mix. After calculating the optimum bitumen contents (OBCs) for the aforementioned BC mixes via the Marshall mix design, a moisture damage analysis was conducted using a modified Marshall immersion test. Experimental results show that 50% RAP aggregate-enriched BC mix may be used in low-volume roads in colder regions containing 0.07% less OBC than conventional BC mix. That mix may have 83.71% moisture damage resistive potency up to a 7-day immersion period. This improvement is due to the presence of a sufficient amount of carbonyl compound in the binder. Quantifying such compounds in the bitumen has been done by Fourier transform infrared analysis of the bitumen, as reported in the literature (Karmakar et al. 2018; Karmakar and Roy 2021). The moisture resistive potency of the 50% RAP aggregate-enriched BC mixes has also been confirmed by the indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, energy loss ratio test, and boiling water test. The results of those tests revealed that the presence of carbonyl compound in the binder of 50% RAP-enriched BC mix elevates the mix's flexural resistance against moisture damage for a 4-day immersion period due to having 1.15% more coating ability than a virgin binder.

India has a large number of exotic/indigenous fruit crops due to the diverse agro-climatic conditions. These fruits, native or introduced, have unique nutritional value and health benefits. Discussed here is the nutritional parameters, secondary metabolites and antioxidant properties of promising collections of four potentially important fruit crops, but as yet underutilized due to low consumer preference in India: four elite clones of avocado (Persia americana Mill.), three promising lines of karonda (Carissa Carandas), six accessions of pummelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) and three accessions of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum var. lappaceum). The primary and secondary metabolites content, profile of phenolics and antioxidant activity is compared among the four fruits and among the collections of each species, where significant variability was observed. This study revealed that sugar content is higher in pummelo (collections P-3 and P-45), and rambutan (R-XIX-2); avocado pulp contained more dietary fiber (37-47%) and fat (13-34%), oleic acid being the predominant fatty acid; the yellow pulp collections (CHESP-3 and CHESP-8) of pummelo contained higher vitamin C content (50-95 mg dL-1). Phenol and flavonoid content were higher in the karonda collections CHES V/8 and 11/7, as also in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP). The also reported here. These fruits contribute to nutripromoted.

Anthocyanins are biocolorants which have gained momentum owing to their extensive range of colors and antioxidant activity which has great potential in food, pharmaceutical, textile and cosmetic industries. China aster became popular among the consumers due to its myriad colors. To find out the pigment composition responsible for flower color, fifteen genotypes of China aster were studied using liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The flower color analysis indicated that the 15 genotypes of China aster grouped into seven groups viz., red purple, red, purple, purple violet, violet, white and yellow. Flower petals were evaluated for color through Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart (RHSCC) and calorimeter that resulted in most of the genotypes were categorized under red purple group. The flower color in China aster is due to the presence of three primary anthocyanidins namely cyanidin, pelargonidin and delphinidin. A total of 4 anthocyanins namely cyanidin, pelargonidin, delphinidin and malvidin were identified and quantified. The genotype Arka Violet Cushion was the richest source of anthocyanins (469.36 mg/100 g FW) and IIHRJ22, the poorest (1.17 mg/100 g FW). Genotype Arka Violet Cushion recorded highest for both the cyanidin and delphinidin, however, pelargonidin was recorded highest in Matsumoto Red. The genotype Arka Violet Cushion has been identified with highest anthocyanin can be exploited commercially for bio-color synthesis. The trend of decreased L* value of Color Reader with increased total anthocyanin content was observed in red purple and purple group. The correlation between L* value and total anthocyanin content was not observed in white and violet group. The results revealed that the white and yellow group has very low anthocyanin content which indicates the presence of co-pigmentation in China aster. Arka Violet Cushion recorded 2-3 times higher anthocyanin content than the commercial sources viz., Clitorea ternatea, Centaurea cyanus and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, which can be exploited commercially for bio color synthesis. (c) 2021 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) has multifactorial etiology and there are lots of grey zone in understanding its complex pathophysiology. There is no silver bullet for optimal care of CKD. Oxidative stress being well understood and considered as an important common progressive factor for CKD of different etiology. Several research studies focused on reducing oxidative stress and have shown diverse outcomes. In this randomized, open-label, three arms, controlled, single center study we evaluated the role of N acetylcysteine which is a direct scavenger of free radical, in combination with taurine and pyridoxamine in retarding the progression of non-diabetic kidney disease.METHODS:69 non-dialysis, non-diabetic patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure with GFR more than 15 ml/min/1.73m2 and less than 60ml/min/1.73m2 receiving standard of care were enrolled in the study, of which 22 were in the placebo arm, 23 treated with NT (500 mg Taurine + 150 mg NAC) arm and 24 in the NP (300mg NAC+ 50mg pyridoxamine di-hydrochloride) arm. The subjects in the treatment arm received the study drug twice a day along with low protein (0.6gm protein per Kg body weight) isocaloric diet with 25-30 Kcal/Kg/D and were evaluated monthly up to 6 months. Change in eGFR accorss 3 groups over 6 months were compared.RESULT:Mean age of the subjects was 57 ± 13 years of 56.25% were male and 43.75% were female. 69 patients completed the study. The Empirical Distribution Function (EDF) of NP group was dominant over control and NT group indicating a positive effect of NT on non-diabetic CKD at 10% level of significance. In the subgroup analysis a significant effect was observed in the cases of patients receiving NP with baseline eGFR more than 45 ml/min. The mean increase in eGFR readings over six months was 8.15 units higher in the NP group than in the control group. The two-sided p-values of the t-test, the Wilcoxon test and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were 0.0496, 0.0316 and 0.0354, respectively. Thus, all the three tests reject the hypothesis of identical changes in eGFR at the 5% level. In subjects with bicarbonate more than 22 mg/dl, the mean increase in eGFR over six months was 10.86 units higher in the NP group than in the control group indicating NP has a positive effect on increasing eGFR over 6 months, in patients without the presence of any metabolic acidosis. The two-sided p-vales of the t-test, the Wilcoxon test and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were 0.0325, 0.0205 and 0.1495, respectively. Thus, two of the three tests reject the hypothesis of identical changes in eGFR at the 5% level which clearly indicates that NP had better efficacy than other groups.CONCLUSION:N-acetyl cysteine along with pyridoxine may be a useful intervention along with a low protein diet in retarding progression of CKD in the nondiabetic population in early CKD.

Utilizing pond ash (PA) deposited in ash lagoons generated from thermal power plants (TPPs) as subbase material for hardstand foundation not only helps the cause of residual waste disposal problem but also solves associated shortcomings like, lower utility and degrading environmental impact for prolonged deposition. However, the property of the PA varies not only among various TPP but also within a single ash lagoon, depending on the point of deposition and subsequent settlement. This study presents detailed analysis of chemical, physical, morphological, and mineralogical properties of inflow and outflow PA within the same ash lagoon. Local sand (LS) has been used as conventional granular subbase material. A comparative analysis of the respective material properties has been drawn to access the feasibility of PA as subbase material, substituting sand. The results showed CBR ranging from 16.63 to 17.19% for standard compacted unsoaked samples, 23.55–24.17% for modified compacted-soaked samples of PA, compared to 25.08 and 32.96% of LS. Consolidated drained triaxial tests showed cohesiveness and φ value 32° for PA samples compared to 40° for LS. FESEM explained distinguished morphological forms of the mineral and showed the presence of microspheres in PA. XRD detected alumina-silicates, cristobalite, anorthite and showed PA particle size is directly proportional to its pozzolanic reactivity. FTIR detected presence of hydroxyl (–OH) stretches and (H–O–H) vibrations along with bond water molecule bending, revealing its pozzolanic nature. Finally, LFWD test provides 1.7% less peak surface deflection than LS predicting PA’s favorably as supplementary granular material for hardstand subbase layer.

Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test has been used for decades to evaluate the performance of cement concrete. But in recent ages, the use of the UPV test for bituminous concrete (BC) has been increased worldwide. Evaluation of the moisture damage effect of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) enriched BC in terms of dynamic modulus, obtained by UPV test, is a holistic approach of the present study. Several percentages of RAP such as 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 75% and 100% were used to prepare bituminous concrete mix in view to determine the percentage of RAP aggregate which produces the highest moisture resistive bituminous concrete mix. Marshall mix design method was applied to achieve the Marshall volumetric parameters and different optimum bitumen contents (OBCs). In this present study, the UPV test on RAP modified BC mix was carried out to determine the dynamic modulus at pre-estimated OBCs at prolonged soaking period (i.e., 0, 1, 4, and 7th days), by maintaining the temperature of the water bath at 60 degrees C. The results of the investigation explored that 50% RAP modified bituminous mix performed better than the other studied mixes in terms of dynamic modulus from the UPV test with 0.03% less bitumen content than the control mix. So, the 50% RAP material in the BC may be considered to produce the most durable and moisture resistive bituminous mix and it serves the longer span life of the flexible pavement. Copyright (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mango fruit is severely affected by chilling injury during storage at low temperatures. The molecular and biochemical processes occurring in fruits during the course of chilling injury development are not yet completely understood. The current study was carried out using the fruits of mango cv. Alphonso. Fruits were exposed to two treatments comprising temperature gradient storage (TGS) and low-temperature (5 °C) storage for 10, 20 and 30 days and compared with the room-temperature ripened fruits (control). The generation of free radicals and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), leakage of electrolytes (EL), fatty acids, chlorophyll and total carotenoids were significantly affected in 5 °C stored fruits compared to control and TGS. Significant increase was observed in free radical generation and antioxidant enzyme activities at 5 °C storage. Consequently, the peroxidation of lipids and protein carbonyls were also significantly higher in low-temperature stored fruits. Unsaturated fatty acids were markedly reduced during the first 20 days at 5 °C leading to severe membrane leakage compared to TGS. Gene expression of Fatty Acid Desaturase (FAD), Peroxidase (POD) and Glutathione Reductase (GR) correlated with the observed increase in the level of unsaturated fatty acids, indicating the roles of these enzymes in cold stress-induced membrane changes. Out study has shown that the TGS treatment significantly reduces chilling injury by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids and also by reducing the peroxidation of lipids and protein carbonyls when compared to storage at 5 °C.

The composition of metabolites in the rind of ripe fruits of Garcinia indica was analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The fruits were particularly rich in hydroxycitric acid (15.60-22.92 g/100 g), which makes them a suitable candidate for weight-loss supplements; in anthocyanin (4.47-7.08 mg/g), a value much higher than that recorded for the majority of fruits and vegetables, which makes the fruit a good source of natural colour; and in phenolics, making it a good source of antioxidants as well (given the significant correlation between total phenolics and flavonoids and antioxidant activity). A total of 38 anthocyanin compounds were identified, most of them for the first time. Cyanidin-3-sambubioside, peonidin-3arabinoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside were the major anthocyanins. Of the 30 individual phenolic compounds identified, ortho/para coumaric acid, naringenin, and apigenin were particularly abundant, which have myriad industrial applications. The first principal component (PC1) explained 93.05% of the total variability and was positively correlated to hydroxycitric acid, apigenin, and catechin. Clustering and heat map enabled the most suitable accessions for different bioactive compounds to be identified. Overall, the present study highlights G. indica as a rich, new, and sustainable source of bioactive substances with food, pharmaceutical, and other industrial applications.

The lack of temperature susceptibility in the flexible pavement in tropical zones has prompted the search for economically realistic alternatives for road construction. The current study utilized saw dust ash (SDA) as an alternative filler in the construction of flexible pavements in view to overcome such issue which is profusely obtained from the industry as waste material. Temperature susceptibility of SDA mod-ified bituminous concrete (BC) was determined by the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test is the "state -of-art" of this investigation. However, to implement such study, several percentages of SDA (2, 4, 6, and 8%) were considered for preparing thermal resistance BC mix, and 2% ordinary Portland cement (OPC-43) was also used to prepare the control mix. Marshall method was adopted to accomplish the Marshall vol-umetrics properties and optimum binder contents (OBCs). After that, the dynamic modulus was esti-mated at six nominal temperatures of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 45 degrees C to quantify the temperature impact on SDA modified BC mixes pavement as well as on controlled mix. Eventually, the Cantabro abrasion and indirect tensile strength tests (ITS) were conducted on the prepared samples. Finally, the graph was drawn between dynamic modulus and Cantabro abrasion loss to assess the change of dynamic mod-ulus of SDA modified BC mixes at above mentioned six nominal temperatures, as stated earlier. The results revealed that 8% SDA modified BC mix may be performed significantly in colder zones with a con-sumption of 0.22% lower OBC than the control mix. Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 2022 International Con-ference on Materials and Sustainable Manufacturing Technology.

Scrutinization of effective filler between Basalt dust and Portland pozzolanic cement (PPC) on mixed plastic (MP) modified HMA by its chemical and mechanical analysis is the state-of-art in this investigation. Experimental results have depicted that inclusion of PPC in the MP modified HMA has increased it stiffness around 51% compared to control HMA. Furthermore, it has been explored that existence of "Ca" in the PPC has increased the moisture damage resistivity of the cited HMA.

The backbone of power capacity addition in India has always been the coal-based thermal power gener-ation. The thermal power stations has been fueled by the coal produced in India, which are predomi-nantly low grade with 30-22% ash content. The ever-growing disposal problem of the Pond Ash (PA) generated by these thermal power stations, on account of using the high ash content coal having, gran-ular particle sizes has become a huge issue. The associated environmental hazard is the primary coencern along with the dumping zone, which covers large hectares of land over a prolonged period. On the other hand, a strictly regulated sand mining scenario restricted the progress of the construction activities in the related field. So effective reuse of such industrial waste by replacing the conventional granular material, may overcome the environmental and health hazard, as well as speed up the construction activities. Moreover, the PA will find effective bulk usage. Prior Investigational works have shown improvement in the geotechnical properties of stabilized coal combustion ash. This study involves sand and PA blended in varying proportions from 0%-100% at an increment of 10% by weight of sand, with addition of lime (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7% and 8% by weight of sand) as stabilizer. The un-soaked bearing ratio of sand - PA optimum mix with different lime content was observed. The results indicated a considerable rise in the bearing ratio up to 4% lime content which gradually reduces on further addition. Experimental results showed a maximum CBR of 32.85% for standard compaction un-soaked sample. Sand - PA - Lime samples were further tested for their UCS values after curing them for 7, 14, and 28 days. The results maxed out at 0.8 MPa for 28 days curing at 4% lime content. Slake Durability Indices showed high to medium-high durability value for the optimum mix. Chemical composition of lime and PA along with XRD and FESEM of PA sample was also conducted to characterize the sample. The test outcomes satisfied the MORD and MORTH requirements to use the sand (71%): PA (25%): lime (4%) as suitable subbase material for pavement foundation construction as cost-effective mix proportion. Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Confer-ence on Advances in Construction Materials and Structures.