The purpose of this study was to clone and characterize the ZFP36L1 (zinc finger protein 36-like 1) gene, clarify its expression characteristics, and elucidate its expression patterns in different tissues of goats. Samples of 15 tissues from Jianzhou big-eared goats, including heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney were collected. Goat ZFP36L1 gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), then the gene and protein sequence were analyzed by online tools. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of ZFP36L1 in intramuscular preadipocytes in different tissues and adipocytes of goat at different differentiation stages. The results showed that the length of ZFR36L1 gene was 1 224 bp, and the coding sequence (CDS) region was 1 017 bp, encoding 338 amino acids, which was a non-secretory unstable protein mainly located in nucleus and cytoplasm. Tissue expression profile showed that ZFP36L1 gene was expressed in all selected tissues. In visceral tissues, the small intestine showed the highest expression level (P < 0.01). In muscle tissue, the highest expression level was presented in longissimus dorsi muscle (P < 0.01), whereas the expression level in subcutaneous adipose tissue was significantly higher than that in other tissues (P < 0.01). The results of induced differentiation showed that the expression of this gene was up-regulated during adipogenic differentiation of intramuscular precursor adipocytes (P < 0.01). These data may help to clarify the biological function of the ZFP36L1 gene in goat.

PDZK1-interacting protein 1(PDZK1IP1), also known as MAP17, is encoded by the PDZK1IP1 gene and is a membrane-associated protein. PDZK1IP1 have been proven to be a potent regulator of cancer cell proliferation. However, the role of PDZK1IP1 in regulating goat subcutaneous preadipocyte proliferation is unknown. Here, we cloned the full-length coding sequence of PDZK1IP1 gene, investigated the potential functional of PDZK1IP1 in goat subcutaneous preadipocyte proliferation by gaining or losing function in vitro. Our results indicated that goat PDZK1IP1 gene consists of 345 bp, encoding a protein of 114 amino acids containing a typical PDZK1IP1 (MAP17) super family domain. Overexpression of PDZK1IP1 significantly increased the number of EdU-positive cells and cell viability, and also upregulated mRNA expression of cell proliferation-associated genes including CCND1 and CDK2 in vitro cultured cells. Conversely, knockdown of PDZK1IP1 mediated by siRNA technique significantly inhibited subcutaneous preadipocyte proliferation and downregulated mRNA expression of cell proliferation-associated genes including CCNE1, CCND1 and CDK2. Collectively, these results suggested that PDZK1IP1 can promote proliferation of goat subcutaneous preadipocyte.

以成年健康简州大耳羊为实验动物,利用RT-PCR技术克隆山羊ZNF32基因.利用生物信息学方法对其进行表达特性分析,并利用实时荧光定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR,qPCR)技术检测ZNF32在山羊各组织中和诱导分化不同阶段的皮下脂肪细胞中的表达水平.同时构建过表达载体并利用qPCR技术检测过表达或干扰ZNF32对增殖抑制相关基因表达的影响,探究其对山羊皮下前体脂肪细胞增殖的作用.结果显示,克隆所得山羊ZNF32核苷酸序列长度为1049 bp,其中CDS区长为822 bp,编码273个氨基酸;ZNF32分子量为30983.03 Da,理论等电点为9.52,亲水性平均值为-0.813;在氨基酸序列组成中,丝氨酸含量为9.2％,占比最高;蛋白质二级结构预测显示,149个氨基酸形成无规卷曲,含量最高;氨基酸同源性比对结果显示,简州大耳羊与绵羊氨基酸序列相似性最高且在进化上亲缘关系最近;组织表达谱表明,ZNF32基因在山羊各个组织中广泛表达,其中在大肠中表达量最高(P<0.01);时序表达谱表明,ZNF32基因表达水平呈上升趋势,在96 h表达量达到最高,极显著高于分化前(P<0.01);qPCR技术检测结果表明,过表达ZNF32基因抑制增殖抑制相关基因p27和p57的表达,干扰ZNF32基因促进p21、p27、p53及p57的表达.以上结果表明,ZNF32基因可能是山羊皮下脂肪细胞分化和增殖的正调控因子.

In this study, we cloned the complete sequence coding for aminoacids in protein (CDS) of goat ST13 gene, analyzed the bioinformation of it, and explored the expression pattern in different goat tissues and goat subcutaneous preadipocytes at different differentiation stages. To be specific, ST13 gene was cloned by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and the bioinformation was analyzed by online tools or software. The expression in various goat tissues and subcutaneous preadipocytes at different differentiation stages was detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed that the cloned goat ST13 gene was 1 380 bp, with CDS of 1 101 bp, encoding 366 amino acids. Protein prediction results showed that ST13 had 26 phosphorylation sites and that some sequences were highly hydrophilic and unstable. Moreover, ST13 was a non-transmembrane and non-secretory protein. Subcellular localization demonstrated that ST13 was mostly distributed in the nucleus (69.6%). Phylogeny analysis suggested that goat ST13 had the highest identity to sheep ST13. Tissue expression pattern showed that ST13 gene expressed in all of the collected 13 tissues of goat, including heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, especially in triceps brachii and subcutaneous fat (P < 0.01) and that the expression among heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine, small intestine and pancreas was insignificantly different (P > 0.05). In addition, according to the temporal expression pattern in adipocytes, the expression of ST13 was up-regulated in differentiated adipocytes, and the expression was the highest at the 108th hour of induction, significantly higher than that at other time points (P < 0.01). In conclusion, this gene expresses in various tissues of goat and regulates the differentiation of goat subcutaneous adipocytes.

Hoxa5是HOX家族中的一员,在生长发育与肿瘤发生发展过程中发挥着重要作用,但其在反刍动物中的研究较少.为了获得山羊Hoxa5基因序列,明确其表达特征,知悉其在山羊不同组织的表达水平,利用RT-PCR技术,从简州大耳羊的皮下脂肪组织中克隆得到Hoxa5基因序列,用生物信息学的方法分析其生物学特性,用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测Hoxa5基因在简州大耳羊心、肝、脾、肺、肾、背、股、臂等10个组织中的表达情况.结果表明:山羊Hoxa5基因的开放阅读框为813 bp,共编码270个氨基酸.Hoxa5相对分子质量为29.283 ku,等电点为9.42,无信号肽和跨膜结构域,该蛋白属于非分泌蛋白;Hoxa5蛋白的二级结构预测发现,Hoxa5蛋白中无规卷曲含量最高,其次是α螺旋,β转角占总氨基酸数相对较少;氨基酸同源性比对结果显示,简州大耳羊与绵羊、牛、马、猪、黑鼠、豚鼠、小鼠及人的Hoxa5氨基酸序列相似性依次为100.00％,99.63％,99.26％,99.26％,98.89％,98.89％,98.89％和98.15％,说明该基因在不同的物种间具有较高的保守性;实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,Hoxa5基因在山羊的组织中差异表达,在肾脏中表达量最高;构建pEGFP-Hoxa5融合载体转染山羊皮下脂肪细胞后的荧光定位显示该基因主要定位于细胞核中.研究表明,山羊Hoxa5基因在皮下脂肪细胞分化过程上调且蛋白定位于细胞核中,推测该基因可能作为转录因子调控山羊皮下脂肪细胞分化.