This work describes the research and development of a cryogenic pump that is intended for the fuel supply of aircraft engines using advanced low temperature fuel. The basic design is that of a 4-pole reluctance motor. The rotor is constructed from soft iron and BSCCO/Ag laminated material; the latter was developed by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Inorganic Materials. The motor was integrated with a centrifugal cryogenic pump for the cryogenic fuel supply system, developed by the TUPOLEV Company. The results of theoretical modelling and experimental investigations are presented.

We present new types of electric machines with the rotors containing bulk high-temperature superconductor (HTS)—YBCO and Bi–Ag—elements. We discuss different schematics of hysteresis, reluctance, ‘trapped field’ and composed synchronous HTS machines. The two-dimensional mathematical models describing the processes in such types of HTS machines were developed on the basis of the theoretical analysis of the electrodynamic and hysteresis processes in the single-domain and polycrystal YBCO ceramic samples and plate shape Bi–Ag elements. We give the test results of the series of hysteresis, reluctance, ‘trapped field’ and composed with permanent magnets HTS motors with an output power rating of 0.1–18 kW and current frequencies 50 Hz and 400 Hz. These results show that in the media of liquid nitrogen the specific output power per one unit weight of the HTS motor is four to seven times better than for conventional electric machines. A comparison of the theoretical and experimental characteristics of the developed HTS motors show that they are in good agreement. We discuss the test results for a liquid nitrogen cryogenic pump system with a hysteresis 500 W HTS motor. We describe several designs of new HTS motors operating in the media of liquid nitrogen with an output power 125 kW (and more) and a power factor of more than 0.8. We discuss future applications of new types of HTS motors for aerospace technology, on-land industry and transport systems.

This work relates to the investigation of electrical machines having advanced BSCCO/Ag-sheathed elements which are being produced by the well-known technology "powder in tube". That foliate HTS material is being considered to be used in three types of electric machines: reluctance and hysteresis motors and synchronous machines with "trapped magnetic flux". Depending on the thickness, quantity of BSCCO layers and filling factor they are being produced as thin and thick ones. Several small-scale experimental models of the above-mentioned types were developed and tested in liquid nitrogen. The output power rating of reluctance motors with thin and thick HTS elements are 3 and 4 kW respectively. "Trapped field" machine was tested in generator mode for open circuit operation. The value of obtained magnetic flux density in the air gap is 0.8 T.

Novel types of electric HTS motors with the rotor containing bulk YBCO and Bi–Ag elements are presented. Different schematics of hysteresis, reluctance “trapped field” and composed HTS motors are discussed. Two-dimensional mathematical models describing the processes in these types of HTS machines were developed on the basis of a theoretical analysis of the electrodynamic and hysteresis processes in multi-domain and single-domain HTS ceramic samples. The test results of these HTS motors with output power 1–37 kW and current frequencies 50 and 400 Hz are given. The results show that in liquid nitrogen the specific output power per one weight unit is 4–5 times better then for conventional electric machines. The design of a new high power HTS motor operating in the liquid nitrogen with output power 200 kW (and more) is discussed. Future applications of new types of HTS motors for airspace and on-land industry and transport systems are discussed.

New types of electric machines with the rotors containing bulk HTS (YBCO and Bi-Ag) elements are presented. Different schematics of hysteresis, reluctance, "trapped field" and composed synchronous HTS machines are discussed. The two-dimensional mathematical models describing the processes in such types of HTS machines were developed on the basis of the theoretical analysis of the electrodynamic and hysteresis processes in the single-domain and policrystal YBCO ceramic samples and plate shape Bi-Ag elements. The test results of the series of hysteresis, reluctance, "trapped field" and composed with permanent magnets HTS motors with output power rating 0.1-18 kW and current frequency 50 Hz and 400 Hz are given. These results show that in the media of liquid nitrogen the specific output power per one weight unit of HTS motors is 4-7 times better then for conventional electric machines. Comparison of the theoretical and experimental characteristics of the developed HTS motors show that they are in good agreement. The test results for liquid nitrogen cryogenic pump system with hysteresis 500 W HTS motor are discussed. Several designs of new HTS motors operating in the media of liquid nitrogen with output power 125 kW (and more) and power factor more then 0.8 are described. Future applications of new types of HTS motors for aerospace technology, on-land industry and transport systems are discussed.

New types of electric machines with the rotors containing bulk HTS (YBCO and Bi-Ag) elements are presented. Different schematics of hysteresis, reluctance, "trapped field" and composed synchronous HTS machines are discussed. The two-dimensional mathematical models describing the processes in such types of HTS machines were developed on the basis of the theoretical analysis of the electrodynamic and hysteresis processes in the single-domain and policrystal YBCO ceramic samples and plate shape Bi-Ag elements. The test results of the series of hysteresis, reluctance, "trapped field" and composed with permanent magnet HTS motors with output power rating 0.1-18 kW and current frequency 50 Hz and 400 Hz are given. These results show that in the media of liquid nitrogen the specific output power per one weight unit of HTS motors is 4-7 times better then for conventional electric machines. Comparison of the theoretical and experimental characteristics of the developed HTS motors show that they are in good agreement. The test results for liquid nitrogen cryogenic pump system with hysteresis 500 W HTS motor are discussed. Several designs of new HTS motors operating in the media of liquid nitrogen with output power 125 kW (and more) and power factor more then 0.8 are described. Future applications of new types of HTS motors for aerospace technology, on-land industry and transport systems are discussed.

Novel types of electric HTS motors with the rotor containing bulk YBCO elements are presented. Different schematics of hysteresis, reluctance “trapped field” and composed HTS motors are discussed. The two-dimensional mathematical models describing the processes in such types of HTS machines were developed on the basis of the theoretical analysis of the electrodynamic and hysteresis processes in the multi-domain and single-domain YBCO ceramic samples. The test results of the series of these HTS motors with output power 1–20 kW and current frequency 50 and 400 Hz are given. These results show that in the media of liquid nitrogen the specific output power per one weight unit is four to five times better then for conventional electric machines. The design of a new high power HTS motor operating in the liquid nitrogen with output power 200 kW (and more) is discussed. Future applications of new types of HTS motors for airspace and on-land industry and transport systems are discussed.

Two types of alternators are considered. The first is a synchronous machine containing a stationary field winding made from HTSC Bi-based wire placed into a cryostat, which is cooled by liquid hydrogen (LH). The three phase armature winding is made from copper wire and is on the rotor. This small-scale prototype ac generator is intended for the investigation of ac losses in the HTSC field winding. These results will be used for the development of a 0.7 MVA alternator with HTSC field winding and a pure aluminium armature, both being cooled by LH. The second alternator is an electrical machine consisting of a conventional three phase stator winding and the rotor is constructed from bulk YBCO elements. Calculating results for construction of the alternator model with HTSC coils showed that this machine provides the output power 3 kVA for rotating speed 12000 rpm. Test results far second type of alternator with the bulk HTSC elements obtained in the medium of liquid nitrogen are presented.