The yrast and nonyrast states of 126 Te were populated in a fusion -evaporation reaction using a target of 124 Sn and alpha beam at 31 MeV energy. All the gamma - gamma coincidences were recorded using the Indian National Gamma Array at the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, India, and processed by a digital data -acquisition system. The level scheme was enriched with the addition of 65 new transitions and the identification of five new structures. Spin and parity assignments were made and the subsequent results were interpreted in the framework of the nuclear shell model using the large-scale shell -model code ANTOINE .

High-spin positive parity states of $^{50}\mathrm{V}$, populated through the $^{48}\mathrm{Ti}(^{4}\mathrm{He},np)^{50}\mathrm{V}$ reaction with a 48 MeV $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ beam, have been studied using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) facility. A few new levels and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray transitions have been added to the level scheme utilizing the results of intensity, directional correlation, and linear polarization measurements. Lifetimes of a few excited states have been measured for the first time using the Doppler shift attenuation method (DSAM). Large basis shell model calculations have been performed within the $fp$ valence space to understand the microscopic origin of the excited states. Apart from the ground state yrast band [having a $\ensuremath{\pi}(1{f}_{7/2}^{3})\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\ensuremath{\nu}(1{f}_{7/2}^{7})$ particle configuration], a non-yrast band with a $\ensuremath{\pi}(1{f}_{7/2}^{3})\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\ensuremath{\nu}(1{f}_{7/2}^{6},2{p}_{3/2}^{1})$ particle configuration has also been identified. The interplay between single-particle and collective modes of excitation have been investigated in the observed bands by analyzing the particle partitions and spectroscopic quadrupole moments, both calculated using large basis shell model calculations.

High -spin positive parity states of 50 V, populated through the 48 Ti( 4 He , np ) 50 V reaction with a 48 MeV alpha beam, have been studied using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) facility. A few new levels and gamma -ray transitions have been added to the level scheme utilizing the results of intensity, directional correlation, and linear polarization measurements. Lifetimes of a few excited states have been measured for the first time using the Doppler shift attenuation method (DSAM). Large basis shell model calculations have been performed within the f p valence space to understand the microscopic origin of the excited states. Apart from the ground state yrast band [having a pi (1 f 3 7 /2 ) (R) nu (1 f 77 /2 ) particle configuration], a non-yrast band with a pi (1 f 37 /2 ) (R) nu (1 f 6 7 /2 , 2 p 1 3 /2 ) particle configuration has also been identified. The interplay between single -particle and collective modes of excitation have been investigated in the observed bands by analyzing the particle partitions and spectroscopic quadrupole moments, both calculated using large basis shell model calculations.

We demonstrate Q-switched pulse generation at the 1562.5 nm region by using a 70 cm long erbium–bismuth co-doped alumina–germania–hafnium–yttria silica glass-based fiber as a gain medium in a simple ring resonator configured without saturable absorber and optical isolator devices. The Q-switching was obtained based on a stimulated Brillouin scattering assisted four-wave mixing effect in the gain medium, which induced the intensity modulation mechanism. The laser produced a multi-wavelength output comb centered at 1562.6 nm with a peak-to-peak spacing of about 0.09 nm due to nonlinear effects. Stable Q-switched operation of a hafnia–bismuth–erbium co-doped fiber laser was obtained at a pump power range of 129–319 mW with the repetition rate varying from 45.9 kHz to 89.3 kHz and the pulse width ranging from 8.8 µ s to 3.58 µ s. A maximum pulse energy of 26.9 nJ at an average output power of 2.4 dBm was achieved. This demonstrates a new passive technique based on a highly nonlinear gain medium for realizing Q-switched all-fiber laser sources.

The low-and medium-spin level structure of 77As nucleus has been investigated using the 76Ge(alpha, p2n) fusion evaporation reaction and the standard in-beam gamma ray spectroscopic technique. The deexciting gamma rays were detected with the Indian National Gamma Array spectrometer comprising Clover and LEPS detectors. The previously known 9/2+ yrast positive-parity band, based on the pi(g9/2) configuration, has been extended to the excitation energy of Ex approximate to 7.5 MeV with J pi = (33/2+). An extension of the high-lying negative-parity band, based on the pi[(g9/2)] circle times nu[(g9/2)(fp)] configuration, has been made up to Ex approximate to 5.1 MeV, J pi = (25/2-). The yrast positive-parity alpha = -1/2 signature partner band has newly been identified and the occurrence of large signature splitting associated with the partner bands have been observed. A quasi-gamma vibrational band structure built on the nonyrast 13/2+ state has also newly been established. The experimental findings have been interpreted on the basis of the predicted results from the total Routhian surface, particle plus triaxial-rotor model, and shell-model calculations. The band crossing phenomena correlated to the nu(g9/2) alignment and the perseverance of triaxial shape up to the highest observed excitation regime of the 9/2+ yrast positive-parity band have been discussed. The evidence for the possible onset of the stapler-like mechanism prevailing in the high-lying negative-parity band structure are presented.

Relative isotopic yield distributions have been extracted for nine correlated fission fragment pairs following a detailed analysis of prompt γ−γ coincidence events from 232Th(α,f) reaction at Elab = 30 MeV. Simultaneously, the charge and mass yield distributions of the even-even fission fragments have been obtained from the measured relative isotopic yields. The onset of a triple-hump structure is seen in the extracted charge as well as mass yield distributions of the fragments. The results are consistent with the two-mode fission hypothesis of compound nucleus and in good agreement with the theoretical predictions, based on relevant fission models. The detailed results provide experimental evidence for the presence of two distinct compound nucleus fission modes, where the asymmetric and symmetric fission components are 83% and 17%, respectively. An average neutron multiplicity value of 4.60 ± 0.09 has been obtained, and the extracted neutron multiplicity distribution pattern corroborates the observed features of the multifaceted fission modes. Comparing the measured yield distributions following the 232Th(α,f) surrogate reaction, which produces 236U⁎ at an excitation energy of 21.5 MeV, with that of the direct reaction of 14 MeV neutron induced fission of 235U, an increase of about 11% in the yield of the symmetric component has been observed.

In an instant search setting such as Netflix Search where results are returned in response to every keystroke, determining how a partial query maps onto broad classes of relevant entities or facets - such as videos, talent, and genres - can facilitate a better understanding of the underlying objective of that query. Such a query-to-facet mapping system has a multitude of applications. It can help improve the quality of search results, drive meaningful result organization, and can be leveraged to establish trust by being transparent with Netflix members when they search for an entity that is not available on the service. By anticipating the relevant facets with each keystroke entry, the system can also better guide the experience within a search session. When aggregated across queries, the facets can reveal interesting patterns of member interest. A key challenge for building such a system is to judiciously balance lexical similarity with behavioral relevance. In this paper, we present a high level overview of a Query Facet Mapping system that we have developed at Netflix, describe its main components, provide evaluation results with real-world data, and outline several potential applications.

Excited states of the Po-203 (Z = 84, N = 119) have been investigated after populating them through Pt-194(C-13, 4n) fusion-evaporation reaction at E-beam = 74 MeV and using a large array of Compton-suppressed HPGe clover detectors as the detection setup for the emitted ?? rays. Standard techniques of gamma-ray spectroscopy have been applied towards establishing the level structure of the nucleus. Twenty five new gamma-ray transitions have been identified therein, through gamma-gamma coincidence measurements, and spin-parity assignments of several states have been determined or confirmed, following the angular correlation and linear polarization measurements on the observed gamma rays. The excited states have been interpreted in the framework of large basis shell-model calculations, while comparing their calculated and experimental energies. They have been principally ascribed to proton population in the h(9/2) and i(13/2) orbitals outside the Z = 82 closure and neutron occupation of the f(5/2), p(3/2), and i(13/2) orbitals in the N = 126 shell.

This publisher's note serves to correct an error in Appl. Opt. 58, 3495 (2019)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.58.003495.

A broadband amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source is demonstrated experimentally by using hafnia-bismuth based erbium co-doped fibers (HB-EDFs) with a total length of 200-cm as an active medium. Both of parallel and series configurations are used to generate a broadband ASE source, operating at 1.5 mu m and that cover S-, C-, and L-bands. The comparison proves that the series configuration provides a relatively larger ASE bandwidth, higher output power, higher efficiency, and lower complexity. At the optimum total pumping power of 280 mW, a broadband ASE source of 57 nm with a power ripple of +/- 7.5 dB is achieved. Besides, a total ASE power of 20.8 mW is obtained, which is equivalent to 7% of the pumping efficiency.

This publisher's note serves to correct an error inAppl. Opt. 58, 3495 (2019). (C) 2022 Optica Publishing Group

Lifetime measurements have been carried out for the levels of the negative parity yrast sequence in $^{103}\mathrm{Pd}$ nucleus using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The levels were populated via $^{94}\mathrm{Zr}(^{13}\mathrm{C}, 4n\ensuremath{\gamma})^{103}\mathrm{Pd}$ fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 55 MeV. De-exciting $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays were detected by utilizing the Indian National Gamma Array. The extracted transition probabilities and other auxiliary observations indicate that the sequence may be resulting from the antimagnetic rotational (AMR) motion of valence nucleons. The key characteristic feature of the AMR motion is the steady decrease of the $B(E2)$ transition probability with spin, which is seen in the present measured transitions for $^{103}\mathrm{Pd}$. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical predictions of tilted axis cranked approach based on the covariant density functional theory. It is noted that the properties of the AMR band structure for $^{103}\mathrm{Pd}$ predicted in this model analysis are in good agreement with the present experimental findings. Further, semi-classical particle-rotor model has been employed to substantiate the AMR interpretation of the observed band structure in $^{103}\mathrm{Pd}$ and it is shown that results are similar to the band structures observed in the neighboring isotopes, which have also been considered as candidates for AMR motion.

A dark pulse multi-wavelength mode-locked fibre laser was demonstrated via the enhanced zirconia-yttria-aluminium co-doped silica fibre (Zr-EDF) as a gain medium with the utilisation of black phosphorus as saturable absorber (BPSA). A self-started dark pulse was accomplished by increasing the pump power and carefully rotating a polarisation controller (PC). Five lasing lines of multi-wavelength were generated with small constant channel spacing of 0.6 nm. The measured fundamental repetition rate was 1 MHz with a pulse duration of 3.46 ps. At output power 9.89 mW, the calculated pulse energy was 9.89 nJ, whereas the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) was as high as 74.8 dB, which confirmed the stability of the dark pulse train.

A flexible and controllable Q-switched using Zirconia-Yttria-Aluminium-Erbium-doped silica fibre as an active gain medium with pencil-core of graphene as saturable absorber (SA) was demonstrated. The zirconia fibre was fabricated using the modified chemical vapour deposition (MCVD) method, whereas the SA was fabricated using a simple and fast preparation of mechanical exfoliation technique from a pencil core of graphene material. At a maximum pump power of 121.5 mW, the repetition rate, pulse duration, signal-to-noise ratio and pulsed energy were 20 kHz, 0.011 μs, 56 dB and 78.1 nJ, respectively

The yrast and nonyrast level structure of the odd-odd As-78 nucleus has been investigated using the standard gamma ray spectroscopic techniques. The excited states of As-78 were populated through Ge-76(alpha, pn) fusion evaporation reaction at the incident beam energies of 30, 35, and 40 MeV. The deexciting gamma rays were detected with the Indian National Gamma Array spectrometer composed of Clover and low-energy photon spectrometer detectors. In addition to the extension of the previously known yrast positive-parity band up to E-x approximate to 2.7 MeV with J = 11h, an excited dipole band-like structure based on the 7((-)), 1243-keV state has also newly been established. Several weak transitions feeding the low-lying nonyrast states have newly been identified and placed in the level scheme. A highly irregular sequence of levels has been observed at the low-excitation regime suggesting the dominance of single-particle excitations. The experimental results have been compared with the predicted results from the large-scale shell-model calculations. The calculated results indicate an enhanced contribution from the intruder pi(1g(9/2)) orbital to the wave function of the positive-parity yrast excited states with J >= 7h. This enhanced contribution is supposed to provide subsequent mild collectivity for the concerned states. The nature of collectivity has been extracted from the total Routhian surface calculations. Evidences for the possible persistence of the stapler like mechanism prevailing in the positive- and negative-parity level sequences are presented.

The intermediate and high-spin states of the Ba-134 nucleus have been investigated up to spin I-pi = (20(-)) using the Sn-124(C-13, 3n) Ba-134 using the Ba reaction at a beam energy of 48 MeV. The R-DCO and polarization asymmetry measurements were carried out to assign the spin and parity of the levels. Three (Delta I = 2) negative parity bands were studied above the 1985.9 keV level having spin I-pi = 5(-). The two quasiparticle nu[h(11/2) circle times (s(1/2)/d(3/2))] configuration has been assigned to these bands based on the systematics of the Ba (even-N) isotopes and similarity in the behavior of signature splitting and B(M1)/B(E2) ratios. Further, two (Delta I = 1) dipole bands have also been observed starting at the 5677.9 and 5284.5 keV levels with spin I-pi = 14(-) and 15(+), respectively. The configuration of these bands was suggested from the systematics of the similar structure in the neighboring nuclei. Tilted axis cranking (TAC) calculations were carried out using the four quasiparticle r [h(11/2)(g(7/2)/d(5/2))] circle times nu[h(11/2)](2) and pi[h(11/2)(g(7/2)/d(5/2))] circle times nu[h(11/2)d(3/2)] configurations for bands D1 and D2, respectively. The TAC calculations and systematic studies of similar structures in the neighboring N = 78 isotones suggest that the dipole band (D1) observed at 5677.9 keV level may have the magnetic rotation character.

A passively Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) operating at 1062 nm was demonstrated by using a segment of 20 cm titanium dioxide-doped fiber saturable absorber (TiO2DF SA). The Q-switched YDFL emerged stably with tunable repetition rates ranging from 32 kHz to 53 kHz as the pump power rose from 109 mW to 233 mW. Within this range of pump power, a maximum output power of 10.1 mW, maximum peak power of 75 mW, and maximum pulse energy of 191 nJ were obtained. The narrowest pulse width of 2.55 μs was attained at the maximum pump power of 233 mW, while the signal-to-noise ratio of the fundamental frequency was 47 dB. This demonstration reveals that the proposed TiO2DF SA is feasible for constructing a flexible and reliably stable Q-switched pulsed fiber laser in the 1-micrometer region.

The optical amplification performance of the proposed Zirconia Yttria Aluminum Erbium co-doped fiber (Zr-EDF) was compared for two different pumping schemes; 1480 and 980[Formula: see text]nm. An efficient [Formula: see text]-band amplifier was achieved using 3[Formula: see text]m length of Zr-EDF while 1480[Formula: see text]nm pumping is found to provide higher attainable gain and better noise figure as compared to 980[Formula: see text]nm pumping. At a pumping wavelength of 1480[Formula: see text]nm and an input signal power of [Formula: see text]10[Formula: see text]dBm, the proposed amplifier provides a relatively flat-gain of about 13.3[Formula: see text]and 17.3[Formula: see text]dB with single-pass and double-pass configuration, respectively, where the gain variation was less than 1[Formula: see text]dB within a wavelength region of 1560–1600[Formula: see text]nm. The noise figures of the proposed Zr-EDFA were maintained below 8 and 14.5[Formula: see text]dB for single-pass and double-pass arrangement, respectively, within the flat-gain region. Compared to the conventional amplifier configured with silica based erbium-doped fiber amplifier, the proposed Zr-EDF-based amplifier achieves a higher and flatter gain and lower noise figure at [Formula: see text]-band region even though it uses a shorter length of gain medium.

A modern wideband and flat gain erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is suggested and accomplished, by employing a recently fabricated hafnia-bismuth-erbium doped fiber (HB-EDF) and zirconia-erbium doped fiber (Zr-EDF) as a hybrid active fiber. The performance of the proposed EDFA is examined in both forward and backward pumping schemes, using 0.5 m long HB-EDF and 4 m long Zr-EDF in series structure to fulfill a wideband amplification that cover C-and L-telecommunication bands, respectively. At the optimum laser diodes powers, the backward pumping amplifier attained a gain flatness of 14.6 dB with the maximum gain variation of +/- 1.8 dB, throughout a wide bandwidth of 70 nm, that is from 1530 nm to 1600 nm. The noise figure fluctuates from 4.3 dB to 7.9 dB within the gain flatness band. Using the backward pumping distribution technique, the proposed amplifier demonstrates not only an efficient performance, but also a cost reduction since only one laser diode is utilized to pump two stages.

We demonstrated and compared picoseconds pulsed fiber lasers based on Titanium dioxide based saturable absorbers (SAs); 20 cm long Titanium dioxide-doped fiber (TiO2DF) and Titanium dioxide PVA film (TiO2PF) in the 1.5-micron region. The laser cavity utilized 2.4 m long Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) as the gain medium. A self-starting pulsed laser with a consistent repetition rate of ∼1 MHz emerged stably with the incorporation of TiO2 based SAs. The TiO2DF SA produced 9.74 ps pulsed laser at a central wavelength of 1553 nm within a pump power range of 106-142 mW. The fiber SA promoted slightly higher slope efficiency and maximum pulse energy of 13.17% and 8.56 nJ, respectively in comparison with the film SA. On the other hand, the TiO2PF SA generated stable 3.89 ps pulsed laser at an operating wavelength of 1560 nm within 86-142 mW pump power range. The film SA also produced slightly greater maximum output power of 12.17 mW and maximum peak power of 3.43 kW, respectively at the maximum pump power. The results confirmed that both TiO2 SAs can be good alternative pulse modulator in the 1.5-micron region.