The composition of Scotch pine oleoresin in concentrated and dilute solutions in eight deuterated solvents and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was studied by an NMR method. Dilute solutions in CDCl3, CD2Cl2, and HOAc-d(4) were found to contain significantly less levopimaric acid than the concentrated ones while the amount of abietic acid simultaneously increased. It was assumed that the high isomerization rate of levopimaric acid to abietic acid in the dilute solutions at room temperature was due to catalytic reactions associated with the acidic nature of the solvents, which must be taken into account when performing NMR analysis. Reactions with atmospheric oxygen occurred with the formation of dehydroabietic acid during aging of the oleoresin. A comparative analysis showed that deuterated benzene was the most acceptable solvent when determining the composition of the oleoresin by an NMR method.

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of isomerization products of 3-carene over acid-treated glauconite were established using NMR and GC methods. Chemical shifts of 1H and 13C nuclei of identified compounds were assigned. A possible mechanism of the isomerization transformations was proposed.

The thermal conversion of calcium sulfite into calcium sulfate in air was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and ESR and IR spectroscopy. The water of crystallization of CaSO 3 · 0.5H 2 O was found to be involved in the formation of the heat-generated radical ion SO 2 − . A thermolysis mechanism is suggested.

We have used EPR to study oak bark, bulb onion peel, and their aqueous extracts. We have established that their paramagnetic properties are determined by at least four types of paramagnetic centers: semiquinone radicals, Fe 3+ ions, and two types of Mn 2+ ions. We have observed that metal ions are extracted by water from the plant raw material without any change in their original coordination environment. The aqueous extracts were subjected to oxidative processes: mild oxidation in the dried state, strong oxidation when stored as solutions. We have shown that when the solutions are stored, the oxidation reaction is catalyzed by the metal ions and is accompanied by formation of semiquinone radicals.

We have used EPR to study the effect of γ radiation on calcium sulfite. We have observed and identified the radiation-induced radical ions SO 2 − (iso) with g = 2.0055 and SO 2 − (orth-1) with g1 = 2.0093, g2 = 2.0051, g3 = 2.0020, identical to the initial and thermally induced SO 2 − respectively, SO 3 − (iso) with g = 2.0031 and SO 3 − (axial) with g⊥ = 2.0040, g∥ = 2.0023, identical to mechanically induced SO 3 − . We have established the participation of radiation-induced radical ions SO 3 − in formation of post-radiation SO 2 − .

It was shown that the mechanism of thermostabilization of the substituted chromium form of the fibrous sulfo cation-exchanger Fiban K-1 is due to the formation of chromium complexes and polystyrene sulfonicacid and then sulfates.

Using the EPR- and IR-spectroscopy methods, we studied the conditions of formation of stable ion-radicals in the structure of calcium sulfite and determined the limits of their stability. We detected and identified the ion-radicals SO 2 − with g(iso) = 2.0055 in the initial substances, two types of thermally induced SO 2 − (with g 1 = 2.0093, g 2 = 2.0045, and g 3 = 2.0020, and g 1 = 2.0104, g 2 = 2.0049, and g 3 = 2.0018) when the substance was heated, and three types of mechanically induced SO 3 − (with g ⊥ = 2.0036 and g ‖ = 2.0022, with g(iso) = 2.0033 and ΔH = 0.1 mT and with g(iso) = 2.0031 and ΔH = 0.33 mT) when the substance was ground up.

An analysis of the experimental EPR spectrum of γ-irradiated barium dithionate is made. Based on the data obtained, a model of this spectrum is constructed. It is shown that the spectrum results from superposition of four individual signals, for which the following values of the g-factor components have been determined: for I g ⊥ = 2.0097, g ∥ = 2.0044; for II g ⊥ = 2.0069, g ∥ = 2.0023; for III g ⊥ = 2.0042, g ∥ = 2.0032; for IV g ⊥ = 2.0002 and g ∥ = 2.0032.

A simple method for calculating the EPR spectra of paramagnetic particles with a triple anisotropy of the g factor, which precludes computation of elliptical integrals, is described. The possibilities of the method have been checked by comparing the spectra of the SO 2 − ion-radicals obtained in the process of thermolysis of dithionates of barium, strontium, and calcium sulfate whose spectra were calculated. The comparison shows a satisfactory agreement between the experimental and calculated spectra.

The dipyridyl complexes of the copper salts of bis-o-dicarbollyliron(III), -cobalt(III), and -nickel(III) are investigated by means of EPR spectroscopy. Theoretical models of the EPR spectra of copper(II) ions in these complexes are constructed and their spectral parameters are determined. It is shown that in all cases the tetragonally distorted octahedron is the most probable coordination sphere of the Cu2+ ions.

Thermal degradation of palladium-containing samples of Fiban K-1 fibrous sulfonic cation exchanger in the H form fabricated by ion exchange and reduced with hydrazine hydrate was investigated by methods of DTA, x-ray phase analysis, mass spectrometry, and EPR spectroscopy. It was found that palladium in the reduced state added to the cation exchanger in relatively small amounts, 1.5-2.5 wt. %, stabilizes the hydrocarbon matrix (increases the temperature of the onset of desulfurization of the sulfonic cation exchanger and thermal degradation of the hydrocarbon matrix). With a higher content (14%), palladium significantly changes these characteristics, manifested by a decrease in the temperature of the onset of desulfurization of the ion exchanger and thermal degradation of the hydrocarbon matrix.

The influence of exchangeable cation on dehydration, desulfonation, and thermal oxidative degradation of FIBAN K-1 fibrous sulfonic cation exchanger in the hydrogen, alkali metal, and alkaline-earth metal forms was studied.

The physicochemical properties of γ-irradiated barium dithionate in the temperature range 40-80°C were investigated by EPR and IR spectroscopy methods. It has been revealed that on decomposition of the substance, thermally induced ion-radicals of two types are formed, which are interpreted as SO 3 − ( g ⊥ = 2.0049, g ∥ = 2.0034) and SO 2 − ( g 1 = 2.0107, g 2 = 2.0066, g 3 = 2.0034). The conditions of their formation and limits of their stability have been determined. The heterogeneous phase BaSO 3 /BaSO 4 is considered as the stabilizing one. The upper limit of applicability of barium dithionate as a dosimeter is 40°C.

The thermal degradation of FIBAN K-l fibrous copper-containing and copper-free cationites was studied by differential thermal analysis, IR and ESR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and atomic absorptive analysis. It was shown that Cu2+ ions strongly influence the processes that proceed during the sample heating in the range from 315 to 340 degreesC. It was demonstrated that the state of copper and the concentration of its paramagnetic ions vary with temperature.

In the present work, the ESR dosimetric potential of strontium sulfate has been investigated in the radiation dose range of 1–100 Gy. It does not exhibit any ESR signal before irradiation. However, irradiation produced three intensive resonance signals (A, B and C) which increase linearly in the studied dose range. Variable temperature study showed that all ESR signals were found to decrease significantly at temperatures higher than 340 K. Kinetic studies performed at high temperatures showed that at least two distinct radical species with the activation energy values of 42.8±3.6 and 88.2±5.8 kJ/mol, respectively, contributed to the ESR signal B.

An investigation is made of the dosimetric properties of proposed spin-resonance γ-radiation dose meters based on Ba and Sr dithionates. Their operating range (0.1 Gy−50 kGy for Ba dithionate and 0.2 Gy−80 kGy for Sr dithionate) is established. Their advantages over the EPR/L-α dose meter are discussed: the narrow isotropic EPR signal, higher radiation sensitivity, large range of linear response. Conditions of storage and use of dithionate-based dose meters (temperature of 15–25°C, relative air humidity no more than 80%) are determined.