Melt-quenched amorphous alloys Fe58Ni25B17, Fe50Ni33B17, and Ni44Fe29Co15B10Si2 are used to study the effect of the structural parameters of the nanocrystalline phases precipitating at the first stage of crystallization on the strength characteristics of the alloys in an amorphous-nanocrystalline state. It is shown that, at a constant nanoparticle size, the dependence of microhardness H V on the volume fraction (V V ) or the volume density (N V ) of these nanoparticles can be described by the relation HV = K(V V ) n , where n = 1/3. A relation HV = f(d) that is analogous to the Hall-Petch relation is detected at a fixed volume density of nanoparticles and their average size d > 80–100 nm. At d < 70–80 nm, HV decreases anomalously with decreasing d.

The features of crystallization of amorphous ribbons obtained by spinning from Ni 44 Fe 29 Co 15 B 10 Si 2 alloy are studied using mainly X-ray diffractometry. It is shown that the difference in cooling rate of contact and free surfaces of the ribbon with a thickness of 25 μm under spinning is sufficient to determine the difference in average interatomic distances for the first coordination spheres of the amorphous phase and in tendency of this phase to crystallization on opposite surfaces of the ribbon under annealing. With growth of size of crystallites of the Ni (Fe, Co) fcc phase from 80 to 120 nm, the lattice parameter increases by 0.3%, which is a consequence of the size effect during the formation of the nanostructural state. For the first time, the texture formation in the phase crystallizing from the amorphous phase is studied and it is determined that the forming weak axial texture of the fcc phase is determined by the maximal packing density of atoms in planes {111} and also by the effect of stresses, causing texture scattering.

The distribution of alloying atoms over the sites of the ordered crystal lattices of the γ′ phase and the Ni 2 Cr superstructure that form during aging of the EK78 superalloy is determined by neutron diffraction, and their long-range order parameters are measured. The size, shape, and orientation of the forming γ′-phase precipitates and the ordered matrix are determined by electron microscopy. The mechanism by which the ordered phases in the EK78 alloy form during complex heat treatment is described.

Analysis of possible variants of interaction of slip bands with nanocrystalline particles is performed. It is suggested that there is a clear relationship between the particle size and the specific mechanism of this interaction. Other factors affecting the interaction mechanism are briefly analyzed.

Application of electroplastic deformation (EPD) by rolling to bulk long-sized samples of Ti-50.7 at.%Ni alloy allows increasing of the deformation strain without macrofailure by 1.5 to 3 times in comparison to cold rolling without electrical current application. Structure formation and functional properties were studied after various EPD regimes: current density (84 to 168 А/mm2) and impulse duration (80 and 160 ms). When the stage of mixed nanocrystalline and amorphous structure formation is reached as a result of EPD, a post-deformation annealing at 400 °С leads to a nanocrystalline structure formation in austenite and highest recovery stress values generation by the martensite.

Patterns of plastic deformation of amorphous nanocrystalline composites, caused by the local action of an indenter on a thin electron microscopy foil, have been experimentally investigated for the first time in structural analysis. Classification of the observed types of interaction of shear bands with crystalline nanoparticles is performed. This classification is in good agreement with the theoretically predicted interaction mechanisms.