BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Muscle dysmorphia (MDM), or bigorexia, is a subcategory of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), also known as "Adonis Complex" in nonscientific contexts. One of the most used tools to investigate MDM is the Adonis Complex Questionnaire (ACQ). The ACQ is a 13-item US questionnaire, designed for male subjects only, related to the dissatisfaction and concerns about physical appearance. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the validity of the Italian version of the ACQ. METHODS:The instrument was administered to a sample of 322 male adults, recruited from the general population. We used the maximum-likelihood confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA), analyzing the covariance matrices with AMOS 24.0, to evaluate the different factorial models proposed in the literature. RESULTS:The evaluation of the factorial structure of the Italian version of the ACQ demonstrates the greater stability and internal consistency of the two-factor model, compared to the original three-factor model. The factors have no correlation with the demographic characteristics of the sample. CONCLUSIONS:The present study confirms the validity and the reliability of the Italian two-factor version of the ACQ and highlights the general tendency, among Italian males, to have concerns about their own physical appearance with recurring thoughts and eating behaviors finalized to improve it. Our study represents an advance in the use of adequate and reliable instruments to assess concerns about physical appearance in the Italian male population.

Personal values are motivational constructs which guide behavior. Associations between values and risky behaviors have been reported in student and non-clinical samples. We investigated the relationship between human values and variables related to interpersonal violence and maltreatment in a sample of 160 consecutively admitted people with mental disorders. The results found that human values related to openness to change and self-enhancement (i.e. Stimulation/Achievement) were positively correlated with interpersonal violence and maltreatment, while values related to conservation (i.e. Conformity/Tradition) were related to reported Support. This pattern of correlation was shared by people with psychosis and personality disorders but not by people with mood disorders. The results underlined the relations between human values and dysfunctional behaviors like interpersonal violence. This study suggests a need to consider a negotiation of human values when working on harm reduction models of treatment for those who are diagnosed with mental illness.

Patients with psychosis, especially those with specific positive symptoms such as auditory verbal hallucinations, show a source monitoring deficit, the cognitive process involved in the recognition of the information source. This defect can lead to the erroneous conclusion that self-generated thoughts are not "proper" but derive from an external source. We evaluated 37 patients diagnosed with psychotic disorder and 40 healthy controls using a modified version of the Reality Monitoring Task developed by Larøi et al. in 2004. The patients were also evaluated with PANSS, VGF, PSP. We have found that the performance of the Source Monitoring Task differs between patients with hallucinations and controls. According to the literature we can therefore state that patients with hallucinations are characterized by a difficulty in identifying the source of the information they perceive. Our study also adds a new finding to the literature: the source monitoring dysfunction is not due to the presence of current hallucinatory symptomatology but could be considered a stable trait in psychotic patients.

The term “hallucinations” is described and widely used in current diagnostic manuals as «perception-like experiences that occur without an external stimulus»1. Hallucinations may involve all five senses; however auditory hallucinations are the most common type in schizophrenia and related disorders2. Among auditory hallucinations, verbal hallucinations are of particular relevance in clinical practice. Auditory verbal allucinations (AVHs) consist of the experience of hearing voices in the absence of any speaker3, with a strong affective resonance, determined both by form and content of the hallucinatory experience. As reported in Toh et al.’s revision4, AVHs are found in patients with mood disorders, as well as in non-clinical populations5-8. One of the most successful neurocognitive models of AVHs is the source monitoring (SM) deficit model. SM is the ability to discriminate whether a mental content originates within or outside one own self. According to the SM model, AVHs are the result of a general tendency to externally identify the source of the information facing the conscience9-11. AVH are similar to internal dialogues, but those who experience them lack the ability to recognize them as originating from themselves, an aspect that reflects the more general inability to distinguish between external and internal source of mental objects, between real and imaginary, central in psychotic experience9-13. SUMMARY. Patients with psychosis, especially those with specific positive symptoms such as auditory verbal hallucinations, show a source monitoring deficit, the cognitive process involved in the recognition of the information source. This defect can lead to the erroneous conclusion that self-generated thoughts are not “proper” but derive from an external source. We evaluated 37 patients diagnosed with psychotic disorder and 40 healthy controls using a modified version of the Reality Monitoring Task developed by Larøi et al. in 2004. The patients were also evaluated with PANSS, VGF, PSP. We have found that the performance of the Source Monitoring Task differs between patients with hallucinations and controls. According to the literature we can therefore state that patients with hallucinations are characterized by a difficulty in identifying the source of the information they perceive. Our study also adds a new finding to the literature: the source monitoring dysfunction is not due to the presence of current hallucinatory symptomatology but could be considered a stable trait in psychotic patients.

The discovery of psychoanalysis and of psychotropic medications represent two radical events in understanding and treatment of mental suffering. The growth of both disciplines together with the awareness of the impracticality of curing mental suffering only through pharmacological molecules-the collapse of the "Great Illusion"-and the experience of psychoanalysts using psychotropic medications along with depth psychotherapeutic treatment, have led to integrated therapies which are arguably more effective than either modality alone. The authors review studies on the role of pharmacotherapy with psychoanalysis, and the role of the analyst as the prescriber. The psychotic disorders have specifically been considered from this perspective.

Dalila Talevi Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, via G. di Vincenzo 16/B, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy • Tel. +39 340 0628 883; +39 0862 368 249 Fax +39 0862 368 271 • E-mail: dalila.talevi@gmail.com Summary The Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) is a semi-structured interview constructed to measure both the experiences of violence perpetration and victimization in childhood and adulthood. The original version was developed in Sweden in a study involving suicide attempters and healthy volunteers. We developed the Italian version of this innovative scale and administered it to one clinical and to one general sample.

The Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) is a semi-structured interview constructed to measure both the experiences of violence perpetration and victimization in childhood and adulthood. The original version was developed in Sweden in a study involving suicide attempters and healthy volunteers. We developed the Italian version of this innovative scale and administered it to one clinical and to one general sample.

In the last years, scientific interest has grown towards new types of addiction, especially the Internet Addiction (IA). The IA is characterized by the continuous and compulsive use of the internet, causing significant consequences to everyday life. The IA is not included in the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). An excessive use of the internet can have major consequences: loss of sleep time, worse working or school outcomes, progressive detachment from real relationships, isolation, loss of interest and irritability. The most widely used instrument to assess IA is the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), introduced by Kimberly Young; however, different factor structures were reported for the instrument. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of IA among 200 Italian university students (F = 100, M = 100; aged 19-40) using the IAT. Our findings indicate that the 9% (18 subjects) has a moderate risk to develop the IA, but no subjects obtained a test score between 80 and 100. The correct use of internet is present in the 23% of the sample (46 subjects), whereas the 68% (136 subjects) spend great amounts of time online. The collected data were analysed using the Italian two-factor structure model, according to Servidio et al. Our results confirm higher levels of problematic internet use in male than in female subjects and among young compared to older people. According to our results, however, the youth age is stronger than male gender in determining the level of problematic internet use. In addition, higher rates of problematic Internet use are present in young girls compared to old girls, while in male subjects the problematic internet use is independent from youth age or adulthood. As far as we are aware no previous studies analysed the relationship between the IAT factors (interpersonal, emotional and obsessive conflict, online time management and compromised personal wellbeing), age and gender.

Poster: ECR 2018 / C-0763 / Morphological cortical changes as clinical outcome predictors in chronic schizophrenic patients: 3T MRI preliminary study by: M. V. M. Micelli 1, S. Iafrate1, F. Bruno1, M. Martino1, R. Cornia2, S. Parnanzone1, A. Rossi1, A. Splendiani1, C. Masciocchi1; 1L'Aquila/IT, 2Bologna/IT

Objectives To achieve a validation of the Persecution and Deservedness Scale (PaDS) in an Italian convenience sample from general population. To catch the link between paranoia, self-esteem, depressive symptoms and aberrant salience assuming that these constructs could be related to paranoia. Methods 312 individuals provided complete data on Persecution and Deservedness Scale, The Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen, The Aberrant Salience Inventory, The Self-Esteem Rating Scale. Construct and Concurrent validity were assessed. Results PaDS subscales were internally reliable and showed correlations with the psychological measures. Conclusions PaDS is able to measure both severity of persecution and the correlated sense of deservedness. People from general population, experience sub-clinical persecution more probably in relation to some affects of sadness.

Schizophrenia is a common, severe and chronically disabling mental illness. Most of MRI studies in schizophrenia suggest theinvolvement of white matter (WM) pathology in multiple cerebral regions in the neurobiology of this condition. White matter fiber tracts connecting numerous cortical regions have been the focus of a number of studies using a magnetic resonance technique called “Diffusion Tensor Imaging” (DTI). A literature search of published DTI studies was conducted using the major database National Centre for Biotechnology information (NCBI) PubMed (MEDLINE). Our review covers 95 published papers. We summarise the main DTI findings involving the different brain regions in patients affected by or at high-risk for psychosis; we discuss clinical implications of these white matter disruptions and the limitations of current studies, listing the potential confounds and suggesting potential future research directions.