Coherent control of matter waves using mechanical action of an electromagnetic field displays quantum duality at work. Deflecting, focussing and trapping the matter wave or de Broglie wave using optical fields lead us to develop tools to manipulate the matter waves. The emerging field provides a playground to study the newer effects of quantum coherence and quantum interference. The expansion of this area in the last three decades has enabled us to store atoms and cool them to temperatures as low as micro kelvin scale and beyond, leading to experimental realization of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) and of Fermi degeneracy in ultra-cold. With a focus on graduate students and young researchers, this book discusses the topics that lay the foundation stones of interaction of ultra-cold atoms with optical potentials. Key features • Developed keeping in view latest experimental advancements. • Puts light on newer theoretical advancement. • Explains the text though definitions, and useful diagrams. • Provides necessary examples and problems for the students. • Simple in language, slender, and not voluminous.

The aim of this investigation is improvement of the performance of Darrieus-type hydraulic turbines operated in an open channel. Since the output power is very small in such a utilization of small hydropower, it is important to get more power for the cost reduction. In our previous experimental investigation, the performance of turbine runner installed near the side wall of the channel was better than that installed at the center of the channel. In order to enhance the output power, a flat guide was installed upstream of the runner on the opposite side of the side wall. In the present study, we parametrically investigate the effects of flow guiding angle and installation position of the guide on the turbine performance. Two-dimensional unsteady CFD simulations are carried out to qualitatively understand the flow mechanism leading to the better performance of turbine. As a result, it is found that the turbine performance can be significantly enhanced by the appropriately placed flow guide. This enhancement is found to be achieved by the improvement of turbine efficiency and the increase of the input power.

We discuss one-dimensional dual-channel barrier scattering with a cavity-like structure in terms of a time-independent problem. Our model assumes that the channels interact with each other only through the cavity-like structure. The model is capable of describing the essential physics of resonant scattering such that electromagnetically induced transparency and Fano-resonance type lineshapes appear in the spectrum. In this paper, we give a complete analytical solution of the spectrum. In addition, using approximate solutions, we show how the spectrum is explained by the simplified resonant condition and appearance of zero points. The results can be checked by simple numerical calculations, making this problem suitable as a teaching aid for beginners.

To clarify the limiting factor of carrier transport in organic molecular semiconductors, we performed charge modulation spectroscopy of a field-effect transistor with a 3,11-didecyldinaphtho[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (C10-DNBDT-NW) single crystal, which showed a hole-carrier mobility of 8.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 295 K. The terahertz absorption of electric-field-induced hole carriers increases with decreasing frequency down to 150 cm−1 (4.5 THz). However, it is not reproduced by the simple Drude model but tends to be suppressed with decreasing frequency. The spectral shape of the absorption and the mobility value were simultaneously reproduced by the Drude–Anderson model, which incorporates carrier scattering due to thermal molecular fluctuations. The frequency of the intermolecular vibration that dominates carrier scattering is estimated to be approximately 8 cm−1, which is in good agreement with the theoretically predicted value. Moreover, analyses of the absorption spectra at low temperatures reveal that the mobility increases to 14 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 240 K. These results demonstrate that thermal molecular fluctuations limit the mobility.

Dissolved gas in water is known as one of the factors which affect cavitation. The present study focuses on the effect of dissolved gas on cavitation around a hydrofoil, more specifically on the hysteresis of cavitation and surface pressure of the hydrofoil. The pressure measurement on a hydrofoil of Clark Y-11.7% was carried out under various dissolved gas conditions. Pressure in the test section was reduced stepwise from an atmospheric pressure to that in a super-cavitation condition, then was increased stepwise to the atmospheric pressure condition. Amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) was used as a parameter representing the degree of air content, and three DO conditions were set at low DO: under 30%, middle DO: around 50%, and high DO: over 70% of saturation under atmospheric pressure. Also, two angles of attack, 8 and 20 degrees were selected. Although there is no significant difference of the surface pressure and its hysteresis at the angle of attack of 8 degrees, dissolved gas seems to affect the behavior of cavitation. At the angle of attack of 20 degrees, it was found that the appearance of cavity was changed by DO conditions, and it would affect surface pressure of the foil. Under high DO condition, when the cavity oscillated with large amplitude, dissolved gas seemed to enhance the growth of the cavity, and the cavity tended to grow as covering the suction surface of the foil; it would make the time-averaged surface pressure of high DO condition lower than that of the other DO condition.

Introduction:In the phase 3 study entitled ALK in Lung cancer Trial of brigAtinib in 1st Line (ALTA-1L), which is a study of brigatinib in ALK inhibitor-naive advanced ALKpositive NSCLC, brigatinib exhibited superior progressionfree survival (PFS) versus crizotinib in the two planned interim analyses.Here, we report the final efficacy, safety, and exploratory results.