Cyberbullying has become a significant challenge in the digital era, particularly among university students who are active users of online platforms. However, existing literature in the Malaysian context has yet to sufficiently examine students’ awareness of cyberbullying. Therefore, this study aims to assess the level of cyberbullying awareness among university students, with a focus on emotional, social, and legal aspects. This study employed aquantitative survey approach. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. A total of 126 respondents from public universities in and near Perlis were selected using simple random sampling. The analysis examined students’ awareness across the three dimensions of cyberbullying. The findings indicate that university students demonstrate moderate to high levels of awareness in emotional, social, and legal aspects of cyberbullying. These findings provide useful insights for educational institutions to better understand students’ perceptions of cyberbullying and to support the development of initiatives that promote safer digital environments.

Rapid changes of labour market were driven by digitalisation, post-pandemic disruptions, and evolving generational characteristics have intensified challenges surrounding graduate employability, particularly among Generation Z. In the Malaysian context, graduates increasingly encounter psychological vulnerability, unclear professional identity, limited career literacy, and difficulties in workplace transition, which collectively contribute to persistent underemployment and early career instability. These realities underscore the necessity for a holistic and development-oriented career readiness framework that extends beyond conventional technical and skill-based models. This study proposes the Ready4Career Model, a seven-dimensional developmental framework comprising Discovery (Self-Discovery), Identity (Professional Identity), Affect (Emotional Stability), Mastery (Resume and CV Mastery), Occupational Literacy (Career Literacy), Navigational Readiness (Interview and Workplace Transition), and Development (Continuous Growth). Grounded in Career Construction Theory, the model conceptualises career development as a dynamic and continuous process shaped by self-regulation, identity construction, adaptability, and lifelong learning. Employing a qualitative conceptual methodology through structured narrative synthesis of contemporary international and Malaysian literature published between 2020 and 2025, this study systematically integrates psychological, educational, and employability perspectives into a coherent framework. The findings highlight the model’s theoretical coherence, contextual relevance, and practical applicability in enhancing emotional resilience, professional identity clarity, career adaptability, and graduate readiness. Overall, the Ready4Career Model provides an evergreen and adaptable framework to support higher education institutions, policymakers, and career practitioners in strengthening sustainable graduate employability within an increasingly complex employment scope.

Work engagement has become an important indicator of employee well-being and organizational effectiveness in higher education institutions. However, maintaining high levels of work engagement among private university lecturers remains a significant challenge due to increasing job demands, limited organizational resources, and psychological pressures associated with academic responsibilities. Although the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model has been widely used to explain work engagement, previous studies have primarily focused on the direct effects of job demands and job resources while paying limited attention to the underlying psychological mechanisms through which these factors influence lecturers' engagement. Drawing upon the Job Demands–Resources Theory and Self-Determination Theory, this conceptual paper proposes an integrated framework that explains the relationships among job demands, job resources, basic psychological needs, and work engagement. Specifically, the paper argues that job resources enhance lecturers' work engagement by satisfying their needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, whereas excessive job demands may undermine the fulfillment of these psychological needs, leading to lower work engagement. Basic psychological needs are therefore proposed as a mediating mechanism linking the work environment with employee engagement. The proposed framework contributes to the organizational psychology literature by integrating two complementary theoretical perspectives to better understand work engagement in the context of private higher education institutions. In addition, the model offers practical implications for university leaders and human resource practitioners in designing organizational policies that strengthen lecturers' psychological well-being and sustainable work engagement. Future empirical studies are recommended to validate the proposed conceptual model using structural equation modeling across different higher education settings.

Childhood physical abuse has lasting implications for individual well-being, yet empirical evidence on protective family factors and their gendered effects during emerging adulthood remains limited. This study offers novel insight by examining gender as a moderating factor in the relationship between childhood family attachment and childhood physical abuse among emerging adults. The objective of this study is to assess whether stronger childhood family attachment reduces experiences of childhood physical abuse and to determine whether this protective effect differs by gender. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire distributed to university students through academic networks, with lecturers assisting in disseminating the survey to their students. A total of 416 responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression-based moderation analysis. The findings indicate that childhood family attachment is significantly and negatively associated with childhood physical abuse, confirming its protective role. Gender is found to be a significant predictor and moderator, with results showing that the buffering effect of childhood family attachment against physical abuse is stronger for males than for females. From a policy perspective, the results emphasise the need for attachment-based and gender-sensitive family interventions. Policies should prioritise strengthening parent-child relationships, promoting non-violent disciplinary practices, and incorporating gender-responsive approaches in child protection and parenting programmes to prevent childhood physical abuse effectively.

The purpose of this study is to examine the importance of interaction and openness in friendships among working women in Malaysia. Specifically, it aims to identify differences between single and married working women in their engagement with interaction and openness behaviours in maintaining friendships, as well as their levels of friendship satisfaction. This quantitative study employed a questionnaire survey involving 500 female respondents working in public universities across Malaysia. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 23. The findings revealed that single working women exhibited higher levels of interaction and openness behaviours in friendships compared to their married counterparts. They also reported greater friendship satisfaction. Additionally, the study found a positive relationship between interaction and openness and friendship satisfaction. Overall, the results indicate that marital status influences the way working women engage in maintaining friendships and the satisfaction they derive from them. Furthermore, the study highlights that interaction and openness are significant predictors of friendship satisfaction, regardless of marital status. These findings contribute to the growing body of literature on women's friendships and emphasize the importance of fostering interaction and communication to enhance friendship quality. The study also advocates for a more inclusive and supportive social approach toward single and married women in the context of community and social development in Malaysia.

Small-scale fisheries in East Java Province play an important role in supporting the regional economy and national food security, especially in coastal areas rich in fish resources. However, this sector faces serious challenges in the form of high post-harvest fish losses and fish safety risks, which are interrelated and have a direct association on the sustainability of fishermen's businesses. The study aims to examine the food safety risk, social, economic and social variables toward post-harvest fish loss as well as to examine the social, economic and environmental variables toward food safety risk. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach using primary data from a questionnaire survey of small-scale fishers in Banyuwangi Regency and Lamongan Regency. Data analysis used the Three-Stage Least Squares (3SLS) method to comprehensively capture the simultaneous relationship between variables. The results show that all variables have a significant relationship on post-harvest fish loss and fish safety risk, with FSR proving to be a key factor in reducing catch loss. These findings provide important implications for the formulation of policies to improve fish handling quality and strengthen fishermen's institutions in the coastal areas of East Java.

This research delves into the dynamics influencing the academic performance of undergraduate students in Malaysian universities, specifically examining the role of self-esteem, sense of purpose, time management, sleep quality, and class attendance. With a calculated sample size of 384 obtained from purposive sampling, the study reveals compelling insights. This study aims to determine how students perform in university and what factors contribute the most to their academic performance. The findings underscore the significant influence of self-esteem, sense of purpose, and class attendance on academic performance. These results illuminate the relationship between psychological and behavioral factors in shaping students' success in the academic sphere. Understanding how these variables relate to academic outcomes provides educators and institutions with valuable information for tailoring support mechanisms and interventions to enhance students' overall educational experience. In the unique context of Malaysian universities, this research contributes to the broader discourse on factors that contribute to or hinder academic performance among undergraduate students.

Humanizing digital learning emphasizes personalized learning and the incorporation of empathetic design to enhance students' adaptability, particularly in social science field. This study investigates how integrating human-centre elements into digital platforms affects students' learning experiences and adaptability in higher education. The issue arises from traditional digital learning methods, which often lack the personalized support necessary for students to thrive. By focusing on the unique needs and learning styles of social science students, this research explores the potential of adaptive learning technologies and empathetic interfaces to create more engaging and supportive digital environments. Conceptually, the methodology will employ a mixed approach, analyzing both quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights diverse studies. Preliminary findings suggest that personalized digital experiences foster greater adaptability and engagement. The study concludes by underscoring the importance of designing digital platforms that not only deliver content but also address students' emotional and cognitive needs. Keywords: Adaptability, empathetic design, higher education, humanizing digital learning, personalized learning

Mining activities and efforts to increase human capital in East Luwu Regency, Indonesia, have not been able to contribute significantly to achieving Sustainable Development Goals, namely reducing unemployment and poverty. This study aims to determine whether the contribution of the mining sector and human capital affects the achievement of SDGs, either directly or indirectly. The novelty of this research is that it seeks to explore how much influence human capital and the mining sector in East Luwu, the largest mining center in Indonesia, have on realizing inclusive economic development. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative with a path analysis method approach using secondary time series data in the span of fifteen years, 2008-2022, obtained from the Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). Referring to the research results, it can be concluded that the mining sector’s contribution has a negative effect on reducing unemployment and poverty in East Luwu Regency. Likewise, human capital has a negative effect on reducing unemployment and poverty. Meanwhile, the unemployment rate variable positively affects the poverty rate. Seen from the indirect effect, the mining sector and human capital can reduce poverty indirectly through the unemployment rate variable. The implication of this study is to provide new information for the government and private sector to encourage the mining sector to grow inclusively and consistently in reducing unemployment and poverty, as stated in the vision of sustainable development goals (SDGs).

The publication of Humanities Diges writing papers with the theme of 'Wacana Tanwir Kemanusiaan' is practical to be served to every level of society in Malaysia. This is so because all the content of this writing revolves around the debate on current issues that occur in modern society today. All these articles are contributed by academics at the higher education level based on the expertise of their respective fields. Among the issues raised are politics, education, language, religion, economy and entrepreneurship. Overall, the content of this Humanity Digest contains 13 chapters that focus on various universal humanitarian issues. Hopefully dear readers will get positive input that can germinate the seeds of positive thinking in facing various current issues and challenges.

This research examines the impact of having a sense of purpose on academic performance, focusing on the role of time management as a moderating factor. Surveys were distributed to the entire undergraduate student body across 20 public universities, encompassing a total target population of 626,222 undergraduates. Participants voluntarily participated in the study, leading to a dataset of 397 respondents for analysis. The study findings suggest a significant influence of a sense of purpose on academic performance. Additionally, the research highlights the crucial moderating role of time management in shaping the connection between a sense of purpose and academic success. These results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics within the academic environment and offer implications for developing targeted interventions to improve student success.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Social Sciences explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in various disciplines of business and psychology, showcasing its applications in Economics, Business, Marketing, Accounting and Psychology. In Economics, AI-driven models enhance forecasting accuracy and optimize decision-making processes. In the Business sector, AI-driven insights drive innovation, efficiency and competitive advantage across industries. In the Marketing domain, AI's ability to analyze consumer behavior and preferences revolutionizes targeted advertising and customer engagement strategies. AI's role in Accounting streamlines financial reporting, auditing, and fraud detection through automated processes and data analysis. Lastly, in Psychology, AI-powered tools are reshaping mental health care, improving assessments, and enhancing therapeutic interventions. Through diverse case studies and expert insights, Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Social Sciences’ illuminates how AI is reshaping these disciplines, offering a glimpse into the future of AI integration across various fields.

Nowadays, friend play an important role in women’s life especially with the consideration that more women are working and not only rely on family for social supports. This research examined impact of working position and marital status on friendship maintenance behavior among working women in Malaysia, particularly on how women maintained their friendship based on the position of working and marital status. This study conducted using a survey involving 500 women who work at public university in Malaysia. Data was collected using the Friendship Maintenance Scale. The data collection procedure involved three steps, beginning with preparation of the instrument, then obtaining approval from related organizations, followed by online data collection via email. The collected data were analysed using SPSS 23 and the data were interpreted using descriptive analyses. The findings of the study found that women have different behavior on how they maintained their friendship based on position of working and marital status. The findings of this study contributed to the developments of literatures regarding women’s friendship especially for better understanding regarding the nature of friendship among working women in Malaysia. A better understanding of the nature could provide a suitable social support for maintaining working women relationships as well as their psychological well-being.

The coronavirus pandemic has set alarm bells ringing as it has spread all over the world There are a large number of cases and deaths reported each day The virus that originated from bats has reached pandemic proportions not only in China but also other countries including Europe and Africa So far, there is no vaccine that can contain the virus The spread of the virus can have several impacts on the economy, business and society Malaysia's exports drop, the unemployment rate is on the rise and economic growth shrinks due to the virus Other than that, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) also fall prey to the virus as most of them have to shut down Society also faces the need to change their perception and behaviour in order to be accustomed to the government's enforcement Therefore, the government must play an important role in protecting the economy, business and society The government has used fiscal policy by giving a stimulus package of RM250 billion The policy can cushion the detrimental impacts of the coronavirus on the economy, business and society © 2021 American Institute of Physics Inc All rights reserved

The aim of this pilot study is to examined friendship maintenance behaviour and psychological well-being in single and married working women. A total of 45 women who work at non-engineering school in Universiti Malaysia Perlis were randomly selected as participant. Of these, 27 women are married and 18 women are single lady. A Friendship Maintenance scale by Oswald and Ryff’s Psychological well-being scale were employed as the research instrument. This study used independent-sample t-test to compare the mean scores of variables for the groups. Result show there is no significant different in the mean scores of both variables for both groups.

Langkawi Island which is located in Kedah is a well-known destination for a vacation among tourists. This small island has managed to develop quite well through-out the years. With so much tourism development that Langkawi has achieved; the local people has received tons of advantages. One of them is the locals get to start their community home based tourism business. As tourists from all over the world have set this place as their destination to relax in the natural salt water hot spring of Ayer Hangat, the locals took this advantage by developing community home based tourism business. This product is supposed to help the locals in promoting their motels and guest houses as most of the owners did not do well enough in promoting their services. However, most of the community home based tourism in Ayer Hangat, Langkawi does not have any promotional video that will be able to help them in promoting their motels and guest houses. Moreover, even when traveling with maps, tourists will still have a problem to locate themselves as not all of the roads and buildings are being included into the maps. There various types of model out there that can be used as a guideline to develop the project but Alessi and Trollip design and development model has been chosen as it is more suitable for this project. This product has achieved its objectives in providing product that could help tourists and local business owner.

Self-esteem is related to the individuals understanding and accepting the existing character and attitude to themselves. Failure to understand and accept their own strengths and weaknesses and in the same time do not have the skills to cope with it will caused them to be classified in the group who have low levels of self esteem. The up and down in self esteem will seriously affect the person emotional development and their reasoning process. Thus, reforming self esteem is an important key to help the rehabilition of drug abuser. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Brief Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on self-esteem among drug users. The quasi experimental design with one treatment group and one control group and four measurements (Pre Test, Post 1, Post 2 and Post 3) were employed in this study. The sample of 108 drugs users was chosen using purposive sampling procedure. Data were collected using standardized psychometric instruments, including Internal Control Index (Patricia Duttweiler, 1984) and The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and were analysed using descriptive analysis. The findings shows the intervention of group Brief Cognitive Behavioural Therapy CBT (B) are succeed in increasing self-esteem mean score compared to control group in different time interval. As a conclusion, self-esteem among the subjects can be enhanced with an intervention of proper and systematic therapy instead of unplanned therapy sessions

The participation of students in the process of learning is one of the keys to ensure effective learning outcomes either in terms of knowledge or skill. However, teacher-centred teaching methods which have been practiced in this country after so long avert students to fully engage in the learning process especially in a classroom. Various attempts have been made by the government to emphasize student’s development in term of communication, creativity and innovation through the of process learning in class. It requires school to implement student-centred teaching methods such as cooperative learning. Cooperative learning is a teaching method that requires teachers not only interacts with the students but also with other teaching aids such as audio, video and computer. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify teachers' perception on the implementation of cooperative learning in the teaching and learning process in class. 25 teachers were selected as respondents. Mixed methods were used in this study, where the instrument of questionnaires and interviews were used to collect the data. Quantitative data analysis was made using descriptive statistics of frequency, mean and percentage. While, qualitative data analysis was based on the recommendations of the Miles & Huberman (1994). The findings showed teachers have a positive attitude toward cooperative learning and they are ready and feel confident to practice it. However, the constraints are classroom control, time and limited teaching aids