For the North American node of the GlobalSoilMap.net project, a pilot study area was identified in SW Manitoba and adjacent North Dakota to develop and test methods to create GlobalSoilMap. net-compliant gridded soil map products. To this end, for the Canadian portion of the study area, we implemented and evaluated several methods to predict soil properties utilizing legacy soil maps at scales from 1: 20,000 to 1: 40,000 and soil series records from the Canadian Soil Information System. We then validated these predictions against a relatively small set of pedon data collected during the period of active soil survey (1970's and 1980's). Our first method was to simply use weighted average values from polygon map unit components to produce what we called GSM v0.5. The second approach to polygon disaggregation used finer resolution classifications of landform elements based on expert knowledge and heuristic rules. We hypothesized that disaggregation of the area-class soil polygon maps using a knowledge-based fuzzy classification of a fixed set of landform classes based on 90 m SRTM DEM data was one of the few feasible and practical options for producing predictions of continuous variation in soil properties for this area (and indeed for most of Canada) according to GlobalSoilMap. net specifications. The prediction efficiency of the fuzzy classification disaggregation approach, as measured by RSME values against pedon measurements, exceeded that achieved by simple polygon map unit component averaging for only some attributes (soil organic C and % clay) while for other attributes (i.e. pH) it was markedly less effective.

The Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) is a national soil map and accompanying database of environmental information for all of Canada, produced and maintained by the Canadian Soil Information Service (CanSIS) which is a part of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. The SLC maps were originally published as a set of paper products for individual provinces and regions. The maps were digitized in CanSIS, using one of the first geographic information systems in the world, and linked to soil and landscape attribute tables to serve an evolving variety of spatial modelling applications. The SLCs form the lowest level of the National Ecological Framework for Canada. The latest public release of the SLC is version 3.2, which provides updated soil and landscape information for the agricultural areas of Canada. The SLC v3.2 digital coverage includes an extensive set of relational data tables. The component table lists the soil components in each agricultural polygon along with their predicted dominant slope, class, and extent. The soil component codes are also linked to soil attribute tables which define fundamental soil properties, such as classification and parent material, as well as a description of the soil horizons and key soil attributes to a depth of 100 cm. SLC v3.2 adds a new set of landform tables which identify the major landform type in each polygon and indicates the most likely soil components in the upper, mid slope, lower slope, and depressional positions. These soil and landform attributes are designed to support a wide variety of national and international environmental modelling applications, such as the prediction of soil quality change, soil carbon sequestration, and land productivity for different agricultural crops in response to agricultural policy, land management, and climate change scenarios. Future versions of the SLC are under development that will have improved spatial resolution and include soils data for areas beyond the present agricultural zone of Canada.

Digital soil mapping involves the creation of new raster-based soil attribute datasets from existing soil and environmental data, coupled with other spatial knowledge of soil distribution. The GlobalSoilMap. net project is intended to provide a digital soil map of the world on a 90 m raster base derived from existing soil data sources in each country. This paper provides an overview of the existing soil information holdings in the Canadian Soil Information System (CanSIS) in terms of their scale, coverage, and potential suitability for digital soil mapping applications. A description of a possible approach to the capture and transformation of legacy soil survey knowledge for digital soil mapping purposes is also provided. Most historical soil inventory maps and reports in Canada have been produced for the southernmost 20% of Canada's land area by a variety of federal and provincial agencies at scales ranging from 1:20,000 to 1:250,000. Many of these datasets are available in digital format as part of the National Soil Data Base (NSDB) within CanSIS. The NSDB detailed soil map coverages provide the most precise spatial data source for building raster based digital soil mapping products, but coverage is incomplete. The Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) map series provides complete coverage for all of Canada, at a scale of 1:1 million. SLC maps are less spatially precise, but provide the national coverage needed for applications like the GlobalSoilMap. net project. Pedon datasets provide spatial information at specific points, but the sampling density is very low, and not well spatially distributed. Understanding the status and relevance of the NSDB data holdings, and how they can be effectively combined with expert knowledge, digital terrain models, and other data sources are important for organizing our approach to future digital soil mapping work in Canada.

Canadian Journal of StatisticsVolume 34, Issue 3 p. 494-500 Article Introduction: A GIS application to improve codling moth management in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia Bob Vernon, Bob Vernon vernonbs@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada VOM 1AOSearch for more papers by this authorHoward Thistlewood, Howard Thistlewood thistlewoodh@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada VOM 1AOSearch for more papers by this authorScott Smith, Scott Smith smithcas@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH 1ZOSearch for more papers by this authorTodd Kabaluk, Todd Kabaluk kabalukt@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH 1ZOSearch for more papers by this author Bob Vernon, Bob Vernon vernonbs@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada VOM 1AOSearch for more papers by this authorHoward Thistlewood, Howard Thistlewood thistlewoodh@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada VOM 1AOSearch for more papers by this authorScott Smith, Scott Smith smithcas@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH 1ZOSearch for more papers by this authorTodd Kabaluk, Todd Kabaluk kabalukt@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH 1ZOSearch for more papers by this author First published: 17 February 2009 https://doi.org/10.1002/cjs.5550340309Citations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume34, Issue3September 2006Pages 494-500 RelatedInformation

Canadian Journal of StatisticsVolume 34, Issue 3 p. 521-530 Article Discussion: Analysis of codling moth data from the Okanagan Sterile Insect Release Program Sylvia R. Esterby, Sylvia R. Esterby sylvia.esterby@ubc.ca Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada VIV IV7Search for more papers by this authorHoward Thistlewood, Howard Thistlewood thistlewoodh@agr.gc.ca Pacijic Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH 1ZOSearch for more papers by this authorBob Vernon, Bob Vernon vernonbs@agr.gc.ca PaciJic Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada VOM IAOSearch for more papers by this authorScott Smith, Scott Smith smithcas@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH IWOSearch for more papers by this author Sylvia R. Esterby, Sylvia R. Esterby sylvia.esterby@ubc.ca Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada VIV IV7Search for more papers by this authorHoward Thistlewood, Howard Thistlewood thistlewoodh@agr.gc.ca Pacijic Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH 1ZOSearch for more papers by this authorBob Vernon, Bob Vernon vernonbs@agr.gc.ca PaciJic Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada VOM IAOSearch for more papers by this authorScott Smith, Scott Smith smithcas@agr.gc.ca Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada VOH IWOSearch for more papers by this author First published: 17 February 2009 https://doi.org/10.1002/cjs.5550340312Citations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume34, Issue3September 2006Pages 521-530 RelatedInformation

The authors consider the effect of orchard attributes and landscape in a heterogeneous area on the efficacy of a control program for the codling moth in apple orchards in British Columbia. The context is first presented, along with a set of questions of importance to the Okanagan Valley Sterile Insect Release program. Two groups of analysts then address a number of these issues using methods for spatial‐temporal data including counts, proportions and Bernoulli variables. The models are then compared and the relevance of the results to this operational program is discussed.