以P123为模板剂,以TEOS为硅源,以氧化石墨烯为复合组分,采用溶胶-凝胶法和自组装法制备了具有较大比表面积的介孔硅复合氧化石墨烯三维多孔材料(MSM/GOs),进一步通过物理浸渍聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)制备了固态胺吸附材料.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、氮气吸附-脱附曲线、元素分析等方法表征复合材料的结构和形貌,研究了氧化石墨烯添加量对材料的比表面积和胺化效果的影响以及吸附温度对其吸附CO2性能的影响.研究结果表明,氧化石墨烯的引入能显著提高介孔硅复合氧化石墨烯多孔材料的比表面积,当GO添加量为4.5wt％时,其比表面积可高达841m2/g.高的比表面积有利于提高材料的氨基含量.在30wt％PEI的物理浸渍胺化后,MSM/GO-4.5@30％PEI拥有最大含氮量(9.59wt％)和CO2吸附量(1.70mmol/g).得益于良好的多孔基体和有机胺的均匀分布,MSM/GO-4.5@30％PEI在不同温度下的吸附量较稳定,循环再生吸附后仍能保持初始吸附量的80％.动力学研究表明,准一级模型和Avrami模型均能较好地拟合其吸附行为,揭示MSM/GO-4.5@30％PEI对CO2的吸附是物理吸附和化学吸附两者共同作用的结果.上述研究表明,介孔硅复合氧化石墨烯多孔材料在CO2捕集方面具有潜在的应用前景.

A simple and environmentally-friendly approach for the preparation of porous melamine-formaldehyde resins (PMFRs) was developed by using low-boiling-point solvents, such as water, as pore-forming agent. With using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and low-boiling solvents cosolvent method, PMFRs with a high specific surface area and well-defined pore structure can be synthesized at a low reaction temperature of 140 °C for a short reaction duration in 20 hours, which can replace the conventional methods that use dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as reaction medium and require 3 days at 170 °C to achieve similar surface area. When loaded with polyethylenimine (PEI), the PMFR-PEI-30% showed good CO2 adsorption performance with a capacity of up to 2.89 mmol/g at 30 °C. These results bring new perspectives for the development of lowcost and environmentally-friendly synthetic methods for porous materials, which can boost their widespread applications.

A novel solid amine adsorbent was prepared by a suspension polymerization of divinylbenzene (DVB) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA),followed by aminating with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA).Its potentiality for efficient adsorption of CO2 from the simulated flue gas component of 10vol％ CO2 in N2 was evaluated.Various adsorption parameters such as organic amine type,adsorption temperature and flow rate was investigated.The CO2 adsorption amount reached 1.93mmol/g at 25℃ when the flow rate was 30mL/min.The regenerability of adsorbent was also studied by performing eight adsorption-desorption cycles over the temperature range of 25℃ (adsorption) to 75℃ (desorption).Moreover,the prepared adsorbents were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption,FT-IR,EA and TGA.All these results suggested this solid amine adsorbent has a potential for CO2 recovery at low concentrations.

通过戊二醛交联在羊毛表面化学修饰单宁酸（TA）,以赋予羊毛优异的抗菌性能。考察了反应体系的pH值、戊二醛浓度对反应后羊毛修饰率的影响。其中,在羊毛等电点附近的pH值有利于交联反应进行。提高戊二醛浓度有利于增加单宁酸修饰率。该抗菌羊毛对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率均高达99%以上。该抗菌羊毛比简单浸渍获单宁酸的羊毛具有更高的耐洗涤性能,经过30次洗涤之后对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌率均保持在95%以上。

In this article,wool was chemically modified by grafting acrylic monomer with quaternary ammonium group using hydrogen peroxide/ascorbic acid as the initiating agent.The effects of grafting copolymerization reaction conditions,including pH of solution,concentrations of initiators,reaction temperature,monomer concentrations and liquor ratio of fiber to solution,on the grafting degree of wool were investigated.The grafting conditions were optimized.It is concluded that concentrations of monomer and initiators were the key factors determining the grafting degree of wool.Higher monomer concentration would increase the grafting degree,and might also result in a larger amount of homopolymers.Excessive amount of hydrogen peroxide will simultaneously lead to a degradation of wool while increasing grafting reaction.Antibacterial activities,washing durability of the grafted wool were examined.It's found that wool grafted with over 4% acrylic copolymers containing quaternary ammonium groups exhibited excellent antibacterial activities(deactivating>99.9% against E.coli,S.areaus and C.albicans),sustaining at least 20 washing cycles without obvious reduction in the antibacterial activities.

Objective To synthesize a solid amine fiber PPAM for CO2 capture with polypropylene(PP) fiber as a substrate and evaluate its CO2 adsorption properties.Methods PPAM was prepared by pre-irradiated grafting with acylamide(AM) onto PP fibers.The chemical and physical properties of PPAM were characterized with FT-IR,TG,EA,SEM,and so on.Its CO2 adsorption capacity was evaluated.Results Higher amination degree of PPAM was favorable for CO2 adsorption.Its highest adsorption capacity was 4.72 mmol/g at the optimal temperature of 30 ℃.PPAM could maintain 99% of its adsorption capacity after 5 adsorption-desorption cycles.Conclusion PPAM fiber proves to be an ideal solid CO2 absorbent with excellent thermal stability,high CO2 adsorption capacity and satisfying regeneration property.

In this paper,a novel antibacterial fiber was prepared by grafting copolymerization of olefin monomer with a quaternary ammonium group on viscose fiber.Fourier transformation IR、monofilament tensile test and Thermo-gravimetric(TG) techniques were employed to characterize the surface chemistry,mechanical properties,and pyrolysis performance of the fiber before and after grafting.The experimental results showed that the mass loss of the grafted fiber with a 31wt% grafting degree was not more than 2% at 200 ℃,and its mechanical strength maintained more than 70% of the original,can meet the requirement of practical application.The grafted fiber showed an excellent antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.The antibacterial rate against these three bacteria could reach 99.99%.After 20 times of washing,the antibacterial rate of the grafted fiber is above 90%.

In this paper,the aqueous solution containing humic acid(HA) was electrochemically oxidized using an activated carbon fiber(ACF) felt as an anode.The results showed that HA can be effectively removed from water.Under suitable condition,the removal ratios of HA and COD can be up to 93.81% and 92.60%,respectively after 120min of electrolysis.The influence of initial pH,current density,Na2SO4 concentration,initial concentration of HA and anode structure on the removal ratio of HA was investigated.The results indicated that the removal ratio of HA increases firstly and then almost invariant with the increase of current density and Na2SO4 concentration,and decreases with the increase of initial pH and initial concentration of HA;the specific surface area and the mesopore percentage of anode material are not in direct proportion to the removal ratio of HA,and the anode with moderate specific surface area and good electrochemistry performance is beneficial to the electro-oxidation removal of HA.

The electrochemical oxidation process was performed using an activated carbon fiber(ACF) felt as an anode under constant current in Na2SO4 solution.After electrolyzing different times,ACFs were taken out and washed with distilled water and dried for 12h in vacuum at 110℃.After cooling to room temperature in desiccator,ACFs were weighed and analyzed by means of FT-IR spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption method.At the same time,the contrast experiment was carried out using a graphite flake as an anode.The results showed that the amount of oxygen-containing groups on the ACF surface is increased in the process of electrochemical oxidation and ACF anode has better oxidation resistance performance and higher oxygen evolution potential compared with graphite anode.So,ACF is more appropriate to be the anode than graphite flake in the electrochemical oxidation process of refractory organics.

A novel type of strong base anion-exchange fibers with bagasse as the raw materials was prepared by grafting copolymerization of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride on bagasse fiber.The preparation condition,structure and decolorization performance of the strong base anion exchange fibers were investigated.The products were used for dynamic sugar decolorization.The experiments showed that modified bagasse fiber exhibited excellent properties of decolorization,easy regeneration and low cost.Meanwhile,the one-step preparation method is easy to operate,which is of great benefit to industry production.

In this paper,using A-7 as water-oil emulsifier,under extremely high internal phase content(water phase content to 87%),we experiment about kinds and dosages of emulsified lipids.The results proved: the emulsified products by Emulsifier A-7 have good stability.The more lipids we used,the less viscosties the emulsions have.The larger molecular weight of lipids,the thicker viscosities of them.The ability of emulsifier A-7 to emulsify hydrocarbon fat and oil is better than to other ones.

The treatment of the wastewater containing phenol with electro-oxidation method was studied.The electro-bath was made up of activated carbon fiber(ACF)-anode and cathode of the stainless steel plate.The factors that would affect the process of degrading phenol were studied.The result indicates that the optimum operation conditions are pH 3,phenol concentration 500mg/L,current density 26mA/cm2,concentration of assistant electrolyte 15g/L. The optimum operation conditions led to the fact that the removal rates of phenol and COD were both more than 95%.Meanwhile,the contrastive experiments were carried out on degrading phenol wastewater with different electrodes.It is revealed that a complete phenol and COD removal can be obtained by the ACF electrode,on account of its high specific surface area and adsorption capacity,excellent conductivity.The mechanism of phenol degradation in the electrochemical treatment system has also been explored preliminarily.

Photo-catalytic degradation of VOC by semiconductor nanoparticle is a kind of effective and economic treatment method for organic exhaust gas.In this paper,zinc oxide nano-particles supported on porous carbon were prepared using microemulsion method followed by sintered at high temperature.Their morphology and crystalline structure of the resulted porous carbon supporting zinc oxide were characterized.The experiment results show that the reactants concentration and molar ratios,the precipitator used have evident effect on the loading amount,particle size and the distribution of zinc oxide nano-particle on active carbon.The active carbon with zinc oxide still keep the plentiful porous structure,thus keep high adsorption capacity while having photocatalytic degradation properties for low concentration VOCs in the room temperature.

The reduction-adsorption of Pt(Ⅳ) on activated carbon fibers(ACFs) prepared by water vapor activation or chemical activation methods were compared.Some other factors that would affect the reduction adsorption behavior of ACF for Pt(Ⅳ) were also studied.The results show that ACFs prepared by different activation methods,due to different electrode potentials,shows evident reduction adsorption capacities for Pt(Ⅳ) in solution.Sisal based ACF prepared by steam activation(SACF) or by ZnCl_2 activation(ZCSACF) showed higher adsorption and reduction capacities for Pt(Ⅳ) than ACF prepared by H_3PO_4 activation(HPSACF),owing to higher electrode potential of the former two kinds of ACFs;both SACF and ZCSACF also showed rapid adsorption for Pt(Ⅳ) than HPSACF.The acidity of solution also have evident influence on the adsorption amount of Pt on ACF,generally,lower pH would be propitious to the reduction and adsorption of platinum ion on activated carbon fibers.

Certain noble metals such as silver or gold were supported onto activated carbon fibers using oxidation-reduction properties of activated carbon fibers. The pore structure and surface chemistry of these activated carbon fibers, as well as the particle distribution of metal particles on activated carbon fibers have been characterized. The adsorption properties of xenon on these porous carbon supported noble metals at 35°C have been studied. The results show that the xenon adsorption capacity on activated carbon fiber is evidently enhanced by the supporting of proper amount of noble metals such as silver or gold, which are due to the modification of pore size distribution and surface chemistry of activated carbon fiber, as well as the increase of adsorption potential by the supporting of noble metals.

The axial distribution of phase holdups in the adsorption process of the sisal-based activated carbon fibers in various operating conditions was determined by measuring the pressure drop and sampling. The experiments were carried out in a three-phase fluidized bed with the height of 1200 mm and the internal diameter of 40 mm. The results indicate that, at a certain gas velocity and a liquid velocity, the gas holdup increases with the increase of bed height, while the liquid and solid holdups decrease gradually, and that, at a certain liquid velocity, the mixing extent in the bed improves with the increase of gas velocity, while at a certain gas velocity, the segregation extent in the bed increases with liquid velocity. The obtained results provide a basis for the scale-up and operation of the recovery of noble metals by activated carbon fibers in fluidized beds.

The adsorption capacities of Xenon on activated carbon fiber (ACF) are closely related to the pore structure of adsorbents. In order to enhance the adsorption capacity of activated carbon fiber for Xenon, in this paper, structures of a series of activated carbon fibers were modified by impregnating them with organic compounds or inorganic compounds such as Methylene blue (MB), p-nitrophenol (PNP), NaCl, and iodine or by oxidizing with KMnO4 or HNO3. The pore structure of these ACFs were characterized using nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77K, the surface chemistry was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). The influence of pore filling or chemical treatment on their xenon adsorption properties was studied. The experimental results show that proper MB and PNP filling of activated carbon fibers, or the oxidizing treatment of activated carbon fibers by 7mol/L HNO3, thought result in some decrease of their surface area and pore volume, can effectively increase the xenon adsorption capacities of these treated activated carbon fibers.

有机挥发性气体广泛的存在于工业和家庭设施,大部分具有毒性,对人体健康造成严重的损害.本文简单介绍了一些净化空气中VOCs的方法,着重介绍了活性炭纤维及其在治理有机废气中的应用.

表征了几个系列的活性碳纤维及球状活性碳的孔结构,研究了这些多孔碳吸附材料在不同温度下对氙的吸附特征,并进一步研究了这些活性碳纤维对氙的吸附性能及其与孔结构的关系.结果表明,氙气在活性碳纤维上的吸附容量,并不随活性碳纤维的比表面积的增加而增大,而是与其孔径分布密切相关.其中,尤其以半径≤0.4nm的极微孔,最有利于氙的吸附.将上述的等温吸附数据用Langmuir吸附方程进行拟合,揭示这种结果是由于活性碳纤维中的窄孔(极微孔)对氙具有较高的吸附热所致.

随着南海市各类乡镇铜铝冶铸企业的高速发展,烟尘污染十分突出,本文针对该行业的烟尘污染状况进行了的调研.结果表明,土法坩埚炉冶铸铜铝制品的工艺在生产中平均每吨铜产灰44kg,其工艺具有"同一冶铸炉日运行烟尘排放的连续性"、"同一冶铸炉烟尘排放的间歇时间段较长"的特性.通过对多个冶铸炉的生产工艺进行优化,并利用管理手段最终实现多座冶铸炉共用一套除尘系统,除尘效率高和一次投资成本低的目标.