The phytonematode Meloidogyne paranaensis is one of the main threats to coffee production. The development of Coffea arabica cultivars resistant to this pathogen is an urgent demand for coffee growers. Progenies derived from the wild germplasm Amphillo are considered potential sources of resistance to M. paranaensis, however the mechanisms involved in this resistance have not yet been elucidated. In the present work, the resistance of different progenies derived from Amphillo was studied and molecular markers associated with resistance were identified. Through Genomic-Wide Association, SNP markers associated with genes potentially involved in resistance control were identified. A total of 158 genotypes belonging to four progenies derived from crosses between Amphillo and Catuaí Vermelho were analyzed. These coffee plants were phenotyped for five traits related to resistance. A total of 7116 SNP markers were genotyped and, after quality filtering, 931 SNPs were selected to conduct the genome-wide association study. The mixed linear model identified 12 SNPs with significant associations with at least one of the evaluated variables and eighteen genes were mapped. The results obtained support the development of markers for assisted selection, studies on genetic inheritance, and elucidating molecular mechanisms involved in the resistance of C. arabica to M. paranaensis.

Coffee genetic improvement programs have been evolving very quickly, with frequent launches of new cultivars. The adoption of these new genetic materials by rural producers requires knowledge of agronomic performance in different production systems. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of irrigated and rainfed Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivars in the Cerrado Mineiro region. Evaluations were conducted in experimental fields across 22 farms of Arabica coffee producers, and 11 used an irrigated production system and 11 used a rainfed system. Twelve cultivars were evaluated as follows: Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144, Bourbon Amarelo IAC J10, Topázio MG 1190, MGS Epamig 1194, Catiguá MG2, MGS Catiguá 3, MGS Ametista, Pau Brasil MG1, MGS Paraíso 2, MGS Aranãs, Sarchimor MG 8840, and IAC 125 RN. Based on grain yield, processing yield, seed density, grain size, and cup quality, agronomic performance evaluations were conducted annually for the 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 harvests. The results showed that the grain yield was higher in the irrigated system compared to the rainfed system. In irrigated fields, the average increases in grain yield were 38%. Irrigation improved the performance of the cultivars in terms of processing yield, although it reduced cup quality. MGS Paraíso 2 cultivar showed the best productive performance, with an average of over four harvests of 52 and 42 bags ha−1 (1 bag = 60 kg) in irrigated and rainfed systems, respectively. The cultivars least responsive to irrigation were IAC 125 RN, MGS Catiguá 3, MGS Ametista, and MGS Paraíso 2, with grain yield increases of 24%, 26%, 27%, and 28%, respectively. The most responsive cultivars were MGS EPAMIG 1194, Sarchimor MG 8840, and Pau Brasil MG1, with grain yield increases of 33%, 35%, and 39%, respectively. The agronomic performance results of coffee cultivars in irrigated and rainfed production systems will allow rural producers to adopt cultivars that are more suitable for the Cerrado Mineiro region.

ABSTRACT Meloidogyne paranaensis is one of the most damaging species of root-knot nematode to coffee trees. The development of resistant cultivars is crucial to the continuity of cultivation in infested areas. Thus, the aims of this study were to assess the performance of F6:7 progenies derived from the Amphillo germplasm in an infested area and to validate the new Coffea arabica MGS Vereda and MGS Guaiçara cultivars. The Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62 cultivar was used as the susceptible standard, and IPR 100 as the resistance standard. The experiment was conducted in 2018 using a randomized complete block design with four replications and 15 plants per plot. Resistance related and agronomic traits were assessed over four years. The lowest population of M. paranaensis was observed in progenies 88, 44B, and 105 from MGS Guaiçara, MGS Vereda, and IPR 100 cultivars, respectively. The progenies with the lowest population of M. paranaensis, although resistant, were not productive. The new MGS Vereda cultivar stood out in terms of yield and early fruit ripening, with the highest proportion of cherry fruit at harvest and a low incidence of peaberry grain. The results suggest MGS Vereda cultivar’s potential for the renewal of coffee cultivations occurs in a rainfed system according to the environmental conditions of the experiment.

Brazil is the largest coffee-producing nation in the world. Over 50

Meloidogyne paranaensis (Mpar) is highly aggressive to the coffee tree, causing damage to the root system and, consequently, coffee production. Genetic resistance is the primary environmentally safe measure to manage Mpar. However, there are few studies on the resistance mechanisms in the interaction between coffee and Mpar. This study aimed to identify the bioactive compounds and the enzymatic antioxidant system involved in the resistance of genotypes Guaiçara and 28–4-1 Coffea arabica to Mpar. The bioactive compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC Shimadzu®) and the enzymatic antioxidant system by the colorimetric method in a spectrophotometer. 28–4-I was evaluated as rootstock and graft of susceptible cultivar Catuai. The chlorogenic acid (CGA) content was higher in resistant genotypes inoculated with Mpar. The leaves of inoculated plants of the Catuai and Guaiçara cultivars presented an increase in caffeine content and in trigonelline content. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was higher in the roots of inoculated Guaiçara plants compared to cv Catuai and genotype 28 as the rootstock of Catuai. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in the roots of the inoculated plants of the Guaiçara genotype at 14 and 32 DAI and 190 DAI in the leaves of the various graft combinations of genotype 28. The resistance of Guaiçara to Mpar involves the production of the bioactive compounds CGA, caffeine, and trigonelline and increased activity of APX and SOD in the roots. Genotype 28–4-1 indicates that the higher content of CGA and increased APX and SOD activity are involved in the defense response to Mpar. Thus, the exogenous application of CGA should be investigated as a biocompound for protecting Arabica coffee trees against Mpar.

Cafeeiros resistentes a Meloidogyne spp. tem sido uma alternativa econômica e ambientalmente viável para manutenção da cultura do café em áreas infestadas. É comum a ocorrência de áreas infestadas por mais de uma espécie de nematoides de galhas, o que dificulta a avaliação da reação das plantas no processo de seleção para resistência em campo. Objetivou-se avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial, a população dos nematoides e a produtividade de diferentes progênies de Coffea arabica, resultantes do cruzamento entre Catuaí Vermelho e o germoplasma Silvestre Amphillo, em área infestada por Meloidogyne exigua e M. paranaensis, comparadas as cultivares comerciais Catuaí IAC 62 e IPR 100 como testemunhas suscetível e resistente, respectivamente. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, totalizando 32 parcelas, sendo 10 plantas na parcela útil, em espaçamento de 3,0 x 0,6 m. De acordo com as características nematológicas avaliadas na estação chuvosa de 2019 e a produtividade (sacas.ha-1) no terceiro biênio (2018/2019), as progênies 28-I-4 e 28-II-6 apresentaram potencial para tolerância ao M. paranaensis e M. exigua e a cultivar IPR100 apresentou resistencia aos nematoides e boa produtividade.

The diverse endophytic stages of the life cycle of species of the Meloidogyne genus are related to parasitism in the host plant. In this study, the objective was to analyze Meloidogyne exigua (Mex) and Meloidogyne paranaensis (Mpar) in roots of coffee trees, through quantification of life cycle phases and characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the initial symptoms at 4, 7, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38 and 45 days after inoculation (DAI). The vermiform J2 stage of Mex was observed until 17 DAI, with populational variation among coffee trees. The same phase with Mpar was observed until 7 DAI, without populational differences flutuaction in Mex sausage-shaped J2 population was observed between 17 and 31 DAI and intensified for the and juveniles of the third and fourth stages (J3/J4) with reduction in the final of this period on Apoatã and IPR 100. The sausage-shaped stage of Mpar was observed at 10 DAI and J3/J4 at 17 DAI, with a higher population in Mundo Novo coffee trees. At the end of the cycle, the female population with eggs of Mex was higher in the Mundo Novo and genotype 2, and the formation of young females with eggs of Mpar was low in all coffee trees except for cv. Mundo Novo. The symptomatology of Mpar and Mex was evidenced by longitudinal cracks in the roots with Mpar and rounded galls, an apparent mass of eggs on the roots with Mex at 45 DAI.

Abstract The phytonematode Meloidogyne paranaensis is one of the main threats to coffee production. The development of Coffea arabica cultivars resistant to this pathogen is an urgent demand for coffee growers. Progenies derived from the wild germplasm Amphillo are considered potential sources of resistance to M. paranaensis, however, the mechanisms involved in this resistance have not yet been elucidated. In the present work, the resistance of different progenies derived from Amphillo was studied and molecular markers associated with resistance were identified. Through the Genomic-Wide Association, SNP markers associated with genes potentially involved in resistance control were identified. A total of 158 genotypes belonging to four progenies derived from crosses between Amphillo and Catuaí Vermelho were analyzed. These coffee plants were phenotyped for five traits related to resistance. A total of 7116 SNP markers were genotyped and, after quality filtering, 931 SNPs were selected to conduct the genome-wide association study. The mixed linear model identified 12 SNPs with significant associations with at least one of the evaluated variables and eighteen genes were mapped. The results obtained support the development of markers for assisted selection, studies on genetic inheritance, and elucidating molecular mechanisms involved in the resistance of C. arabica to M. paranaensis.

A new root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne izalcoensis, was detected on coffee in Brazil. This species was first described on coffee from El Salvador and later detected in Asia and Africa. There are no reports on the genetic diversity of this species and resistance to M. izalcoensis has not yet been studied in coffee cultivars. All populations were identified by esterase phenotype and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) species-specific markers. Based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, low intraspecific variability was detected among M. izalcoensis populations from Africa, Vietnam and Brazil, but the population from El Salvador showed fewer genetic differences from the other populations. Phylogenetically, all populations of M. izalcoensis from different locations (El Salvador, Kenya, Tanzania, Vietnam and Brazil) grouped with 90% and 69% bootstrap support for COII and HSP90 regions, respectively, indicating that these markers are highly conserved for the species. In addition, both markers enabled separation of M. izalcoensis populations from other important coffee Meloidogyne species, including M. exigua, M. paranaensis, M. incognita, M. arabicida and M. lopezi. In resistance studies, most genotypes tested that had resistance to other Meloidogyne spp. (Amphillo x Catuai, Hybrid of Timor, IAPAR 59, IPR 99, IPR 100, IPR 102, IPR 103, IPR 105, IPR 106, IPR 107 and IPR 108) were found to be susceptible to M. izalcoensis, except for the rootstock cv. Apoata IAC 2258, which proved to be moderately resistant, with a genetic segregation for this character of 43.8%.

MGS Guaiçara e MGS Vereda are resistant to Meloidogyne paranaensis, one of the most aggressive nematode parasites of coffee. MGS Vereda is an early maturation cultivar, whereas MGS Guaiçara has a medium maturation cycle. Both cultivars produce red fruit, have high size, and high yield potential in infested areas.

Meloidogyne paranaensis is a species of root-knot nematode that affects coffee (Coffea arabica L.) tree growth by causing severe damages to the plant root. This study evaluated the agronomic performance of Coffea arabica progenies in an M. paranaensis-infested field and assessed the compatibility of resistant C. arabica genotype 28-I-4 (GEN28) as rootstock for susceptible cultivars. Experiment 1: under field conditions, six progenies were analyzed; the controls were 'IPR100' as resistant and 'Catuai Vermelho IAC 144' (CtV144) as susceptible. Experiment 2: under greenhouse conditions, combinations of grafts and rootstocks between susceptible CtV144 and GEN28 were evaluated regarding their resistance to M. paranaensis alongside their noninoculated counterparts. For this, M. paranaensis reproduction factor (RF), total population of the nematode per gram of root system, growth parameters, gas exchange, and water potential (psi(pd)) were evaluated. In Experiment 1, resistant C. arabica progenies were more vigorous, productive, and showed a population of M. paranaensis threefold-times lower than that observed in roots of susceptible CtV144. Among the resistant progenies selected in the field experiment, GEN28 was chosen for physiological compatibility study with the traditional cultivar CtV144. In Experiment 2, the CtV144 grafted onto GEN28 led to resistance to M. paranaensis, as well as a higher leaf area and psi(pd) as compared with nongrafted CtV144. Therefore, the GEN28 holds suitable characteristics to be used as a new Coffea arabica rootstock applied to production of resistant seedlings to Meloidogyne paranaensis nematodes. This technology represents an alternative to keep up coffee activity in infested areas.

Coffee (Coffea spp.) is a crop of significant importance for Brazilian agribusiness, which in 2019 generated a gross revenue of US$3.73 billion. As a perennial crop, coffee stays in the field for many years, subjected to nematode parasitism from the seedling stage throughout the economic life of the plantation. In Brazil, it is a challenge for growers to produce coffee in the presence of the root-knot nematodes (RKN). Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita are the most destructive species and their spread has expanded in recent years. This chapter discusses the economic importance, geographical distribution, host range, damage symptoms, biology and life cycle, interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated management, and management optimization of Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita infesting coffee in Brazil.

Meloidogyne paranaensisis responsible for considerable losses in coffee production. Because of the distribution of this species in the mainCoffea arabicaproducing regions, there is a need for management practices to ensure the sustainability of coffee production. In this work, we evaluated the agronomic performance of resistant clones of the Conilon coffee cultivar Vitoria Incaper 8142 in areas infested byM. paranaensisin the west region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Clones 2V, 3V, and 6V presented the lowest number of nematodes per gram of roots and were considered resistant toM. paranaensis. All other clones were considered tolerant to this nematode, and one had good vegetative growth but allowed nematode reproduction. Clones of Vitoria Incaper 8142 ofC. canephorarepresent an alternative to coffee production in areas infested byM. paranaensisincluding areas traditionally cultivated withC. arabica.

Climate change greatly influences coffee production, especially in areas infested with plant-parasitic nematodes. In this study, coffee genotypes showed differences in their morphological and physiological characteristics when subjected to a water deficit and parasitism by Meloidogyne paranaensis. The cultivar IPR 100 had the largest superficial and volumetric root system area, even when parasitized. The two progenies (MG 0179-1 and MG 0179-3) and the cultivar Catuai IAC 62 had a similar surface area (p < .05) when parasitized. However, the root surface area and volume of MG 0179-3 increased by 96% and 400%, respectively, when parasitized by M. paranaensis. On the other hand, Catuai IAC 62 had a 31% reduction in root surface area. Catuai 62 and IPR 100 showed higher sensitivity to drought when parasitized because of the increased photochemical sensitivity and reduction in photochemical quenching. In MG 0179-1 and MG 0179-3, an increase in non-photochemical quenching occurred in response to stress, indicating that these progenies use a photochemical response to protect photosystem II. In this work, MG 0179-3, which is resistant to M. paranaensis, was remarkable because, interestingly, the infestation caused an increase in its root surface area. In addition, MG 0179-3 had relatively good photochemical performance under water deficit and M. paranaensis parasitism.

Meloidogyne paranaensis is one of the most important pathogenic nematode species on coffee. Our aim with this study was to characterise the resistance of genotype '16-6-1', derived from germplasm 'Amphillo' of Coffea arabica to M. paranaensis. Second-stage juveniles penetrated the roots of '16-6-1' in lower numbers and at a slower pace as compared to the susceptible genotype. The strong blue fluorescence observed in the resistant, but not in the susceptible genotype suggested that resistance responses occurred as early as 2 days after inoculation (DAI). Late responses involved the degradation of the giant cell at 14 DAI onwards in the resistant genotype, whereas nematode and giant cell development progressed normally in the susceptible genotype. Our results suggested that the resistance of genotype '16-6-1' is related to early and late defence responses. These results may be used to develop molecular markers linked to the resistance genes to use in breeding programmes.

The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne paranaensis is considered the major threat in Coffea arabica plantations. Due to the aggressiveness of this nematode, cultivation is virtually impossible without a resistant cultivar. The main goal of this research was to identify resistant progenies derived from crossings of Catuaí and Timor hybrid cultivars in a greenhouse experiment. Additionally, genetic parameters for resistance were estimated to trace selection strategies. Coffee plants were inoculated with 9000 M. paranaensis eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2). Eighty-six plants previously selected in a Meloydogine exigua infested field gave rise to 86 progenies that were evaluated based on the dry matter of aerial parts (DMAP), fresh matter of extracted root (FMER), height (H), and diameter (DIA). The responses of the progenies to nematodes were assessed using the gall index and thickness (GIT), number of eggs J2/g root (NEJGR), and reproduction factor (RF).The cultivars Mundo Novo IAC 379-19, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99, Paraíso MG H 419-1, and IPR 100 were used as susceptible and resistant controls. The GIT is genetically correlated with NEJGR and RF, and could be used in plant selection programs. Five progenies were resistant to M. paranaensis, with two of them not segregated to susceptibility. These progenies are considered multiple resistant to root-knot nematodes because they are also resistant to M. exigua.

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 3Expanded Geographic Distribution of Meloidogyne paranaensis Confirmed on Coffee in Brazil PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseExpanded Geographic Distribution of Meloidogyne paranaensis Confirmed on Coffee in BrazilW. C. Terra, S. M. de Lima Salgado, B. J. dos Reis Fatobene, and V. P. CamposW. C. Terra†Corresponding author: W. C. Terra; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected]http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-6790Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, CP176, Lavras-MG, 37200-000, Brazil; and , S. M. de Lima SalgadoEmpresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, CP176, Lavras-MG, 37200-000, Brazil; and , B. J. dos Reis FatobeneEmpresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, CP176, Lavras-MG, 37200-000, Brazil; and , and V. P. CamposDepartment of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000, Lavras-MG, BrazilAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations W. C. Terra1 † S. M. de Lima Salgado1 B. J. dos Reis Fatobene1 V. P. Campos2 1Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, CP176, Lavras-MG, 37200-000, Brazil; and 2Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-000, Lavras-MG, Brazil Published Online:21 Jan 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-18-1502-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Meloidogyne paranaensis, the most destructive root-knot nematode (RKN) on coffee in Brazil (Campos and Villain 2005), was described in 1996 in the state of Paraná, Brazil (Carneiro et al. 1996). M. paranaensis-parasitized coffee plants have demonstrated symptoms of chlorosis, defoliation, reduced growth, and often plant death in extensive areas. It was first recorded in the mountainous coffee of Minas Gerais, in the southeastern region of Brazil, in 2008, and later in three other counties despite the quarantine regulations enforced by the state government (Castro et al. 2008; Salgado et al. 2015). The state of Minas Gerais produces 50% of the Brazilian coffee, which represents 15% of the world's coffee production (Krishnan 2017). The Cerrado region of Minas Gerais produces 25% of the state's coffee using the most modern, innovative, and technological coffee farming in Brazil. In response to the claim of coffee vigor decline and production by farmers of this region of Minas Gerais, a survey was undertaken. In this survey, 153 samples were collected from 105 farms in 11 counties. The RKN species found were characterized using esterase phenotypes (Carneiro and Almeida 2001) and confirmed by molecular identification using the sequence characterized amplified region technique as described by Randig et al. (2002). M. paranaensis was found in 11.4% of the sampled farms in seven coffee-producing counties. M. exigua, known as the most widespread but less aggressive RKN species in coffee plantations in Brazil (Castro et al. 2008), was detected in all counties in 54.2% of the sampled farms. Pathogenicity of the M. paranaensis to coffee was confirmed by infection of coffee seedlings. Coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica 'Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144') were transplanted into 5-liter pots filled with autoclaved soil. After 3 weeks, 1,500 s-stage juveniles (J2) of each M. paranaensis population collected from the field were inoculated into three coffee seedlings. A total of 36 pots were used for the experiment, consisting of 12 populations and three replicates. Five months after inoculation, 9,050 to 15,122 nematodes (eggs or J2) were recovered from each coffee seedling with 0.5% NaOCl according to the method of Hussey and Barker (1973), using a blender instead of manual shaking. The roots of the coffee plants parasitized by M. paranaensis showed cracking, peeling, and intense necrosis. No galls were observed in inoculated plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. paranaensis in Araguari, Carmo do Paranaíba, Indianópolis, Monte Carmelo, and Rio Paranaíba, Brazil. Previously, M. paranaensis had been detected in only two other counties of the Cerrado region (Castro et al. 2003). The rapid spread M. paranaensis in the Cerrado region might be owing to the intensive use of harvesting machines. Although nematicides can be used to treat against M. exigua, infection of susceptible coffee with the more aggressive M. paranaensis requires their removal, followed by replanting, which is an expensive operation. The consequence of the M. paranaensis outbreak in Brazil is the discouragement of coffee farmers, who may sell the land or change to grain farming.References:Campos, V. P., and Villain, L. 2005. Page 529 in: Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, 2nd Ed. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851997278.0529 Crossref, Google ScholarCarneiro, R. M. D. G., and Almeida, M. R. A. 2001. Nematol. Bras. 25:35. Google ScholarCarneiro, R. M. D. G., et al. 1996. J. Nematol. 28:177. ISI, Google ScholarCastro, J. M. C., et al. 2003. Fitopatol. Bras. 28:565. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-41582003000500018 Crossref, Google ScholarCastro, J. M. C., et al. 2008. Nematol. Bras. 32:56. Google ScholarHussey, R. S., and Barker, K. R. 1973. Plant Dis. Rep. 57:1025. ISI, Google ScholarKrishnan, S. 2017. Sustainable coffee production. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Environmental Science. Online publication. doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389414.013.224 Google ScholarRandig, O., et al. 2002. Genome 45:862. https://doi.org/10.1139/g02-054 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarSalgado, S. M. L., et al. 2015. Coffee Sci. 10:475. Google ScholarFunding: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by FAPEMIG, INCT- Café, and Consórcio Pesquisa Café.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 3 March 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 6 Mar 2019Published: 21 Jan 2019First Look: 9 Oct 2018Accepted: 5 Oct 2018 Pages: 589-589 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byCoffea arabica rootstock resistant to Meloidogyne paranaensis nematodes26 March 2022 | Crop Science, Vol. 62, No. 3Meloidogyne exigua (coffee root-knot nematode)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumMeloidogyne paranaensis (Parana coffee root-knot nematode)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumMGS Guaiçara and MGS Vereda: Coffea arabica cultivars resistant to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne paranaensis1 January 2022 | Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, Vol. 22, No. 3Root morphology, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of coffee cultivars and progenies are altered by Meloidogyne paranaensis infestation and water deficitJournal of Phytopathology, Vol. 168, No. 4

E crescente a importância dos nematoides como fatores limitantes a cafeicultura. Tendo em vista a dificuldade do manejo da cultura em areas infestadas, os programas de melhoramento tem focado na selecao de genotipos resistentes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar metabolitos por meio de analises de ressonância magnetica nuclear (RMN de 1 H), relacionados a resistencia do genotipo 16-6-I de Coffea arabica , derivado do germoplasma Amphillo, a Meloidogyne paranaensis . Dentre as substâncias identificadas, a alteracao mais significativa observada foi o aumento da concentracao de trigonelina aos 14 DAI em plantas suscetiveis. Aos 14 DAI, diferencas discretas tambem foram observadas na concentracao de cafeina, acido clorogenico, α-glicose, β-glicose entre plantas resistentes e suscetiveis, sendo a concentracao desses metabolitos maior nas plantas suscetiveis, e em geral mantida ate os 22 DAI. Maiores concentracoes de sacarose foram observadas a partir dos 2 DAI em plantas resistentes, possivelmente bloqueando a acao de citocinas, indispensaveis para a formacao e manutencao dos sitios de alimentacao.

A crescente disseminacao de Meloidogyne paranaensis nas regioes produtoras de cafe tem dificultado o manejo e manutencao da cultura. Genotipos de Coffea arabica derivados de Amphillo foram selecionadas em areas naturalmente infestadas com esse nematoide e foram instalados em areas infestadas por M. exigua . Seis progenies e dois controles – resistente e suscetivel - foram instalados em Carmo do Paranaiba, regiao do Cerrado Mineiro em lavoura irrigada. Analisando o percentual de incremento nas variaveis de crescimento das plantas observa-se maior incremento no DC e NR das progenies 44A e 105 em relacao as cultivares Catuai e IPR-100. As progenies 44B, 20A e 105 apresentam-se como progenies promissoras em area irrigada e infestada por M. exigua .