Water is a vital resource for humankind. However, its use in many industries has resulted in the generation of polluted wastewater that requires proper treatment before its disposal back into the natural environment or for reuse. Various methods have been employed for wastewater treatment, and it has been observed that trace amounts of pollutants such as heavy metals and dyes are removed at the tertiary level of the wastewater treatment. Various physical, chemical and biological methods are being used, and the current trend is to explore novel materials for the treatment of wastewater. One such aspect in the league is the use of magnetic nanomaterials, which has received the attention of the researchers in the past two decades. The role of magnetic nanomaterials in the removal of major inorganic and organic pollutants from wastewater has been emphasized due to their eco-friendly nature, high removal capacity and their ease of removal after use. They have shown a great potential for the removal of water pollutants. The development of magnetic nanomaterials, general mechanism of treatment, different modification methods and characterization techniques are discussed. The regeneration methods for the reuse of nanomaterials have an added advantage of making these materials economically viable. Thus, they may solve the purpose of improving the quality of our water resources.

The apparent molar volumes (V-phi), partial molar volumes and limiting molar expansibilities, (E-phi(0)) of one of the bronchospasm drugs namely Asthalin-4 have been determined in water and in binary aqueous mixtures of ethanol (w/w) from the experimentally determined densities at five temperatures T = 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15K. The observed data have been analysed with the help of Masson's equation and expressed in terms of and parameters which provided the information regarding the presence of solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions. All the above-mentioned quantities are used to explicate that Asthalin-4 as a drug acts as a structure-making capability in the given solvent systems.

Density and ultra sound velocity of different concentration of Etodolac in pure water and in pure methanol as solvent systems have been studied experimentally at five different temperatures (298 K to 318 K).This measured data used further to calculate the apparent molar volume φv, partial molar volume φv , at infinite dilution. The obtainable results have been interpreted in terms of solute – solute and solute – solvent interactions.

The objective of this work is to study the adsorption capacity of activated carbon prepared from the peels of a fruit named Citrus limetta which is abundantly available and is usually thrown as a waste material. Surface characterization of the adsorbent prepared was done using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution using a bioadsorbent has been investigated through batch adsorption studies on various parameters such as pH (1-9), adsorbent dosage (0.05-0.25g/50 mL), contact time and initial dye concentration (100-500 mg/L). The experimental data were also fitted to standard kinetic models (pseudofirst-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich). Kinetics of the adsorption was best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. Among these, the data were best fitted to Langmuir isotherm. A Weber-Morris plot indicated that diffusion was not the only mechanism responsible for the adsorption. The adsorption capacity of C. limetta peel carbon (CLPC) was determined to know the effectiveness of an adsorbent in removing MB dye. Results showed that CLPC is suitable for the adsorption of MB and could be used as a low cost-effective adsorbent in the treatment of wastewater.

Direct enantioseparation of (±)-terbutaline has been achieved by ligand-exchange thin-layer chromatography. Enantiomerically pure L-amino acids (namely, L-tryptophan, L-phenyl alanine, and L-histidine) and Cu(II) acetate were used for the preparation of ligand-exchange reagents. Three different approaches were adopted for impregnating the plate with ligand-exchange reagents. The solvent system MeCN-CH2Cl2-MeOH-H2O, in different proportions, was found to be successful for enantioseparation. The results obtained with all the approaches have been compared. The effect of the concentration of Cu(II) acetate and a chiral selector has also been investigated. The spots were located in an iodine chamber.