A single session art therapy intervention for Korean-Ukrainians who sought refuge in South Korea integrated Psychological First Aid (PFA) protocols in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The program incorporated the World Health Organization recommended tasks of “look, listen, and link” in a thoughtfully executed two-hour timeframe for adults and children. The program enabled participants to imagine safety, develop self and collective efficacy, and affirm connectedness and hope. From this program, art therapists can work within a PFA framework by emphasizing emotional expression as well as building connections and social networks.

Since Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, there has been an urgent need to provide mental healthcare and share various practices for Ukrainian war refugees. This study urgently focuses on the need for art therapy to support the mental health of Ukrainian refugees, Koryo-saram, who are staying in the Republic of Korea due to the wartime emergency. It also examines the impact of art therapy intervention on anxiety and subjective stress. The single-session art therapy with the 54 Koryo-saram refugees aged 13-68 showed the effectiveness of the art therapy intervention. The results indicate that GAD-7 (t = 3.092, p = 0.003) and SUDs (t = 3.335, p = 0.002) were statistically significant within the intervention group. In addition, satisfaction assessments of the qualitatively analyzed participants showed that Ukrainian Koryo-saram had a positive experience of art therapy. Therefore single-session art therapy in this study demonstrated the efficacy of art therapy for the anxiety and subjective distress of Ukrainian Koryo-saram refugees. This result suggests that the intervention of art therapy as immediate mental healthcare for refugees facing war could benefit the mental health of Koryo-saram refugees.

Since February 2022, the Ukrainian refugee crisis has been highlighting mental health problems associated with trauma and distress. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health status of twenty-seven refugee minors (10 to 18 years old) who fled Ukraine and temporarily settled in the Republic of Korea (ROK). This cross-sectional survey study aimed to evaluate the mental health status of ethnic Korean Ukrainian refugee minors. The Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen—Youth Report (CATS), generalized anxiety disorder seven-item scale (GAD-7), and subjective unit of distress scale (SUDs) were used for assessment. A preliminary analysis indicated that 77% Ukrainian refugee minors were exposed to and experienced war-related trauma. They are at a relatively low risk of trauma symptoms, anxiety, and distress due to stable family and visa status and a comparably better environment in the ROK. Meanwhile, refugee teenagers showed higher rates of psychological distress compared with refugee children. This finding suggests that an early psychological interventions in a host country may be beneficial to prevent mental health issues in refugee minors.

연구 목적: 이 연구는 재한 베트남 유학생의 대학 만족 및 한국어 수준이 대학 적응에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연구 방법: 연구 방법은 전남 D대학교 155명의 베트남 유학생을 대상으로 베트남어로 쓰인 설문지를 받아 분석하였다. 연구 내용: 이 논문의 연구 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국에서 유학 생활을 하면서 가장 크게 느끼는 어려움은 한국 사회의 베트남인에 대한 차별, 취업 관련 정보의 부족, 외로움, 생활비 또는 주거비로 분석되었다. 둘째, 베트남 유학생의 한국 체류 기간, 출생연도, 한국어 강의 이해 정도와 학교 적응 간의 관계는 통계학적으로 유의미한 결과를 보여주지 못했지만, 남학생과 여학생 집단 간의 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 베트남 유학생의 대학 만족이 높을수록 대학 적응에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로, 한국어 수준이 높을수록 대학 적응에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 결론 및 제언: 결론적으로 베트남 유학생들의 대학 적응에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 대학 만족으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 통해 베트남 유학생들의 한국 및 대학 만족도 향상을 위한 한국인과의 다양한 교류 및 상호작용이 가능한 프로그램 연계와 관계 기관의 정책적 접근의 필요성을 제시하였다.

Background The effect of a forest therapy in a natural environment noted that the forest therapy induced a state of relaxation among workers, thereby decreasing cortisol levels and work-related stress. Objective The primary objective of this study is to determine the effects of the forest therapy for employees in the manufacturing industry on psychological stress responds, stress hormone and heart rate variability (HRV). The secondary objective is to determine the effects of the forest therapy for employees in the manufacturing industry on cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells, health-related quality of life and mood states compare to urban untreated and remained in urban environment. Methods Forty-two employees were recruited from a single workplace located in Incheon city, Republic of Korea. Participants were allocated to either an experimental group (n= 21), wherein they participated in the forest therapy and or a control group (n= 21), wherein they were given no treatment. Participants were assigned to these groups on a randomized, open-label basis. Pre and post-test measures of natural killer (NK) cell activity, salivary cortisol, heart rate variability (HRV), health-related quality of life, stress response, and mood states were taken for both groups. Results The results showed that participants who took part in the forest therapy showed greater physiological improvement when compared to those in the control group, as indicated by a significant increase in some HRV measures. The forest therapy also contributed to a significantly greater decrease in work-related stress symptoms and a significantly greater improvement in health-related quality of life and mood states compared to participants in the control group. Conclusions These results may suggest that the forest therapy could be an effective means of relaxation technique, reducing stress and leads to an increase in positive mood for employees in the manufacturing industry.

Background Art therapy is useful for immigrant youth to reduce depression, anxiety and stress through visualised images. Aim This study determined indications of psychological outcomes, acceptability and satisfaction of art therapy among Korean immigrant youth. Methods A quasi-experiment (one-group pre-, post-test) design, with 25 young people (13-24 years old) in the Republic of Korea receiving five weekly sessions of art therapy from November 2020 to March 2021. Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 and Perceived Stress Scale were used as psychological measurements to determine the programme's indications of outcomes; acceptability and satisfaction were measured. Results The level of depression severity and perceived stress level was improved and the level of depression severity was maintained at the three-month follow-up as a result of art therapy. According to the acceptance rate, 79.2% found it useful and 78.2% found it enjoyable. Conclusions Art therapy for Korean immigrant youth has the promising result. However, extensive study is necessary to rigorously examine its effectiveness and develop interventions suitable across cultures. Implications for practice This study showed that art therapy could be an acceptable and efficacious therapeutic mental health intervention for immigrant youth who face challenges with verbal communication and undergo acculturative stress. Plain-language summary This study was conducted to examine the outcomes of psychological measurements, and acceptability of, as well as satisfaction with, five sessions of art therapy delivered to 25 Korean immigrant youths (13-24 years old). The study found positive changes perceived by immigrant youths. The levels of depression severity and perceived stress were improved, and the reduced depression severity was maintained at the three-month follow-up. The study also reported art therapy as 79.2% found it useful and 78.2% found it enjoyable, contributing to their psychological stability. Overall, art therapy could be an acceptable and efficacious therapeutic mental health intervention for immigrant youths, who face challenges with verbal communication and experience acculturative stress.

This paper traces life and death of Nora, the Korean woman, in The Architecture of Loss (2004) by Julia Cho, the play about the interracial American family, where intertextuality with Buried Child by Sam Shepard plays a key role in identifying the racial anxiety of the (white) American family. Nora’s life as a survivor of the Korean War, former sex-worker at the U.S army base, and military bride to Richard must be examined in the context of the U.S that exploited and commodified the racial other to found and build the nation. Burdened with the secret of racialized violence, the American family conforms to the white national identity and fears the racial other’s intrusion, symptomized as incest for the racial purity and familicide of the (racial) other. This ritual of reproduction of the white American family, however, condemns its members by trapping them in the mythical cycle of wrong sacrifice and failure of revitalization, lest they should accept the racial other as a change, not an intrusion.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of mindfulness-based mandala coloring made within nature on individuals with chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP). Thirty-six participants were randomly allocated. In the experimental group, identical interventions and procedures were administered for each experiment. The control group members were untreated and remained in an urban environment. Overall, the experiment showed significant improvements in tender points (f = 8.791, p = 0.006), total stress level (f = 14.570, p = 0.001), depressive symptoms (f = 15.205, p = 0.001), anger symptoms (f = 7.263, p = 0.011) and salivary cortisol (f = 10.619, p = 0.003) in the experimental group. The results reflect that MBMC within nature is effective in reducing pain, psychological stress responses, and cortisol levels in individuals with CWP. The positive results could be a product of the experimental design rather than the treatment itself. A rigorous experimental design provides better understanding of MBMC within nature.

The authors regret that the acknowledgement statement was missing in the above article. The following statement should be included in acknowledgement section “This work was supported by the research fund of Hanyang University (HY-2009-MC). ” The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. Computerized analysis of calcification of thyroid nodules as visualized by ultrasonographyEuropean Journal of RadiologyVol. 84Issue 10PreviewUltrasonography (US) is one of the major diagnostic tools used for detection and differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Several features that can be viewed on US have been widely used as diagnostic tools, including shape (“taller-than-wide”), spiculated margins, marked hypoechogenicity, microcalcifications, and macrocalcifications [1–3]. Using these criteria, the diagnostic-value measures of thyroid US have been estimated to be: sensitivity = 83.3–93.0%, specificity = 66.0–74.0%, positive predictive value (PPV) = 56.1–70.3%, negative predictive value (NPV) = 85.8–95.9%, and accuracy = 74.8–78.0% [2,4]. Full-Text PDF

Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) are autosomal recessive, heterogenous disorders characterized clinically by neonatal hypotonia, delayed motor milestones, joint contractures, and dystrophic changes in the muscles. The classic forms of CMDs are subclassified into merosin positive and deficient (negative) types. Merosin (laminin chain)-negative CMD is caused by the mutation in the basal lamina of the 2 chain gene (LAMA2 gene at 6q22-23). Merosin deficiency could disrupt the attachment of muscle cell to the extracellular matrix and lead to muscle cell necrosis. We report a case of merosin-negative CMD, confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of muscle samples, which is uncommon form in Korea.

본 연구는 불소 유리 수복재의 불소 유리 및 재흡수 양상을 비교 평가하기 위하여 수복 후 45일간 불소 유리량을 측정하고, 이후 APF 젤과 불소 바니쉬 도포 후 재흡수된 불소의 유리 양상과 주사 전자현미경을 이용한 시편의 표면 거칠기 변화를 비교 평가하고자 하였다. 복합레진, 유동성 복합레진, 컴포머, 광중합형 글라스 아이오노머, 자가중합형 글라스 아이오노머를 시편으로 제작하여 시편에서 방출되는 불소의 양을 처음 일주일 동안은 1일 간격으로 측정하고 8일에서 38일 사이는 3일 간격으로 측정하였다. 불소가 완전히 유리된 후 APF 젤과 불소 바니쉬를 도포하여 4주간 불소 유리의 변화와 주사 전자현미경을 이용한 시편의 표면 거칠기를 비교 평가한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 불소 유리 수복재에서 38일 동안 불소 유리는 유동성 복합레진은 1 ppm이하로, 컴포머는 1-2 ppm, 글라스 아이오노머는 2-8 ppm 으로 지속적인 유리가 관찰되었고, 실험 45일 경과 후 불소 유리는 거의 되지 않았다. 2. 불소 도포 후의 불소 유리는 불소 바니쉬보다 APF 젤 도포 후가 증가되었다. 불소 도포 첫날의 불소 유리에서 불소 바니쉬는 0.6-0.2 ppm, APF 젤은 0.6-2.6 ppm으로 유의 할 만한 차이를 보였고 (p 【In the child, it is very important that he/she will have the ability to suppress aesthetic restorative materials of secondary caries. With the representative preventive material against caries, the importance of fluoride is more emphasized. This study examined the differences in fluoride release and re-uptake among some restorative materials, following a treatment of APF gel and fluoride varnish. The surface roughness was observed under scanning electron microscope. Studying this will provide for the research to find effective restorative materials and fluoride type in tooth caries prevention. It is applied from presence at a clinic that restorative materials are resin, flowable resin, compomer and glass ionomer. Fluoride release was measured at 24-hour intervals for 7 days, 3-day intervals from 8th to 38th day using an ion-selective electrode and analyzer. Then, the materials were treated with the fluoride gel and fluoride varnish respectively, fluoride release was measured and specimens were evaluated under scanning electron microscope for 4 weeks. It was concluded that 1. Fluoride was released for 38 days from restorative materials under 1 ppm in case of flowable resin, 1-2 ppm in compomer and 2-8 ppm in glass ionomer, a few of fluoride was released after 45 days 2. Fluoride has more releasing after application of APF gel than fluoride varnish. Fluoride re-uptake was observed under 0.6-0.2 ppm in fluoride varnish and 0.6-2.6 ppm in APF gel after starting the procedure one day(p】