为了降低腐蚀对油气管线运行的危害,探究SO42-与HCO3协同作用对管线钢腐蚀行为的作用机制,利用交流阻抗技术和动电位极化技术研究不同浓度的SO42-与HCO3-对X70管线钢在中性土壤环境(沈阳土壤)模拟溶液中电化学腐蚀行为的影响,并结合金相显微镜对管线钢表面的腐蚀形貌进行表征.结果 表明:随着HCO3-与SO42-浓度的增大,X70钢电极表面均表现出点蚀坑面积不断扩大、深度也逐渐加深的现象,并且试样的腐蚀电流密度增大,腐蚀程度越来越严重.尤其当HCO3与SO42-浓度比例为5∶20时,X70钢的腐蚀电流密度最大,腐蚀速率最快.而当HCO3-与SO42-浓度比例为20∶5时,X70钢表面发生钝化,生成致密的钝化膜,降低了X70钢的腐蚀.不同HCO3-与SO42-浓度比例变化能够对X70管线钢产生不同的协同效应,从而影响金属电极表面膜的状态,导致金属的腐蚀行为不同.

为了探明土壤中腐蚀性离子对管线钢的作用机制,降低油气管道的运行风险,采用交流阻抗技术(EIS)和动电位极化技术研究了SO42-对X70管线钢在沈阳土壤模拟溶液中腐蚀的影响,并结合金相显微镜对管线钢表面的腐蚀形貌进行表征.结果 表明:在沈阳土壤模拟溶液中,随着SO42-浓度的增加,X70管线钢的腐蚀速率变大;SO42-浓度由0.01％增至0.02％时,X70管线钢的腐蚀电流密度增幅较大,当SO42-浓度达到0.20％时,其腐蚀最为严重,此时试样表面点蚀坑深度较深,腐蚀坑面积扩大且连成一片;在沈阳土壤模拟溶液中Cl-的存在在改变了X70管线钢表面的电化学腐蚀环境,随着SO42-浓度增大,SO42-优先于Cl-吸附于试样表面,将部分Cl-封存在腐蚀坑中从而加快了X70管线钢的腐蚀速率.

基于风险的检验(Risk Based Inspection,RBI)技术是一种可以将风险控制在企业可接受范围内并能合理配置检验资源的新型检验技术.相比于传统的检测技术,基于风险的检验(RBI)技术能够有针对性地分析识别各个设备的风险等级并制定出相应的方案,既能保证系统设备的安全性,又能减少企业的风险控制成本.介绍了RBI技术的由来、内容及原理,总结分析了定性分析法、半定量分析法和定量分析法等RBI分析方法的研究现状与进展.分析讨论了定性分析法、半定量分析法和定量分析法这3种RBI分析方法的优缺点,提出了RBI技术目前应用于油气集输管网所存在的实际问题,对RBI技术在油气管道上的应用进行了展望.

为了探明Cl-浓度对海水环境下金属材料的腐蚀影响,通过极化曲线、交流阻抗和循环伏安曲线,并结合Mott-Schottky曲线,分析了在不同Cl-浓度的海水模拟溶液中316L不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为.结果表明:在海水环境中,高浓度的Cl-环境会使316L不锈钢试件的容抗弧直径减小,腐蚀电位下降,抗腐蚀能力变弱;在高Cl-浓度下,不锈钢表面钝化膜更易破裂,且钝化膜的自我修复能力受到抑制;Cl-浓度越大,空间电荷层厚度减少变化趋势越快,钝化膜腐蚀溶解的速率越快,316L不锈钢发生腐蚀的概率越大.

分析了中国石油广西石化公司UNIPOL工艺聚丙烯装置在整个生产过程中的主要污染源,介绍了针对装置的共性问题采取的主要清洁生产措施,并提出了相应的改进方向.

根据南方某炼油厂5000m3内浮顶罐抽憋的具体事例,分析了5000m3内浮顶罐抽憋事故发生的原因,并针对此次油罐抽憋事故的原因,制定了相应的修复方案及预防措施.

为实现大港油田"绿色"开发建设,从两个角度对可开发新能源资源量进行了综合经济技术评价.按可开发难易程度排序依次为:风电、太阳能、地热、植物能源,这些能源都不具备规模开发的经济价值.但是在个别偏远场站,新能源风电具有小规模利用的经济价值.如在张21-1井场试验应用了抽油机风光电互补发电系统,年节约柴油费用192207万元,年减少CO2排放56901 kg.应用结果表明,风光互补发电系统对抽油机供电能够大幅降低能源消耗,为边远区块进一步开采、稳产开辟了一条节能降耗的新路.

碳四加氢装置初步设计处理能力为4.7t/h,目前碳四加工量最高达到7t/h.通过对加氢装置原有设备核算,找出制约提高加氢产能瓶颈,为装置的扩能改造做准备,改造后可以将处理能力提升至10t/h.

介绍了镍系加氢催化剂在C4加氢装置上的应用,C4加氢装置于2013年9月份加工炼油厂气分装置尾气轻C4,原料组成与之前发生了一定的变化,烯烃含量的升高对加氢反应的影响十分明显.

针对辽河油田欧利坨油田37块油藏的特点，利用该区块原油和岩心进行 CO2吞吐试验。研究表明，随着CO2注入量的增大，体积系数、膨胀系数、溶解汽油比和饱和压力呈增长趋势，其中溶解汽油比增幅较大，饱和压力增幅较小，而黏度、密度呈下降趋势，且降幅很小；随 CO2注入量的增大，溶解汽油比呈快速增长趋势，饱和压力增长趋势不明显；在实际施工中，采用第1周期进行 CO2吞吐较为适宜，并将CO2注入量控制在0.15PV。

T he equipment maintenance in the petrochemical industry and application of RCM in petrochemical equipments and key units are briefly introduced .

综合利用地震、钻井、测井资料,作者对长岭断陷地层特征进行总结,并且详细分析断陷内岩性特征及地震反射特征.

主要阐述了活性炭纤维吸附原理,并对国内苯废气处理工艺过程作一比较.目前,活性炭纤维对苯废气的吸附应用较为广泛,并且具有较为广阔的发展前景.

On account of the difficult questions of a strip of double-fault-style rift basin-Yitong Basin stratigraphic correlation, this article, studies the features of the secondary and tertiary sequence boundary and sets up a sequence stratigraphic framework on the basis of the analysis of the regional structure, stratigraphy, sediment characteristics. Authors believe that Tf surface ultimately belongs to the secondary sequence surface through a comprehensive analysis of a number of ways, however, it is not the regional unconformity; authors have finally solved the attribution problem of the Y1 formation by the comparison of Tc, Td unconformity level .Using of logging, drilling, seismic and other data, combining with seismic and wells, suming up the characteristics of each sequence stratigraphy, systematically dividing and comparingthe formation ofYitongBasin, the standards ofdivision and correlation ofvarious layer are set up.

Luxiang fault depression is a first-order tectonic unit of Yitong Basin. The strata in the fault depression feature in new era, multiple source, and rapid deposition. There exist many problems in conventional stratigraphic division and correlation and traditional sequence division. Based on the clear understanding of two third-order sequences of Wanchang Formation in southern Luxiang fault depression, analyzing the attributes of maximum entropy spectrum, fourth-order sequences are identified accurately. The method has many advantages such as no limit to sampling length and higher resolution to the spectra. It may be used to accurately identify the location of maximum flooding surface. Furthermore, it provides a more intuitive understanding of the characteristics of system tract and cycling within the third-order sequence.

通过不同稳定剂对酸性化学镀液稳定性、镀速以及使用周期影响情况的试验考查,发现用量为4～5 mg/L的复合型稳定剂稳定效果优于单一稳定剂;在同样施镀条件下,添加复合稳定剂后使用周期由原来的4～5个周期提高到8～9个周期.

Lithologic reservoir has been the main reservoir type in shallow and middle strata exploration in southern Songliao Basin,but the identification of channel sand body is still a challenge for the geophysical researchers for a long time.On the basis of 3D seismic newly finished in Chahuagan area and the new idea of "searching for river rather than sand,then river for sand",calibrating the target is to carry out the interpretation accurately.Using seismic attributes analysis technique to divide seismic facies and identify the stream channel in order to find out the channel sand body was carried out.The result showed that it is possible to identify the stream channel by using the seismic attributes under the semi-shallow and shallow lake sedimentary environments,and that the lateral information of the seismic data supports the vertical resolution.This technique makes a high oil production.