根据NB 35047-2015《水电工程水工建筑物抗震设计规范》和《澜沧江苗尾水电站枢纽工程竣工安全鉴定工作大纲》规定要求,应按照设定地震法确定场地相关设计反应谱,作为人工合成地震波的目标谱,对苗尾水电站砾质土心墙堆石坝进行抗震复核计算.根据地震动参数复核结果,结合坝料动力试验成果,采用非线性动力有限元法对苗尾水电站砾质土心墙堆石坝进行抗震复核分析.复核结果表明,大坝抗震安全性能良好,满足规范要求.

介绍了一种可以考虑剪胀效应、中主应力影响以及强度非线性的粗粒料非线性模型(hhu-KG模型).在次弹性理论的基础上将其扩展为一般应力空间中的应力应变关系,并基于土石坝静动力流固耦合可视化分析软件平台开发了该模型的有限元计算程序.采用该模型和邓肯E-B模型对某面板堆石坝进行了三维有限元数值模拟,并对两种模型的模拟结果进行了对比分析.结果显示,相较于邓肯E-B模型,hhu-KG模型计算所得到的最大沉降值与最大面板挠度值略小,而最大顺河向位移值略大,但是两种模型计算所得的坝体与面板变形分布规律大致相同,且符合工程的一般规律,验证了基于次弹性理论推导的刚度系数矩阵的合理性,同时也说明了hhu-KG模型在土石坝静力有限元分析中的适用性.研究成果为粗颗粒土在土石坝的应用提供参考.

The protection provided by filter I for the corewall constitutes an important safety guarantee for the impervious bodies of corewall dams. In particular, the fine particle content (the content of particles < 0.075 mm in size) of filter I provides a filter protection effect for the corewall. Furthermore, this also determines its own drainage characteristics as an important gradation requirement for filter design. In practical engineering, due to the nature of the aggregate source, the crushing and screening process, and rolling construction, the fine particle content may exceed relevant standards. Relying on the field measured gradation envelope of the filter of a gravelly earth core rockfill dam project, this study prepared two classes of filter I (i.e., filter I of class I with a fine particle content of 8%, and filter I of class II with a fine particle content of 12%). Permeability property test, large-scale compression test, large-scale static triaxial test, and large-scale dynamic triaxial test were conducted. Furthermore, dynamic finite-element calculation of the dam under seismic action was performed, and the anti-seismic liquefaction property of the filter was analyzed. According to the permeability property test, the permeability coefficients of the two classes of filter I were both 1∼5×10−3 cm/s. Lower content of particles < 0.075 mm in size increased the permeability coefficient. According to the mechanical test, the stress-strain test curves of both classes of filter I presented nonlinearity, compressive hardening, elastoplasticity, and other general laws. The strength index and deformation resistance both increased with increasing relative density. Under the same relative density, both strength index and deformation resistance declined with increasing fine particle content. According to the dynamic finite-element anti-seismic liquefaction analysis on filter I of class II (with a content of particles < 0.075 mm in size of 12%) under seismic action, the liquefaction degree had a maximum value of 0.58 (less than 0.8), and the anti-liquefaction safety coefficient had a minimum value of 1.72, which would not trigger liquefaction of filter I. This experimental study and computational analysis offers references for the exploration of the gradation design of filter I of earth core rockfill dams and investigates the related engineering influence.

竹寿水库大坝加高工程拟采用面板堆石坝培厚加高原有粘土心墙石渣坝,加高高度38.4 m,加高后坝体高度98.1 m,为目前国内外类似工程中规模最大的工程.笔者简述了竹寿水库大坝加高的防渗形式选择、坝体结构设计、新老坝体防渗体系连接设计等.采用现场原位物理力学试验获得的新老坝料参数,对加高培厚施工、水库蓄水及地震工况下的加高坝体、尤其是防渗体系的应力应变情况进行了计算分析与探讨,得出在各工况下,大坝坝体及防渗体结构应力及变形在材料承受范围之内,大坝结构及防渗体安全满足要求.同时,针对竣工期河床段趾板受上部培厚坝体填筑影响而沉降差较大的问题,分别拟定了调整施工顺序方案、趾板断面分期施工方案、趾板下部基础超高填筑方案与趾板断面体型调整方案四种方案对比,经过对比得出适用于本工程最优方案.

结合水工模型试验及技施阶段现场施工情况,对苗尾水电站岸边溢洪道布置、水力设计、结构设计及基础处理设计的优化情况进行介绍.苗尾水电站地处云南澜沧江中游峡谷,具有下泄流量大、水头高等特点.因下游消能区基岩抗冲能力差,故泄洪消能设计经多方案比选,泄洪消能建筑物采用岸边开敞式溢洪道全表孔布置方案,溢洪道采用差动式挑流鼻坎消能,下游防冲建筑物采用护岸不护底的方案.

苗尾水电站大坝高,采用宽级配砾质土作为土石坝心墙防渗料.前期对全料场进行了大量的室内工程特性试验研究,并选取有代表性的苗尾寨土料进行压实特性试验以研究填筑含水率与干密度、压实度之间关系,并据此提出了设计及施工控制标准.通过现场碾压试验,验证了该控制标准的合理性.

It is recognized that air expansion of geomembrane is essentially a three-phase coupled problem,which is water-air-solid in unsaturated soil,and is influenced by the rise of ground water level,storage of the reservoir and the rapid draw down of the water level in the reservoir.In this respect,a special laboratory equipment for the air expansion test of geomembrane is developed.Air expansion tests are then conducted to explore the variations of the displacement,gas pressure,suction,pore water pressure and vertical earth pressure under different working conditions.The test results show that the pore air pressure and pore water pressure are increased with the rise of the ground water level and the magnitude of the air pressure is dependent on the rising amplitude of groundwater level.It is found that the pore pressure of the soil under the geomembrane is significantly increased due to the increased water pressure during storage in the reservoir,and air expansion failure in the geomembrane is more likely to be induced at the initial storage period,especially when the unsaturated zone between the ground water level and geomembrane is small.It is therefore suggested that a certain amount of preloading could be applied over the geomembrane to prevent its expansion behaviour.As the pore pressure response below the geomembrane is usually later than the preloading above the geomembrane,pore pressure would become larger than the preloading applied during the rapid draw down of water level in the reservoir,which will lead to the air expansion failure on the geomembrane.

苗尾水电站右岸坝前边坡位于心墙堆石坝上游侧,边坡地质条件差、运行工况复杂,边坡稳定性差.设计中对边坡变形特性进行分析、评价,论证边坡加固处理的必要性,并对加固处理后的边坡进行计算复核.对边坡进行加固后,边坡整体稳定性提高,各工况下边坡稳定安全系数均能满足要求.

苗尾水电站地处云南省大理州,大坝坝型为砾质土心墙堆石坝,大坝心墙设计需用土料约180万m3.现场调查发现,大坝坝址及各土料场均分布有大量白蚁,如不采取措施对其进行灭杀处理,大坝建造过程中和建成后,它们会通过大坝两端与山体连接处侵入大坝,进而危害大坝安全.苗尾水电站大坝在填筑前、填筑中和填筑后分别采用灭蚁药、诱虫灯等设备对白蚁进行监控和灭杀,为大坝的长久安全运行提供了有力保障.

With the improved living standards, environmental health has been a matter of widespread concern, due to the imperfections of the current sanitation supervision techniques, illegal dumping, Daomaidaomai phenomenon have occurred on the surrounding living environment brought great damage. This paper presents a RFID (radio frequency dynamic access technology), GPS (global positioning technology), GPRS (mobile communication technology), GIS (geographic information technology) and a number of digital information technology in one, unified management for sanitation vehicles information system platform. Functionally, the design of the transit vehicle terminals and vehicle monitoring platform for the two subsystems. Among them, the in-transit vehicle terminal is completed in-vehicle cargo weight information, location information, the electronic tag information of data collection, uploaded to the server via GPRS wireless platform. Monitoring real-time observation platform operating position of the vehicle, driving route, with or without violations, and to quantify the statistics, data reports generated garbage collection, analysis and evaluation as a basis. The practical use of the system platform, can achieve the desired effect, automotive systems comply with national safety regulations, regulatory work in the sanitation industry, with high practical value and popularization signiifcance.

According to the theory of multiphase porous media,a consolidation equation for the unsaturated soils was derived considering the water-air two phase flow in the porous media,and the corresponding finite element coupling calculation program was compiled based on some assumptions.The equation and program were used for the three-dimensional finite element calculation of a plain reservoir with the anti-seepage geo-membranes,which took into account different scenarios with the combination of the groundwater level and reservoir water level.The relationship curves among the pore pressure under the geo-membrane,groundwater level,and reservoir water level were analyzed at the reservoir bottom and transition platform to investigate the variation characteristics of the pre pressure under the geo-membrane.The results showed that the pore pressure increased rapidly with the quick rising of groundwater level,which can induce the flatulence of the geo-membrane.When the distance between the groundwater level and geo-membrane is less than 1 m,the pore pressure under the geo-membrane can increase with the rising of reservoir water level.

For the National University smart car contest,an integrated monitoring information system for the Freescale smart car was developed,which is based on the LabVIEW virtual instrument platform.The system can meet the demands of information acquisition and processing of photoelectric,camera and electromagnetism sensors.Through the wireless communication module,it also can collect all the parameters of the smart car continuously and display them in the PC which is created by the LabVIEW virtual instrument platform.At the same time,the system owns the debugging functions,so it is convenient for the team member to debug the program on line.The developing efficiency of the smart car will be extremely improved.

In order to predict the deformation properties of soilbag-reinforced soft foundations,the numerical simulation of loading tests on a soilbag-reinforced foundation is performed by means of the elasto-plastic FEM.In this method,the action of tension of the soilbag is equivalent to the additional stress on the soil skeleton,that is,the cohesion cT of the soilbag in the modified Cam-clay model is transformed into soil parameter σ0.Thereby,for calculation,the soilbag-reinforced foundation can be regarded as plain soils.The proposed method combines the principles of soilbag reinforcement with the FEM and is simpler than the method for simulating soilbags by means of bar units.The predicted values agree with the observed ones.

The swelling force is generated in the case of swelling deformation caused by that when moistening is constrained.Many researches have verified that the swelling force is significantly related to the initial water content and dry density.In order to further understand the development of the swelling force,the constant volume test method was adopted to measure the swelling force of 40 expansive samples which were made according to the different initial water content and dry density.It is found from the experiment that logarithm of the swelling pressure is linear with the initial water content and dry density.The function of relationship between them was obtained.Moreover,on the base of relationship between swelling quantity and applied pressure which has been studied,the calculation method of swelling pressure considering vertical pressure was proposed.At last,the proposed function was verified by the comparison between predict values and experimental values.In general,the results of this study can provide an instruction to the stability analysis of structures in the regions of expansive soils widely distributed.

To solve the search and rescue after major natural disasters,a new style four-axis aircraft is designed.The aircraft is mainly controlled based on MSP430,and composed of rotor-wings motor,gesture detection module,wireless video transmission mod-ule and wireless remote control module,and so on.The gesture detection module is designed through gyro sensor,accelerometer and atmospheric pressure sensor.The experimental results show the validity of the aircraft,which can realize the wireless control and re-mote video transmission.

This paper introduces a kind of digital light-intensity based on BP neural network and silicon photoelectric generator, describes the fundamental principle,software and hardware design,data fitting and so on.The experiment indicates that this kind of digital light-intensity can satisfy the requirement of wide measurement range and high precision.