In this work, the mixture of trisodium cittrate and Zn2+ was used as binary (hetero type) inhibitor for corrosion inhibition of copper metal in potable water. The binary inhibitor system (Zn2+ and trisodium citrate) was used to form hydrophobic surfaces on copper submerged in potable water. Water contact angle (WCA) was found to be 155°4° when the inhibitor was present, whereas it was 84°2° when there was no inhibitor. These observations suggested the development of superhydrophobic layer on the surface of copper in drinkable water. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS – AC mode), and potentiodynamic polarization (DC mode) experiments conveyed that the copper surface could be protected by utilizing the mixture of trisodium citrate and Zn2+ in potable water. The morphological studies including SEM (coupled with EDX), AFM, and WCA were evidenced the formulation of a hetero-type inhibitor for the corrosion inhibition of copper in potable water. In this study, the decline in the double-layer capacitance and the rise in the charge transfer resistance were due to the adsorption of inhibitor confirming the development of protective layer, which EIS, SEM, EDX, AFM, and WCA studies also supported. Thus, there was a synergism observed between TSC and Zn2+, and the formulation consisting of TSC and Zn2+ provided 83% of inhibition efficiency (IEp). So, it was suggested that the approach reported in this study could be a simple method for obtaining the superhydrophobic copper surface.

The synergism effect of sodium tartrate and Zn2+ binary inhibitor system on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of mild steel in an potable water medium containing was analyzed by means of gravimetric and electrochemical spectroscopic measurements. The effect of weight loss method and immersion time on the corrosion behavior of mild steel has also been studied. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images showed that the roughness and the deep cracks of the metal surface are reduced significantly by the inhibitor system. Results indicated that the formulation acted as anodic inhibitor. Adsorption of used inhibitor lead to a decrease in the double layer capacitance and an increase in the charge transfer resistance and confirm protective layer by SEM, EDX, AFM and FT-IR. Simple and novel binary inhibitors approach was developed for generating superhydrophobic surface modification of mild steel. Interestingly, Water droplets falling on the leaves bead up and roll off, mild steel immersed in potable water in the presence of binary inhibitor system (sodium tartrate and Zn2+) was attempted to create superhydrophobic surfaces. However, the water contact angle in presence of binary inhibitor system was found to be 152°±4°, whereas in the case of mild steel, it was 55°±2°. A detailed description of the surface-modified superhydrophobic in potable water on mild steel is presented in this article.

In this study we have reported sodium tartrate (ST) and Zn2+ as the potential mixed corrosion inhibitors for copper corrosion in drinking water, by using electrochemical impedance and polarization techniques. The results of potentio-dynamic polarization indicated that sodium tartrate could be used as mixed type inhibitor with Zn2+. ST was found to be 92% effective for slowing down both the anodic and cathodic reaction rates. It was additionally found that ST could coat the surface of copper to prevent it from conducting electricity. As the inhibitor concentration increased, the stability of the formed protective layer was also improved. The results obtained from studies like SEM, EDAX, AFM, and water contact angle clearly indicated the development of a barrier by inducing the lotus effect on copper surface. The water contact angle measurement results suggested that the coating formed in the presence of inhibitor was superhydrophobic, and the surface was homogeneous.

The purpose of this work is to design a suitable and environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing Selenium NPs from aqueous flower extract of cassica auriculata (CAF@SeNPs) and to assess the extract for anti-microbial, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic behaviour. The CAF@Se nanoparticles were characterised using UV–vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), High transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Atomic microscopy analysis (AFM). The findings revealed that the synthesised particles were globular and nanoscale in size. The particles have elevated amounts of a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibitory effects, according to the in vitro antidiabetic functions research. Furthermore, it had higher antioxidant activity and lower cytotoxicity. The green synthesised selenium nanoparticles were proved to be a promising phyto-medicine for the diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of this work is to design a suitable and environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing Selenium NPs from aqueous flower extract of Cassica Auriculata (CAF@SeNPs) and to assess the extract for anti-microbial, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic behaviour. The CAF@Se nanoparticles were characterised using UV-vis spectro-photometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Atomic microscopy analysis (AFM). The findings revealed that the synthesised selenium nanoparticles were globular and nanoscale in size. The particles have elevated amounts of a-amylase and a-glucosidase inhibitory effects, according to the invitro antidiabetic functions research. Furthermore, it had higher antioxidant activity and lower cytotoxicity. The green synthesised selenium nanoparticles were proved to be a promising phyto-medicine for the diabetes mellitus.

The Inhibition Efficiency (IE) of Trisodium Citrate (TSC) in controlling corrosion of carbon steel in RO water in the absence and presence of Zn2+ has been evaluated by weight-loss method. The formulation consisting of 150ppm TSC and 10ppm Zn2+ has 72.5% IE. It is found that the inhibition efficiency of TSC increases with the addition of Zn2+ion. A synergistic effect exists between TSC & Zn2+. Polarization study and characterization surface analysis studies confirm the protection of the carbon steel surface by inhibitive film. A suitable mechanism for corrosion inhibition has been proposed based on the results obtained from the above studies.

Corrosive behaviour of sodium gluconate (SG) with Zn2+ in different metals was studied in potable water. On analysis, in potable water, it was found to be more corrosive towards mild steel in compared to copper. The surface examination studies also carried out with help of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Water contact angle technique. The result of water contact angle technique induced by the lotus effect in copper on the surface is superhydrophobic nature and in case of mild steel surface is hydrophobic nature.