REDUCE the global reliance on radioactive sources by promoting the adoption and development of non-radioisotopic alternative technologies• Developing compact superconducting CW RF electron accelerator • Provide X-ray alternative to sterilization by Cobalt-60

Alpha He2+ Very Shallow • Beta Electrons Penetration depends on energy 10 MeV, 5 cm in H 2 0 • (Photons) Gamma X-ray 10s of cm in H 2 0 (UV light) lr: oletl I ..

adjustable 360{sup o} mechanical phase shifter in series with the fast-ferrite tuner. A bipolar DC bias supply, controlled by a low-level rf cavity tuning loop consisting of an rf phase detector and a PID amplifier, is used to provide a variable bias current to the tuner ferrite material to maintain the test cavity at resonance. Losses in the fast-ferrite tuner are calculated from cooling water calorimetry. Test data will be presented.

The sterilization of medical devices using the gamma rays from the decay of cobalt-60 has accumulated decades of experience of the performance of the materials and devices that are irradiated. The use of radiation using electron beams and x-rays has much less experience and this leads to questions of equivalency between these three technologies. Computer simulations were conducted to model the relevant physical processes of the interactions of each of the three forms of radiation in order to compare the spectra of electron energies at energies below 500 keV. It is predominantly the electrons below this threshold that produce the sterilization dose. No difference in energy spectra was seen between the three types of initial radiation. It is concluded that there is no energy dependent difference between gamma, electron, and x-ray for radiation sterilization.

we project that the niobium cavity when coated with Nb3Sn and operated on the same experimental setup can produce >10 MV/m cw accelerating gradients.

Accelerators for High Energy Physics (HEP) are large users of energy, much of it in the form of radiofrequency (RF) power to accelerate particles to very high energies. Proposed HEP projects will require even larger amounts of RF energy. Increasing concerns of the cost and availability of energy will require the HEP community to use energy as efficeintly as possible. Successful transfer of HEP technology to the public and private sectors will be most effective if it is highly efficient.Historically, the HEP community has utilized available RF power sources, mainly in the form of vacuum tube technology, much of which was developed during the cold war or is otherwized used in the private sector. The private sector is moving to solid-state RF sources which do not exibit the electrical efficiency that is needed for future HEP projects.Here, we summarize the state of the development of a number of RF sources that promise efficeincies of 80% and above. We also outline future efforts that are needed to fully realize the potential of these sources.

sterilization dose. No difference in energy spectra was seen between the three types of initial radiation. It is concluded that there is no energy dependent difference between gamma, e-beam, and x-ray for radiation sterilization.

permanent magnet array can be configured from a magnetic material that does not require an electric current.

Abstract This work is focused on investigation of radiation effects in Ultra-Thin Silicon solar cells with a particular emphasis on electron irradiation. The study is motivated by the application of these solar cells, developed by Solestial, Inc., for powering space missions, including those led by NASA, the Department Of Defence (DOD), and commercial satellite missions. Our research encompasses both experimental and theoretical approaches, addressing unique challenges posed by ultra-thin solar cell technology that deviates from the traditional models. From the experimental point of view, the test structures were irradiated with 1 MeV electrons up to the fluence of 1E+15 e/cm 2. Radiation effects due to accumulated electron dose were noticed as a drop in open-circuit voltage (Voc ). An analytical expression for modeling the Voc characteristic of the UT-Si cell after exposure to electron irradiation was formulated and subsequently compared with experimental data. The theoretical foundation of the proposed approach builds upon the Non-Ionising Energy Loss (NIEL) concept, a fundamental parameter in addressing radiation damage modelling and survivability predictions.

Proposal to develop magnetrons as RF sources for HEP

hydrogen production. The three technical reports are summarized as follows: Renewable Thermal Energy Systems: Characterization of the Most Important Thermal Energy Applications in Buildings and Industry (Report 1), this report: summary of thermal demands of U.S. industry and buildings, and relevant hybrid RTES configurations; Renewable Thermal Energy Systems: Systemic Challenges and Transformational Policies (Report 2): discussion of socio-technical characteristics of RTES, innovation challenges, and supporting policies. Available at: https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy23osti/83020.pdf; Renewable Thermal Energy Systems: Modeling Developments and Future Directions (Report 3): Energy yield and performance modeling of RTES, techno-economic analysis via case studies, and proposed development of a user decision support tool. Available at: https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy23osti/83021.pdf.

model the reliabilities of all network components that are used to predict the most likely pathways to the target.