解析対象をばねで連結した質点系でモデル化する解析手法に対して，ばね係数を弾性係数とポアソン比に基づいて算出する式を導入するとともに，（弾性係数とポアソン比の）入力値の再現に与える影響について連結形式に注目して解析例を示している．本文では，質点間相対変位量から剛体回転量を除去して純粋な変形に対して応力を求める手順も記述している．圧裂試験モデルや中央クラックを有する板の応力・変形解析例を示して，本解析手法が，岩石をはじめとする材料の変形から破壊の発生を表現できる可能性を有する解析法であることを示している．

Though understanding differences in the community response to noise among countries is essential to an effective implementation of noise policies, very little noise annoyance data have been accumulated in countries outside Europe and North America. To contribute to Vietnamese and global noise policies, socio-acoustic surveys on the community response to transportation noise have been carried out in Vietnam since 2005. A total of around 9,900 responses were obtained from these surveys. In this paper, a method of drawing exposure-response curves for noise annoyance in Vietnam is presented. Representative exposure-response relationships are proposed for road traffic and aircraft noise annoyance in Vietnam and compared with those of Europe and Korea. The results show that the aircraft noise annoyance curve for Vietnam was slightly higher than the curve obtained by the EU but considerably lower than that for Korea. Vietnamese respondents were less annoyed by road traffic noise than respondents in Europe and Korea. The frequency of use and the attitude to motorbikes and airplanes were found to moderate noise annoyance in Vietnam. This study also shows a method to quantify the difference in the prevalence of annoyance measured by five-point verbal and 11-point numerical scales.

It is necessary to assess differences in the community response to noise among countries for the effective implementation of noise policies. However, very little noise annoyance data have been accumulated in countries outside Europe and North America. Toward the establishment of a noise policy in Vietnam and to meet global interest in noise problems in Asia, socio-acoustic surveys on the community response to transportation noise have been carried out in Vietnam since 2005. A total of around 9,900 responses were obtained from these surveys. In this paper, a method of drawing exposure-response curves for noise annoyance in Vietnam is presented. Representative exposure-response relationships are proposed for road traffic and aircraft noise annoyance in Vietnam and compared with those of Europe and Korea. The results show that the aircraft noise annoyance curve for Vietnam was slightly higher than the curve obtained by the EU but considerably lower than that for Korea. Vietnamese respondents were less annoyed by road traffic noise than respondents in Europe and Korea. The frequency of use and the attitude to the benefits to society of motorbikes and airplanes were found to moderate noise annoyance in Vietnamese cities. This study also shows a method to quantify the difference in the prevalence of annoyance measured by five-point verbal and 11-point numerical scales.

The demand of air traffic has been increasing in not only developed but also developing countries. Noi Bai Airport is the second largest one in Vietnam whose new terminal building was constructed in December 2014. After the opening of the new terminal the number of arrivals and departures has become more than 500 in a day, twice as before the opening. Therefore socio-acoustic survey was planned three times before and after the opening of the terminal building in September 2014, March 2015 and September 2015 in order to investigate the effects of the step change in aircraft noise exposure on community response. This study reports the results of the first survey. Thirteen survey sites were selected around the airport. Questionnaire survey was administered by face-to-face interview so that totally 890 responses were obtained with a response rate of 68.5%. Aircraft noise was measured on a roof top of a house at each site for successive seven days. Lden ranged from 45 to 66 dB. The exposure-response relationship was compared with those in 2009 survey and EU position paper. This is slightly moderated from that in 2009 and almost equivalent to the EU curve below 55 dB although the prevalence of annoyance was greater than EU curve in higher Lden range. Sleep effects such as difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, premature waking, a feeling of light overnight sleep and insomnia were evaluated by sex/age-adjusted odds ratio in relation to the L-Aeq,L- n. When L-Aeq,L- n is over 55 dB, the odds ratios referring to the minimum noise exposure range (<= 45 dB) of all sleep effects were significant. The effects of the step change will be discussed after the next two surveys.

Presented here is a concept for manufacturing windows which are capable of ventilating, regulating sunlight and reducing traffic noise inside the homes of the developing countries in tropical climate zones. A previous study discussed a rectangular soundproofing ventilation unit having an inlet and an outlet located on the opposite face, which results in a reduced outlet area. As a result, the ventilation function is reduced. To improve this problem, a rectangular soundproofing ventilation unit featuring an inlet and an outlet which is located on the crossed right angle face is proposed in this work. First, the outlet sound pressure is calculated based on the wave equation. Next, to maximize the sound proofing ability, the shape and location of the inlet and the outlet are determined by an investigation of the distribution of higher order mode waves formed inside the soundproofing ventilation unit. Finally, experimental results based on the reverberation chamber method are shown to be in reasonable agreement with our theoretical predictions.

本論文は，高速度カメラを用いた球体の自由落下－反発運動に関する室内模型実験と，その実験結果から読み取った法線方向および接線方向速度比Rn, Rtを用いた数値解析を実施して，Rtに対する衝突入射角度が及ぼす影響，衝突後の並進運動エネルギーと回転運動エネルギーとの比について検討した結果をまとめたものである．実験結果から，Rnは入射角度の違いによる明確な傾向は観察されなかったが，Rtは入射角度により変化すること，また，Rn, Rtは衝突後の並進運動エネルギーと密接に関係することがわかった．さらに，ばね－ダッシュポット－スライダー系による衝突時のモデル化により，入射角度によるRtの変化を表現可能であることを数値解析により示した．

This paper deals with A-type and B-type rectangular cuboid SVU (soundproofing ventilation unit) contain an inlet and outlet in opposite surfaces.The difference between them is whether they are located in small or big cross section area.Following the theoretical calculation, the shape and location of the inlet and the outlet are determined by an investigation of the distribution of higher order mode waves formed inside the SVU.Finally, experimental results of Atype and B-type based on the reverberation chamber method are shown to be in reasonable agreement with our theoretical predictions.The results of theoretical calculation and experiments conducted lead to the conclusion that A-type is suitable for soundproof ventilation unit.

The traffic noise of developing countries in Southeast Asia were characterized by relatively high noise exposure levels. On the other hand, casement windows are widely used in those countries. However, these windows prove to be impermissible to noise level because the window ventilating slits serve as a direct pathway to allow traffic noise to enter the home. Presented here is a concept for manufacturing windows which is capable of ventilating, regulating sunlight and reducing traffic noise inside the homes. New model of sound proofing unit SPV13 consists of a partition panel and perforated sound absorbing material is experimentally considered in the present work.

Series of Experiments for SPVG analysis Sohei Nishimura1 , Yuya Nishimura2 and Tsuyoshi Nishimura3 1Kumamoto National College of Technology; 2627 Hirayama, Shin Machi Yatsushiro, Kumamoto 866-8501, JAPAN; Tel:+81 96 532 1305; e-mail : nisimura@kumamoto-nct.ac.jp 2Kumamoto National College of Technology; 2659-2 Suya, Koshi Kumamoto 861-1102, JAPAN ; Tel:+81 96 242 6070; e-mail : nishimura@kumamoto-nct.ac.jp 3Department of Computer and Information Sciences; Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda Kumamoto 860-0081, JAPAN; Tel:+81 96 326 3605; e-mail: nisimura@cis.sojo-u.ac.jp

To assess the effect of aircraft noise on people in Vietnam, socio-acoustic surveys on community response to aircraft noise were conducted in residential areas around three airports in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Da Nang. The community response was obtained by face-to-face interviews during the daytime on weekends. The aircraft noise was measured for seven successive days. Aircraft noise exposures ranged from 53 to 71 dB, from 48 to 61 dB, and from 52 to 64 dB Lden in Ho Chi Minh, Hanoi, and Danang, respectively. A representative dose-response relationship for aircraft annoyance in Vietnam has been proposed based on 3487 responses and noise data obtained by field measurements at 25 sites. It has been found that the curve for Vietnam is slightly higher than but rather almost consistent to the EU's curve. The respondents in each surveyed city have different levels of annoyance for the same aircraft noise exposure.

城郭石垣の維持管理においては地震時の安定性評価手法の確立が課題となっている.本研究では,城郭石垣を対象として地震時の変形を予測し,なおかつ,その結果を用いて動的安定性評価を行う手法について検討を行った.具体的には,粒状体の解析手法の一つである個別要素法を用いて城郭石垣の地震時変形予測を考え,各石垣構成材(築石,栗石,地盤)の物性値と入力物性値との関係を明確にした上で実物大城郭石垣モデルの振動台実験結果の再現を試みた.この結果,地震力が作用した場合の築石の変形量や変形モードを的確に再現できることが確認された.さらに,文化財である城郭石垣を対象として地震時の安定性を評価することを目的として,上記の解析結果を「孕み出し指数」により評価する手法についての提案を行った.

Vietnam is a developing country in Southeast Asia, and it is currently struggling with many environmental issues. The traffic noise in Hanoi and Ho-Chi-Minh city were characterized by relatively high noise exposure levels due to the large number of motorbikes and frequent horn sounds. High noise exposure of more than 75 dB(Ldn) is characteristic of road traffic in many places. On the other hand, casement windows consisting of two wooden frames are widely used in those cities. However, these windows prove to be impermissible to noise level because the window ventilating slits serve as a direct pathway to allow traffic noise to enter the home. The acoustic characteristics of road traffic noise and the casement windows at present are experimentally considered in present work.

In deep geological disposal for high level radioactive waste, one of the most important factors is to study the thermo-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) behavior of natural barrier, that is, host rock during heat process and hydraulic environment change. In this paper, a program of finite element method called as SOFT, using finite element-finite difference method in soil-water-heat coupling problem has been developed to simulate the above-mentioned THM behavior of geological disposal based on a thermo-elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model. In order to verify the availability of the program, a real-scale field heating test reported by Gens et al. (2007) is simulated by the proposed THM-FEM program. The material parameters of the rock involved in the constitutive model are determined based on element tests for the rock. It is shown from the figures that the proposed program can well describe the THM behavior observed in the heating test such as temperature and excessive pore water pressure (EPWP).