An account is given of Doto, Armina and Madrella species collected on diving and dredging expeditions to the Ligurian, Tyrrhenian, Adriatic, Ionian and Aegean Seas during the period 1973–1988, supplemented by material collected around Naples (southern Italy) and Banyuls (French Côte Vermeille). In all, 5 species of Doto, 3 of Armina and 1 of Madrella were investigated, yielding 5 new records for the eastern Mediterranean Sea and one species new to science, Armina tricuspidata from the Tyrrhenian Sea. The common arminid on the American coast from North Carolina to Texas is not A. tigrina as claimed by Abbott(1954) and by Eyster (1981), but is a new species, for which we propose the name Armina abbotti. Consideration of world-wide records of Madrella leads to the conclusion that the senior Madrella sanguinea Angas, 1864, embraces M. ferruginosa Alder & Hancock, 1864, M. aurantiace Vayssière, 1903 and M. granularis Baba, 1949 (but not the Japanese M. gloriosa Baba, 1949, which is probably distinct).

The rate and extent of spontaneous exchange of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) from large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) composed of either DMPC or mixtures of DMPC/distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) have been examined under equilibrium conditions. The phase state of the vesicles ranged from all-liquid-crystalline through mixed gel/liquid-crystalline to all-gel. The exchange rate of DMPC between liquid-crystalline DMPC LUV, measured between 25 and 55 degrees C, was found to have an Arrhenius activation energy of 24.9 +/- 1.4 kcal/mol. This activation energy and the exchange rates are very similar to those obtained for the exchange of DMPC between DMPC small unilamellar vesicles (SUV). The extent of exchange of DMPC in LUV was found to be approximately 90%. This is in direct contrast to the situation in DMPC SUV where only the lipid in the outer monolayer is available for exchange. Thus, transbilayer movement (flip-flop) is substantially faster in liquid-crystalline DMPC LUV than in SUV. Desorption from gel-phase LUV has a much lower rate than gel-phase SUV with an activation energy of 31.7 +/- 3.7 kcal/mol compared to 11.5 +/- 2 kcal/mol reported for SUV. A defect-mediated exchange in gel-phase SUV, which is not the major pathway for exchange in LUV, is proposed on the basis of the thermodynamic parameters of the activation process. Surprisingly, the rates of DMPC exchange between DMPC/DSPC two-component LUV, measured over a wide range of compositions and temperatures, were found to exhibit very little dependence on the composition or phase configuration of the vesicles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Journal Article EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN OPISTHOBRANCHIA: RUNCINIDAE (RUNCINACEA), WITH A REVIEW OF RUNCINID CLASSIFICATION AND A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FROM FIJI Get access T. E. THOMPSON, T. E. THOMPSON *Zoology Department, University of BristolU.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. BRODIE G. BRODIE †Institute of Natural Resources, University of the South PacificSuva, Fiji Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Molluscan Studies, Volume 54, Issue 3, August 1988, Pages 339–346, https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/54.3.339 Published: 01 August 1988 Article history Received: 14 December 1987 Accepted: 07 January 1988 Published: 01 August 1988

Um conjunto de dados derivados de observacoes sobre mais de 60 especies de moluscos opistobrânguios dos oceanos Atlântico e Pacifico, incluindo especies planctotroficas, lecitotroficas e nao-pelagicas, foi submetido a analise para encontrar uma expressao que ajuste a massa de observacoes de modo aceitavel. A principal finalidade foi quantificar as relacoes entre tamanho do ovo, periodo embrionario e temperatura de criacao de opistobrânquios. A temperatura provou ser de importância capital na medida que uma mudanca de 283 para 296 graus absolutos aumentou a taxa de desenvolvimento por um fator de 2.07. O tamanho do ovo foi quase tao importante: um aumento no diâmetro do ovo de 73 para 181 micrometros aumentou o periodo embrionario por um fator de 2.02. O tempo de desenvolvimento fez apenas ligeira diferenca e diferencas negligenciaveis puderam ser atribuidas ao fato das especies serem atlânticas ou pacificas.

Journal Article Aposematic colour patterns of two Mediterranean species of opisthobranch molluscs: a proposal for co-operative investigation Get access T.E. Thompson T.E. Thompson Zoology Department University of Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Molluscan Studies, Volume 51, Issue 2, Autumn 1985, Pages 222–226, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065908 Published: 01 October 1985

Crop ScienceVolume 24, Issue 1 cropsci1984.0011183X002400010058x p. 212-213 Registration of Germplasms Registration of Three Helianthus Germplasm Lines for Resistance to the Sunflower Moth C. E. Rogers, C. E. Rogers Research entomologist USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Res. Lab, Bushland, TX, 79012Search for more papers by this authorT. E. Thompson, T. E. Thompson research geneticist USDA-ARS W.R. Poage Pecane Field Stn., Brownwood, TX, 76801Search for more papers by this authorG. J. Seiler, G. J. Seiler research botanist USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Res. Lab., BushlandSearch for more papers by this author C. E. Rogers, C. E. Rogers Research entomologist USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Res. Lab, Bushland, TX, 79012Search for more papers by this authorT. E. Thompson, T. E. Thompson research geneticist USDA-ARS W.R. Poage Pecane Field Stn., Brownwood, TX, 76801Search for more papers by this authorG. J. Seiler, G. J. Seiler research botanist USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Res. Lab., BushlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 January 1984 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183X002400010058xCitations: 16AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume24, Issue1January–February 1984Pages 212-213 RelatedInformation

An extensive effort was made during 1976 and 1977 to collect and catalogue all species and subspecies of North American Helianthus. Seed or live plant material of all species and all subspecies except two were collected and are being maintained at Bushland.

JAMAICAN OPISTHOBRANCH MOLLUSCS II T.E. THOMPSON T.E. THOMPSON Zoology Department, University of Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Molluscan Studies, Volume 46, Issue 1, April 1980, Pages 74–99, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065525 Published: 01 April 1980 Article history Received: 10 March 1979 Published: 01 April 1980

Sunflower seed (Helianthus annus L.) from plants infected with head rot caused byRhizopus spp. exhibited serious oil quality problems. Free fatty acid content of this oil was 19.4%, compared with 0.8% for oil from seed of healthy plants. Oil from diseased seed was also higher in palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric fatty acids. In addition, diseased plants yielded only 81% as much seed and only 55% as much oil.

Whether maternal genotype or kernel genotype determines seed (achene) oil percentage in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was studied using cytoplasmic male‐sterile and maintainer components of two oilseed and two nonoilseed (confectionery) inbred lines. Genotype the maternal parent controlled oil percentage, and the genotype of the pollen parent had no effect on this characteristic of F1 seed. This was true for determinations made on whole seeds and on kernels alone.Application of this knowledge in a breeding program means that controlled crosses to determine the value of the maternal genotype for oil production are unnecessary since open‐pollinated seed accurately expresses the genetic potential of any maternal parent. The maternal control further suggests that selection for oil percentage among individual seeds on the same plant is not an effective breeding technique to change oil content.Pollen parent effects on seed weight, test weight, and percent kernel of seed were also determined. Specific parental combinations and perhaps environment appeared to affect each of these three measuremenets, specially seed weight.

AbstractEinheitliche AsF3‐Graphit‐Einschlußverbindungen der Stufen l‐3 (Anzahl der benachbarten C‐Schichten zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Schichten des AsFs) werden durch direkte Wechselwirkung von AsFs‐Dampf mit stark ausgerichtetem pyrolytischem Graphit unter isothermen Bedingungen (23°C) dargestellt und röntgenographisch, gravimetrisch und durch Beobachtung der relativen Dickenzunahme der c‐Achse charakterisiert.

A cytoplasmic male‐sterile flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) line was crossed with 1,455 entries from the USDA World Flax Collection. We determined the frequency of restorer genes in the collection and the possibility of using this type of sterility to develop a random mating breeding population to mix germplasm. Because 1,155 of the lines (79%) are sterility maintainers and because some natural field crossing occurs in flax, this sterility system should allow random mating flax populations to be developed for the first time. A second objective was to identify sources of genes that condition the production of open‐corolla, male‐sterile flowers in plants containing the sterile cytoplasm. This factor has prevented the use of this male‐sterility system to produce commercial flax hybrids. Thirty accessions were identified as possible sources of genes for this trait. It appears that breeding systems can be used to develop male‐sterile lines that produce normal open flowers accessible to insect pollination. Plant age affected degree of corolla opening and male‐fertility of the F1 plants. Average corolla opening decreased from 13.97 to 8.8 mm in I0 weeks for plants expressing this trait, while the number of F1 plants producing F2 seed increased from 155 to 302. Stability of both traits varied from line to line and should be of concern to breeders who use this form of sterility in flax improvement.

Journal Article Graft-induced transmission of cytoplasmic male sterility in alfalfa Get access T. E. THOMPSON, T. E. THOMPSON Dr. Thompson was formerly assistant professor, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, Indiana 47907; he is presently research geneticist, Science and Education Ad ministration, Federal Research, USDA Southwestern Great Plains Research Center, Bushland, Texas 79012. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. D. AXTELL J. D. AXTELL Dr. Axtell is professor in the Department of Agronomy, Purdue University. The authors are grateful to Dr. Paul Sun of L. Teweles Seed Co., Clinton, Wisconsin and Dr. D. K. Barnes of the USDA and University of Minnesota for supplying plant material used in this study Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 69, Issue 3, May 1978, Pages 159–164, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a108916 Published: 01 May 1978

While screening 150 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) introductions for resistance to the alfalfa weevil [Hypera postica (Gyllenhal)], a new resistance mechanism was discovered in P.I. 247790 from Peru. A portion of the weevil larvae reared on this introduction convulsed, dehydrated, and died before pupation. One clone produced up to 20% convulsing larvae and 40% mortality. Due to the large degree of variability for this trait in P.I. 247790, it should be possible to increase this type of antibiosis through selection.Another resistance mechanism characterized by delayed larval development was also discovered in P.I. 247790. Larvae reared on one clone had a longer development period than those reared on other clones. This mechanism appears to have limited potential in producing resistant cultivars because development is only delayed and insects are not killed.

A haploid breeding technique for flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) using a twin seedling character is described. The haploid twin can be distinguished from the diploid twin by seedling size 3 days after germination, plant height at any growth stage, and by the production of sterile flowers. The twinning frequency of 54 random entries from the USDA World Flax Collection was 1 set to 5,869 normal seed; a workable level in a flax cultivar development program. Use of a flax rust [Melampsora lint (Ehrenb.) Lev.] resistance marker gene showed the haploid twin to be of maternal origin, presumably produced by apogamety. In a breeding program this indicates haploid selection and doubling could be conducted in the F2 to allow for genetic recombination. A 16‐month breeding program to produce completely homozygous breeding lines ready for field evaluation is described. This developmental period includes screening for rust resistance and selection for oil content and quality.