O conhecimento da expansão urbana em uma área é de fundamental importância para a identificação das dinâmicas ambientais, econômicas e sociais. Entretanto, o rápido crescimento de forma desordenada e sem o devido planejamento, de algumas cidades no Brasil ao decorrer das últimas décadas, permitiu o surgimento de diversos desafios para os governantes e também para as populações urbanas. Na Região Metropolitana do Recife (RMR) não foi diferente e, como resultado, é evidente o crescimento de ocupações irregulares em áreas ambientalmente frágeis, como as regiões de encostas. Essas estruturas sofrem alterações intensificadas pela ação antrópica, que são agravadas no período de inverno com as fortes chuvas, resultando em perdas ambientais, materiais e humanas. O estudo teve por objetivo fazer uma avaliação de uma área impactada por deslizamento de terra com vítimas fatais, localizada no bairro do Passarinho em Recife-PE. A análise temporal de uso e ocupação do solo teve como base mapas vetorizados e georreferenciados, entre os anos de 1975-2022, onde foi verificado um crescimento expressivo da mancha urbana (4.119,05 %), enquanto a cobertura mais afetada foi à vegetação (-30,13 %). Também foi observado que os impactos ambientais locais variam entre médio e alto grau, com altos níveis de risco para os resíduos sólidos urbanos e saneamento ambiental (água e esgoto). Os resultados obtidos são fundamentais para definição de prioridades nas áreas ocupadas de forma desordenada e sem planejamento, através de ações de mitigação e compreensão dos riscos ambientais, aos quais à comunidade está exposta

Na contrução civil, o uso da água se faz presente em todas as etapas do empreedimento, dentre elas, como mecanismo de limpeza e mistura de argamassas e concreto. Quando utilizada no preparo de concreto, recebe o nome de água de amassamento, com a função de garantir trabalhabilidade á mistura, envolvendo os elementos compostos e garantindo parte das reações químicas para desenvolvimento do produto final; sua utilização em quantidade maior que o previsto aumenta o número de vazios entre as partículas desencadeando redução de resistência. A água utilizada para amassamento de concreto deve passar por avaliações de qualidade e estar dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos conforme norma vigente. A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os componentes encontrados na água utilizada por três obras da cidade do Recife para preparo de concreto, comparando os resultados das análises com os parâmetros estabelecidos pela ABNT NBR 15900/2009; consultaram-se trabalhos bibliográficos a respeito do tema para embassar sua importância. Em seguida, foi realizado um mapeamanto dos locais de visita, que atravez de um check-list foram colhidas informações das origens da água para utilização na fabricação de concreto. As amostras coletadas seguiram para análise, foram medidos teores como pH e Cloretos. Os resultados foram comparados com os teores estabelecidos por norma; comprovou-se que as águas ensaiadas atendem os limites de aceitação.

We use a two-dimensional finite-element modeling approach to investigate the structural evolution of strike-slip faults under five different confining pressures and determine how their damage zone widths vary depending on the kinematic. Three representative fault segments are modeled, accounting for movement obliquity forming in pure strike-slip, oblique convergence and oblique divergence scenarios. The elastoplastic constitutive model (Drucker-Prager) was employed to couple an associated flow rule into the initial stress state of a geostatic stage. We applied two empirical methods for determining the width of the damage zone from progressive model response. The first method involves using the plastic strain distribution curve's inflection points, to mathematically fixate the width. The second method uses the standard deviation obtained from a trend Gaussian/ Normal probability distribution, with over 98% fit to the plastic strain curve data, simplifying the inference of the strain propagation along the model. The simulation results indicate inverse proportional relationships between confining pressure and both porosity and plastic strain intensity, while showing a direct proportional relationship with the damage zone width. For fault zone width quantification, results show convergence between the methods, revealing widths of 2.46-2.65 m for oblique divergence (displacement of 0.20 m), 2.65-3.55 m for pure strike-slip (displacement of 0.20 m), and 4.36-4.46 m for oblique convergence zones (displacement of 0.70 m). The pure strike-slip and the oblique convergence damage zone width results align well with outcrop observations of faults with similar kinematics from the literature, underscoring the significance of numerical modeling as a valuable tool for measure and study the mechanics of characterizing the nucleation of fault zones and quantifying the width of the damage zone.

Several studies focus on the characteristic curve of the soil, which plays a fundamental role in the mechanics of unsaturated soils and is also an important indicator of the physical quality. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the characteristic curve of the soil by the methods of Filter Paper, Richards Pressure Chamber, and Haines Funnel on an erodible slope in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The curves were designed by the models of van Genuchten, Fredlund & Xing, Seki, and Dunner. In the suction x humidity ratios, during the wetting and drying processes, the experimental points were very close, making it difficult to define the hysteresis effect. The Richards Chamber and Haines Funnel methods allowed the complementation of the characteristic curve for low suction values, indicating that the techniques can be used simultaneously. The statistical analysis resulted in a numerical model with a significance value greater than 97%.

O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a evolução das ocupações irregulares e o risco ambiental em uma área de encosta no município de Recife/PE. Foram realizados registros de imagens, vetorização e ortofotocartas do local, e, com o uso do programa Qgis, foi feita a análise do nível de risco com uma matriz de causa e consequência. Houve uma evolução da mancha urbana no local, com crescimento de 1.119% nos 42 anos que compõe o recorte da análise, uma redução de 68,54% na vegetação nativa, que pode provocar deslizamento de terras e uma variação do nível de base de 35 metros para 55 metros, apresentando um forte indício de deslizamentos passados. Diante do exposto, a necessidade de ações estruturais de redução de riscos para a localidade foi verificada.

Objetivo: Traçar o papel disruptivo do enfermeiro e seus desafios na Consulta em atenção básica com pacientes idosos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com o tema de O papel disruptivo do enfermeiro e seus desafios na Consulta em atenção básica com pacientes idosos. Para tal, foram incluídos apenas trabalhos publicados entre os anos de 2010 a 2020 escritos em língua portuguesa. Sobrando apenas 10 estudos que se enquadravam com a pesquisa. Resultados: A Política de Atenção Básica à Saúde do Idoso apresentada como prioridade, sendo a sexta nas três esferas dos governos, surgiu com a finalidade de programar suas diretrizes e foi um avanço importante visando as necessidades e demandas de saúde da população idosa brasileira. Seu direito à saúde em diversos níveis de atendimento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) foram reafirmados bem como a promoção do envelhecimento saudável melhorando hábitos de vida, orientando-os e a seus familiares. Conclusão: Ainda é muito incipiente as assistências direcionadas a esta população. O que concerne com uma necessidade de ampliação de conhecimentos referente às peculiaridades pertinentes à pessoa idosa em nosso país, afinal o envelhecimento é uma realidade além de ser uma questão de saúde pública.

Constructing on soft soil deposits is a geotechnical challenge, both in estimating soil settlements and in predicting shear strength. This study consists of a numerical simulation of the execution of a large and asymmetric embankment on soft soil constructed in stages, with prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) and wait phases, as well as a comparison of the prediction results with field measurements. The purpose is to adopt an equivalent two-dimensional model of an embankment to evaluate the stress–strain response in relation to the field measurements as an alternative way to the complex, three dimensional and heterogeneous real embankment problem. Thus, an in-house finite element (FE) program was used considering the hydromechanical coupling and the Modified Cam-Clay constitutive model, for the soft layers. For the numerical modeling, the embankment construction was performed in stages, following the executive design, and the plane strain analysis was performed with induced drainage in the soft soil layers. Due to the large number of PVD installed, a different approach was considered performing the numerical calculation of the equivalent permeabilities of these layers using an embedded discontinuity in regular FE mesh to represent each drain element. The estimated results of the numerical modeling and monitoring data showed that the lowest relative error found for settling was 2.57% and that the lateral movement, near the embankment, remained within in the range of measured values at a given assessed depth. The simulation data were consistent, however, that there was a need for more penetration testing to produce more adequate data and numerical model which can lead to realistic predictions.

To guarantee the maintenance of the environment, the civil construction sector has expanded its search for materials from renewable sources and, therefore, composite materials are being produced from the reuse of natural fibers and construction waste. This study analyzes the physical and mechanical behaviors of an erodible hillside soil reinforced with natural babassu coconut fibers and civil construction waste (CCW), class A. As methodological procedures, the Unidimensional Densification laboratory test was carried out for the soil, CCW, and composites, observing the void index versus log curves of the effective tension, the porosity content, and the compression index. The X-Ray Computed Tomography non-destructive test was also performed for comparative purposes of the porosity result. The results showed that the use of CCW and babassu coconut fibers in the reinforcement reduces voids present in the soil. This reduction points to better soil function in the face of erosion caused by the action of water. The composite with 50% soil + 49.5% residue + 0.5% fiber was the one with the lowest voids index, guaranteeing a 21% reduction in porosity. It was possible to verify that the tomography test provides results compatible with the one-dimensional densification test, regarding the determination of porosity, with variations of ± 3%.

Improvement of the soil's properties in order to resist erosion is desirable, and soil reinforcement is one of the techniques used to achieve this.The incorporation of natural fibers into the soil to form a composite material has been widely investigated.The most common natural fibers used for soil reinforcement are green coconut, sisal, and jute fibers, which were the subject of the systematic review carried out in this study.The study also presented babassu coconut as a potential material for soil reinforcement.Using the methodology adopted, 76 publications related to the theme were selected and studied.This study made use of the Periodicals Portal virtual library and the articles selected were limited to peer-reviewed articles published between 2008 and 2019 in either Portuguese or English.The references of the selected articles were also analyzed.The data from the selected publications were analyzed and described under the following discussion topics: natural fibers in soil reinforcement (green coconut, sisal and jute), ideal fiber length and content for soil reinforcement, correlation between fiber content and ideal length, aspects of babassu, and future perspectives for the use of babassu.It was concluded that the natural fibers increase the mechanical properties of the soil and that the babassu husk fiber also has potential to improve the soil.It is necessary to investigate, among other characteristics, the ideal fiber length and content for the principal types of soil found in the northeast region, as well as to evaluate the effect of saturation and durability over time. I. INTRODUCTIONConcern over soil erosion has reached a high level of importance in many regions of the world, due to the loss of considerable amounts of arable land, the silting up of water bodies, and the occurrence of landslides [1,2].The form soil erosion takes may vary according to local climatic conditions.For example, tropical and semi-arid regions of

Urban planning is important to guarantee the quality of life for society, as it proposes spatial planning and problem solving, especially those related to land use. Thus, it was proposed to perform an evaluation of actions that promote and/or accelerate the erosive processes on a hillside located in island of Itamaraca/BR. The “interaction networks” and “land use maps” techniques were used in combination, which resulted in a more accurate environmental assessment, as well as the use of models for future estimates. The results pointed to mediumrisk for the environmental indicators of “occupation types” and evidence of collapse”, and high risk for“urban density”and“vegetation”indicators. It has also been predicted that over the years, the urban sprawl in the area will continue to grow until it reaches stability due to the total occupation of useful areas as well as that the growth rate for vegetation will be negative. Thus, there is a need to mitigate environmental damage in the short term, in order to avoid the occurrence of accidents in the hillside area.

The evolutionary dynamics of urban centers is conditioned by several economic and socio-environmental factors. When these factors interrelate unevenly, which is often motivated by interference from competent public agencies, give rise to urban and social problems such as irregular occupations, generating high environmental risks. The objective of this study was to identify the environmental risks levels that affect a set of slopes of the municipality of Olinda / PE, through a methodological approach centered on temporal analyzes of land occupation. The research was developed with vectorization of images and orthophotocards from 1974 to 2018 and qualitative analysis of risk levels through a cause and consequence matrix. Vectorization demonstrated critical results of plant suppression and urban spot growth, with about -63.59% and + 890%, respectively. The resulting matrix showed a high negative balance for environmental risk levels. Thus, the study demonstrates that the anthropogenic interference that shaped the region conditions a series of social and environmental impacts and that the planning and diagnosis of risk levels is an essential planning tool for intervention in these locations.