The Seychelles aim to cover 5% of electricity with renewables by 2020 and 15% by 2030. The local power system operator commissioned a Grid Absorption Study to determine the technical limits for reaching these targets. The study focussed on how much photovoltaic (PV) generation the grid can absorb. As result, the primary bottleneck was found to be the maintenance of backup generation reserves to compensate for fast down-ramping of PV generation.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Power System History Current Status of Wind Power in Power Systems Network Integration Issues for Wind Power Basic Electrical Engineering Characteristics of Wind Power Generation Basic Integration Issues Related to Wind Power Conclusions Appendix: A Mechanical Equivalent to Power System Operation with Wind Power References

Grid Issues for Electricity Production Based on Renewable Energy Sources in Spain, Portugal, Germany, and United Kingdom

This paper briefly defines distributed resources (DR) and discusses the current status of DR. The main focus is on discussing the value DR can provide to re-regulated electricity markets. DR can, under certain circumstances, help to significantly reduce the main problem of re-regulation, i.e. market power. Distributed generation and demand-side resources may, even if only small quantities in terms of size of the entire market are utilised, be able to help to significantly reduce market power. This results in a significantly more efficient market. To achieve such benefits, however, DR must be in operation during times when market power issues are likely to arise. To a certain extent this is the case as demand-side resources are usually independent of established generation companies. In addition, many business cases for DG require DG to actually operate to capture the second revenue.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General Electrical Aspects Transmission System to Shore System Solutions for Offshore Wind Farms Offshore Grid Systems Alternative Transmission Solutions Conclusions Acknowledgement References