研究普通氧化锌和纳米氧化锌对天然橡胶硫化胶耐疲劳性能的影响.结果 表明:普通氧化锌的粒径较大,不易发生团聚,但其本身颗粒大会导致硫化胶缺陷,而纳米氧化锌粒径较小,比表面积大,活性更好,但用量较大时易在硫化胶中团聚而形成微观空穴,二者均导致硫化胶在交变应力作用下产生裂纹;纳米氧化锌减量20％替代普通氧化锌,其既可在硫化胶中分散均匀,又不易形成微观空穴,且活化效果好,硫化胶的物理性能良好,耐疲劳性能优.

橡胶制品常在周期性交变应力下使用,橡胶材料的耐疲劳性能决定了橡胶制品的疲劳寿命.从延长橡胶制品的疲劳寿命出发,综述胶料配方、工艺条件和使用环境等对橡胶材料疲劳寿命的影响,总结橡胶材料疲劳寿命的研究方法以及有限元仿真预测橡胶材料疲劳寿命等方面的研究进展,指出橡胶材料传统的疲劳寿命分析方法和耐疲劳性能设计的局限性,这对于提升橡胶材料耐疲劳性能分析与设计及延长疲劳寿命具有指导意义.

ABSTRACT Tire developers are responsible for designing against the possibility of crack development in each of the various components of a tire. The task requires knowledge of the fatigue behavior of each compound in the tire, as well as adequate accounting for the multiaxial stresses carried by tire materials. The analysis is illustrated here using the Endurica CL fatigue solver for the case of a 1200R20 TBR tire operating at 837 kPa under loads ranging from 66 to 170% of rated load. The fatigue behavior of the tire's materials is described from a fracture mechanical viewpoint, with care taken to specify each of the several phenomena (crack growth rate, crack precursor size, strain crystallization, fatigue threshold) that govern. The analysis of crack development is made by considering how many cycles are required to grow cracks of various potential orientations at each element of the model. The most critical plane is then identified as the plane with the shortest fatigue life. We consider each component of the tire and show that where cracks develop from precursors intrinsic to the rubber compound (sidewall, tread grooves, innerliner) the critical plane analysis provides a comprehensive view of the failure mechanics. For cases where a crack develops near a stress singularity (i.e., belt-edge separation), the critical plane analysis remains advantageous for design guidance, particularly relative to analysis approaches based upon scalar invariant theories (i.e., strain energy density) that neglect to account for crack closure effects.

橡胶疲劳寿命理论的研究对于提高橡胶产品耐久性的设计和制造具有重要意义.从橡胶的疲劳寿命研究方法、橡胶疲劳影响因素、橡胶疲劳试验以及疲劳理论的实际应用几方面介绍了橡胶材料和橡胶制品疲劳研究的情况,对于橡胶产品的疲劳耐久性分析和设计、提高橡胶产品的使用寿命具有一定的指导意义.