The association between cooking fuel and hearing loss still needs more research to clarify, and two longitudinal cohort studies were explored to find if solid fuel use for cooking affected hearing in Chinese adults. The data from Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) and Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were analyzed. Participants (older than 18) without hearing loss at baseline and follow-up visits were included, which were divided into clean fuel and solid fuel groups. Hearing loss rate was from follow-up visits (both in year 2011) until the recent one (year 2018 in CHARLS and 2019 in CLHLS). Cox regressions were applied to examine the associations with adjustment for potential confounders. Fixed-effect meta-analysis was used to pool the results. A total of 9049 participants (average age 8.34 ± 9.12 [mean ± SD] years; 4247 [46.93%] males) were included in CHARLS cohort study and 2265 participants (average age, 78.75 ± 9.23 [mean ± SD] years; 1148 [49.32%] males) in CLHLS cohort study. There were 1518 (16.78%) participants in CHARLS cohort and 451 (19.91%) participants in CLHLS cohort who developed hearing loss. The group of using solid fuel for cooking had a higher risk of hearing loss (CHARLS: HR, 1.16; 95% CI 1.03–1.30; CLHLS: HR, 1.43; 95% CI 1.11–1.84) compared with the one of using clean fuel. Pooled hazard ratio showed the incidence of hearing loss in the solid fuel users was 1.17 (1.03, 1.29) times higher than that of clean fuel users. Hearing loss was associated with solid fuel use and older people were at higher risk. It is advised to replace solid fuel by clean fuel that may promote health equity.

With the escalating social pressures, there has been a continuous rise in the prevalence of depression among the population, leading to substantial healthcare burdens. Moreover, conventional pharmacological interventions still exhibit certain limitations. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of depression. Randomized controlled trials of probiotics in treating depressive symptoms were retrieved from Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wan Fang database, and CNKI between the establishment of the database and March 2022. The primary outcome was Beck’s depression rating scale (BDI) scores, while the secondary outcomes were depression scores on the DASS-21 scale, biochemical indicators (IL-6, NO, and TNF-α levels), and adverse events. In addition, Revman 5.3 was used for Meta-analysis and quality evaluation, and Stata 17 was used for the Egger test and Begg’s test. A total of 776 patients, including 397 and 379 patients in the experimental and control groups, respectively, were included. The total BDI score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (MD = − 1.98, 95

目的 探讨老年人日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living,ADL)与中短期死亡之间的关系.方法 本研究使用了来自中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,CLHLS)的数据.分析样本包括37 173名CLHLS项目历次调查中的新人群,生存结局来自研究对象2～4年后首次跟踪随访调查结果.失能情况是通过ADL能力量表进行测量.计算ADL总分并进行分组之后,本研究通过多种统计建模策略,探讨不同失能水平对老年人死亡的影响.结果 调整人口学、健康行为、膳食摄入特征等混杂因素后,ADL总分人群死亡风险存在着统计学关联(RR=1.09,95％CI:1.08～1.09,P＜0.001).以6分组作对照,得分高于6分组的人群发生死亡的风险增加69％(RR=1.69,95％CI:1.65～1.74,P＜0.001).以正常组作为对照组,低级失能组和高级失能组的人群发生死亡的风险分别增加52％和92％(RR=1.52,95％CI:1.47～1.56,P＜0.001;RR=1.92,95％CI:1.86～1.97,P＜0.001).结论 基于 CLHLS 样本发现,失能会增加老年人发生死亡的风险,短期随访、低年龄段的失能老年人发生死亡的风险更大.

目的 通过中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据分析中国老年人体质指数(BMI)与死亡风险的关系.方法 收集2011-2018年CHARLS数据库中≥60岁老年人的人口学信息、BMI、慢性病患病情况和死亡情况等资料,采用多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析老年人BMI与死亡风险的关联.结果 收集6 023人资料,男性3 006人,占50.09％;女性3 017人,占49.91％.60～＜70岁4 137人,占68.69％.体重过低637例,占 10.58％;超重 1 544例,占25.63％;肥胖557例,占9.25％.随访35 091人年,死亡1 035人.多因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,调整年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、户口、服用糖尿病治疗药物、服用血脂异常治疗药物和服用高血压治疗药物等变量后,与体重正常相比,体重过低老年人的死亡风险升高(HR=1.496,95％CI:1.261～1.775),肥胖老年人的死亡风险降低(HR=0.671,95％CI:0.511～0.881).结论 基于CHARLS数据分析发现我国老年人BMI与死亡风险存在统计学关联.

Studies have shown the indicative role of handgrip strength in health. However, there is limited evidence revealing its potential effect on death events among middle-aged and older adults in China. We aimed to prospectively evaluate if lower handgrip strength is associated with the event of death. Among 17,167 middle-aged and older adults between age 45 to 96, handgrip strength was collected by a handheld dynamometer in a Chinese longitudinal study of aging trend (CHARLS) 2011-2018. Using Cox proportional hazard models with exposures, we assessed the association between handgrip strength and death events. Elevated handgrip strength values were independently associated with the decreased death risk. These results illustrate that lower handgrip strength is an independent indicator of death risks among middle-aged and older Chinese, which highlights the significance of related intercessions. The median values of five levels of handgrip strength in the entire cohort were 16.5,23,28,33,42kg at baseline. A linear association existed between the handgrip strength values and the risk of all-cause death within 34.2kg. Handgrip strength can serve as an independent indicator for death risks.

目的 分析宁波市鄞州区近年来出生儿童2剂次水痘疫苗(VarV)接种情况及影响因素.方法 宁波市鄞州区2009年1月1日至2016年12月31日出生的所有儿童资料来源于儿童免疫规划信息管理系统,数据记录时间截至2020年3月31日.了解各年2剂次VarV接种情况,分析接种的影响因素.结果 2009—2016年出生儿童2剂次VarV接种率为72.9％.接种率2009年最低(54.5％),2015年最高(81.1％),且逐年升高.影响儿童2剂次VarV接种率的独立危险因素为女性、外地户籍、农村居住.结论 宁波市鄞州区儿童2剂次VarV接种实施较好,仍需适时开展农村地区、外地户籍儿童为重点对象的相关健康干预和查漏补种.

目的 探究中国45岁以上中老年人认知水平与死亡风险的关系.方法 基于中国健康与养老调查2011-2018(CHARLS 2011-2018)数据,共纳入12 038例样本,将认知水平划分为4个等级,对不同认知人群生存率进行LogRank检验,采用多因素Cox回归模型调整混杂因素,探讨不同认知人群的死亡风险差异.结果 7年共观察了 72 662人年(平均每人6.0年),发生了 996例死亡事件(8.3％),按认知水平从高到低死亡密度分别为7.6、10.9、14.3和20.9每千人年.经Cox回归控制调节人口学特征、吸烟、饮酒、社交活动、运动、BMI、糖尿病及高血压等协变量后,结果发现,以认知水平高为对照组,认知较低和认知水平低组的死亡风险分别增加29.6％(HR=1.296,95％CI:1.040～1.615,P=0.021)、40.3％(HR=1.403,95％CI:1.117～1.762,P=0.004).结论 认知水平低会增加中老年人死亡风险,对早期认知功能受损的中老年人应加强干预.