Based on analyze the status quo of water resources development and utilization and its problems, this article showed the general idea of water resources security guarantee system (WRSGS) in Pingtan island. WRSGS included conventional water resources (surface water, groundwater, etc.), unconventional water resources (rainwater, seawater, reclaimed water, etc.) and transferring water. Firstly, use rainwater. Secondly, use transferring water and seawater. Lastly, use groundwater.

Nowadays land use and cover change (LUCC) is not only one of core issues of global change but also plays a critical role in eco-environment construction, global environmental change and sustainable development. Land use and cover changes are more prominent in Jilin Province. In the present paper, the authors performed a study on LUCC over Jilin Province of Northeast China during the period 1996-2005 using Landsat TM images, GIS techniques, Region Climate Model (RegCM3) and measured data. In particular, the authors quantified changes in different kinds of land use types and analyzed their spatial variation trends and characteristics. As well as the authors analyzed LUCC responded to soil environment change. Results are shown as follows. Firstly, in two typical years of 1996 and 2005, overall land use characteristics of Jilin Province changed slightly. The area of land use in Jilin Province could be ordered below: forestland>dry farmland>grassland>paddy field>unused land>building site>water. Secondly, most of land use changes occurred in cultivated land, grassland and unused land. The area change of land use could be ordered below: grassland> unused land> dry farmland>water>paddy field>forestland> building site. Thirdly, there exhibited complex changes among different land use types and the change of farmland was the most obvious. Overall, the area change between grassland and unused land was largest. Fourthly, surface soil moisture was decreased in Baicheng, Taonan, Daan, Zhenlai and so on during the ten years. The sand and silt content was increased, the clay and organic matter content was decreased in Anguang during the ten years.

In the context of global climate change, the regional drought has become a key issue frequently, extensively and diversely, and it also becomes one of the greatest challenges to agricultural activities. The real-time and efficient monitoring on the soil water is one of the important techniques for solving to the drought problem comprehensively. With the support from RS and GIS techniques in this article, we built a regression equation between NDVI and surface temperature to mapping and evaluate the soil moisture of Dongliao River located in the Songliao Plain as the study area in August of 2007. Our study results show a gradually reducing of soil moisture from the southeast to the northwest in this region. The RS inversion results are verified by the measured data from the local observatories such as Liaoyuan, Siping, Yitong, Shuangliao and Shiwu etc. And the ration of the average relative error is 10%. Our result of soil moisture mapping matches the trend of real soil moisture from the field investigation. The result analyzed indicates that the error mainly caused by the coarse spatial resolution of the data and the terrain changes of this study area. Firstly, the spatial resolution of MODIS data is about 1km(2), which is much larger than the real monitoring point. Secondly, the terrain and vegetation of the Southeast is very different from that in Northwest. The former is the mountain and the woodland, while the later is the plain and the arable land.

Remote sensing technology is one of the primary and effective ways to monitor the land use change on the ground. How to increase the speed of extracting the buildings is a research hot spot at present. This article presents a rapid method to extract buildings information. Based on the spectrum analysis of the first band of the TM Image, we establish some rules to extract the buildings information from the TM image of Tangshan in 1992, 1999, 2006 and 2009. With the rules, we extract and analysis the temporal and spatial distribution changes in the period of 1992-2009. At the same time, this method costs more less time than manual interpretation and NDISI. Results reveal that: it is a simple and high speed to extract the building information by using a single band of TM image, but the result dependents highly on the quality of the image. Because the clouds, mountains, bare earth and so on will affect the accuracy of the extract result. Secondly, the area of the buildings in Tangshan has expanded 182.05 km(2) in the 17 years, and the speed of city's increasing has become faster and faster.