皖垦粳4618是安徽皖垦种业股份有限公司和扬州大学共同选育的优质粳稻新品种,其以南粳46为母本、武育粳18号为父本,经过系谱法选育而成.2022年通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定.该粳稻品种具有高产稳产、米质优、综合抗病性较好等突出优点.本文作者系统地介绍了皖垦粳4618的选育及栽培技术.

'皖垦粳516'是以'南粳46'为母本、'徐稻5号'为父本进行杂交,后代采用系谱法联合选育而成的优质高产粳稻新品种.笔者介绍了该品种的选育经过、特征特性和产量表现,并详细阐述了其轻简化栽培技术要点.

常规水稻品种的种性在自然生长过程中易受气候等诸多因素的影响而变化.文章着重阐述影响常规水稻种子种性变化的因素,并针对各种因素提出一些针对措施,做好常规水稻种子的提纯复壮工作.

皖垦糯3号是扬州大学与安徽皖垦种业股份有限公司联合选育的优质糯稻新品种,该品种自2015年参加安徽省中粳组区试试验,于2018年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定.该品种表现高产、优质、多抗,适应性好,有着广泛的市场前景,该品种的推广和运用能促进农民增收、企业增效、提高社会效益.本文作者介绍了皖垦糯3号的选育过程、主要特征特性、产量表现,以及高产栽培技术.

皖垦粳11036是皖垦种业和江苏(武进)水稻研究所联合选育的水稻新品种,是以宁粳3号为父本,(扬4038/075)F6为母本采用系谱法选育而成的适宜集约化、轻型化栽培的优质粳稻新品种.文章介绍了该品种的选育经过、特征特性和产量表现,并对其轻简化栽培技术也作了简要介绍.

[Objective]Rice tiller angle is an important plant-type trait. The appropriate tiller angle is generally a critical factor in developing ideal-type high-yielding rice variety. [Methods]Effects of tiller angle controlling gene TAC1 on agronomic traits, sheath blight resistance, grain yield and quality were investigated under conditions of one-plant one-point and multi-plants one-point transplantation by using four pairs of near isogenic lines(NILs) at TAC1 gene.[Results]TAC1 increased rice tiller angle in all the genetic backgrounds tested, which is beneficial for reducing adverse impacts of sheath blight, without affecting other agronomical traits. Under high-yielding cultivation condition of multi-plant one-point transplantation, numbers of effective panicles in all the NILs with TAC1 were apparently higher than those of corresponding NILs with tac1. In the background of indica rice Teqing, the seed-setting rate, 1000-grain weight and plant yield of Teqing-TAC1 line were all higher than those of Teqing-tac1 line; however, the reverse results were obtained in the background of Lemont. In backgrounds of Wulingjing 1 and Zhendao 88, NILs with TAC1 gene displayed slightly grain yield than those with tac1 gene. The grain processing and appearance qualities of Teqing-TAC1 line were slightly improved compared to the corresponding control, while other TAC1-harboring NILs showed just the reverse with statistically insignificant difference. [Conclusions]The indica rice with long leaf has a narrow range of appropriate tiller angles but for japonica rice with short leaf, the range is wider. Increasing rice tiller angle to an extent is beneficial for reducing sheath blight influence. TAC1 improves the plant type of japonica rice as well as the compact type indica rice.

Indica rice cultivar Teqing and japonica rice cultivar Zhendao 88 were used as the donor parents with the sheath blight (SB) resistance QTL qSB-9 TQ and the resistance gene Stv-b i , respectively.Commercial rice japonica cultivars, Wuyujing 3 and Wujing 15, were used as the receipt parents to cross and backcross with the donor parents, respectively.Flanked polymorphic markers to the two loci were developed and employed to select the target loci via marker assisted selection (MAS) in each backcross and self-cross progeny.Till backcross generation BC 4 F 1 , pyramiding was performed by crossing the selected individuals with different integression genes.At F 3 generation, the pyramiding lines with homozygosity at both gene loci were obtained.Results of disease resistance evaluation indicated that both pyramiding lines were resistant to stripe disease, and increased resistance to SB with a reducing SB sating of 1.1-1.6 in Wuyujing 3 background and 0.8-1.4 in Wujing 15 background based on a "0-9" SB rating scale.Combining the results of resistance phenotype at the low backcrossing generation, we thought the markers developed in this study were efficient in selecting the two genes by MAS.Some questions associated with SB resistance breeding and pyramiding breeding via MAS were discussed.

By using Qimiaoxiang as recurrent parent and four leaf rolling materials(5408,JuanzhenB,YSBR1 and Peiai64S) as non-recurrent parent,a set of near isogenic lines(NILs) on leaf rolling in BC_7F_3 generation were obtained to study the effects of different leaf rolling gene.The main results were as follow: there was very significant difference in leaf rolling index of flag leaf(LRI) among four NILs,and there was significant difference in cardinal angle of flag leaf,primary branch number per panicle and 1000-grain weight between partial NILs and Qimiaoxiang,and there was no significant difference in other characters between four NILs and Qimiaoxiang F_1 generations from cross between 4 NILs and Qimiaoxiang had significant difference in LRI of flag leaf,and their LRIs were less than mean value of parents,therefore,it was speculated that character of rolling leaf was controlled by recessive gene.Further study on character and gene of rolling leaf using NILs was discussed.

Sheath blight(SB) resistance of 64 commercialized japonica rice cultivars around Tenth Five-year Plan in Jiangsu Province were evaluated by using artificial inoculation in a two-year test.The consistent trend of SB development and severity within tested cultivars were found between years and between replications in each year.Totally,the cultivars with shorter whole-growth-stage(Zhong-Shu Zhong-Jing-Dao) had lowest resistance,and the cultivars with longer whole-growth-stage (Zao-Zhong-shu Wan-Jing-Dao) showed relatively higher SB resistance than that of medium whole-growth-stage(Chi-Shu Zhong-Jing-Dao).In a '0-9' rating scale system,no cultivars reached resistant and high resistant levels.Eight cultivars with moderate resistance level distributed in different whole-growth-stage groups.Furthermore,identifying methods and rating criterions in evaluation of SB resistance,and other problems associated with SB resistant breeding were discussed in this paper.