目的 了解老年脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁现状和影响因素.方法 选取2021年6月—2022年1月在华北理工大学附属医院住院治疗的773例60岁及以上的老年脑卒中患者作为调查对象,采用问卷和医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)进行调查.通过单因素及多因素线性回归分析老年脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁的影响因素.结果 脑卒中患者抑郁评分为9.24±6.28分,焦虑评分9.38±5.92分.单因素分析结果显示,年龄、居住地、文化程度、收支状况、婚姻、疾病情况、眩晕、语言障碍、肢体无力、与病友关系、与医护人员关系及与照顾者关系是影响老年脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁的因素(P<0.05).多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、语言障碍、肢体无力、与医护人员关系、与照顾者关系是老年脑卒中患者焦虑情绪的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、文化程度、语言障碍、肢体无力、与病友关系、与医护人员关系、与照顾者关系是老年脑卒中患者抑郁情绪的影响因素(P<0.05).结论 老年脑卒中患者发生焦虑、抑郁的情况较为严重,年龄、文化程度、语言障碍、肢体无力、与医护人员关系、与照顾者关系是影响患者发生焦虑、抑郁的因素.

Objective To understand the language function impairment in patients with brain trauma, and analyze the relationship between the injury site and the language function impairment, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment and rehabilitation.Methods 797 patients with traumatic brain injury were selected. Their language function was evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale（MoCA） and Simplified Mental State Scale（MMSE） 7 to 10 days after trauma, and the site of injury was determined by CT examination.Results The MoCA score of TBI patients was（2.16±1.13）, and 42.53% of them had impaired language function. MMSE language score was（7.20±2.51）, and 51.57% of patients had impaired language function. Multiple linear regression analysis based on MoCA language score showed that temporal lobe, frontal lobe, brainstem, parietal lobe and basal ganglia injury were the influencing factors of language function impairment in TBI patients（P＜0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis based on MMSE language score showed that temporal lobe, frontal lobe, brainstem and thalamus injury were the influencing factors of language function impairment in TBI patients（P＜0.05）.The results of the two evaluation methods were consistent in that temporal lobe, frontal lobe and brainstem predicted language function, but inconsistent in that MoCA showed parietal lobe and basal ganglia, and MMSE showed thalamus also affected language function.Conclusion The rate of impaired language function in patients with brain trauma is high. The damage of temporal lobe, frontal lobe, brainstem and basal ganglia can predict impaired language function. Clinical attention should be paid to the rational diagnosis and treatment plan.