目的:对5岁以下儿童死亡原因进行研究分析,为降低5岁以下儿童死亡率制定可行的干预措施及提供科学依据。方法:收集近6年的279例5岁以下儿童死亡的相关资料。结果:本市5岁以下儿童的死亡率为28.50‰。新生儿窒息为主要的死亡原因。5岁以下儿童死亡中婴儿死亡占91.40%,新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的83.50%。儿童死亡地点及死前就诊情况分析表明相当比例的死亡儿童未得到很好的医疗保健服务,特别是农村的妇幼卫生保健工作存在差距。结论:建议加强各级领导对妇幼保健工作的重视,提高农村妇幼人员的业务素质,提高产科医疗技术,进一步做好健康教育宣传工作。

Objective To study the death mode of Hep-2 tumor cells induced by attenuated newcastle disease(NDV) virus strain and the mechanism of induction.Methods Determine intracellular ROS level by AO/EB staining,electron microscopy and DCFA staining,and mitochondrial trans-membrane potential by Rhodamine 123 staining.Results The Hep-2 tumor cells infected with an attenuated NDV strain was concentrated and densely stained with AO/EB.The infection also caused the shrinkage of cell nucleuses and the chromatin agglutination at cell borders.Seventy-two hours after infection,FACS cell cycle analysis showed diploid dueto-hump and an apoptosis rate of 8.59%,and significant apoptosis was observed by electron microscopy.In addition,NDV infection induced the increase of intracellular ROS levels and the decline of mitochondrial trans-membrane potential.Conclusion Attenuated NDV strain induced the apoptosis of tumor cells mainly through mitochondrial pathway.

目前角膜穿孔的主要治疗手段是穿透性角膜移植术,但角膜来源非常困难,尤其在角膜穿孔紧急状态下结膜遮盖术常不能达到封闭角膜穿孔的目的.笔者采用异体新鲜羊膜移植术治疗角膜穿孔1例收到良好效果,现报告如下.