The crystal structure of MgSO3 . H2O, space group P2(1)/n, Z = 4, D-x = 2.415 g . cm(-3) a = 4.699(1), b = 12.751(3), c = 5.618(1) Angstrom, beta = 90.49(3)degrees, was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. MgSO3 . H2O crystallizes in the MnSO3 . H2O type. The structure consists of buckled trans layers (2)(infinity) [MgSO3 . H2O], which are built up from strongly distorted MgO5(H2O) octahedra sharing four equatorial vertices, and of trigonal pyramidal SO32- ions. It is closely related to the structures of orthorhombic MnSeO3 . D2O and monoclinic ZnSeO3 . H2O. The Mg-O distances range from 2.051(3) to 2.175(4) Angstrom. The S-O distances (1.543(3), 1.547(3) and 1.493(3) Angstrom) and the O-S-O angles (98.4(2) and 2x 106.0(2)degrees) correspond to those in MnSO3 . H2O. The distortion of the MO5(H2O) octahedra (M = Mg, Mn) and of the SO32- ions is smaller in MgSO3 . H2O, but with greater deviations from m symmetry. The distances between the H-connected (2)(infinity)[MSO3 . H2O] layers are greater in MgSO3 . H2O, indicating weaker inter-layer hydrogen bonds. The lateral arrangement of the (2)(infinity)[MSO3 . H2O] layers is nearly the same in both sulfite monohydrates.

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Abstract The crystal structure of MgSO3·H2O , space group P21 /ln, Z = 4, Dx = 2.415 g·cm-3 , a = 4.699(1), b = 12.751(3), c = 5.618(1) Å, β = 90.49(3)°, was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. MgSO3·H2O crystallizes in the MnSO3·H2O type. The structure consists of buckled trans layers ∞[MgSO3·H2O], which are built up from strongly distorted MgO5(H2O) octahedra sharing four equatorial vertices, and of trigonal pyramidal SO3 2- ions. It is close­ly related to the structures of orthorhombic MnSeO3·D2O and monoclinic ZnSeO3·H2O . The Mg-O distances range from 2.051(3) to 2.175(4) Å. The S-O distances (1.543(3), 1.547(3) and 1.493(3) Å) and the O-S-O angles (98.4(2) and 2x 106.0(2)°) correspond to those in MnSO3·H2O . The distortion of the MO5(H2O) octahedra (M = Mg, Mn) and of the SO3 2- ions is smaller in MgSO3·H2O , but with greater deviations from m symmetry. The distances between the H-connected ∞ 2[MSO3·H2O] layers are greater in MgSO3·H2O , indicating weaker inter-layer hydrogen bonds. The lateral arrangement of the ∞ 2[MSO3·H2O] layers is nearly the same in both sulfite monohydrates.

Against the background of the introduction of the new, low-alkaline compact dishwashing detergents and the associated glass damage during automatic dishwashing a comparative test was carried out. Glasses of different origin and composition were subjected to a continuous dishwashing test with up to 1000 cycles which compared the highly alkaline conventional detergent with different new formulation variants of low-alkaline compact detergents obtained from the market as well as with water. While the conventional and carbonate-containing compact detergent did not cause visible corrosion, the detergent with a high disilicate content already caused serious glass damage after 50 washing cycles in the form of clouding and iridescence. These phenomena render the drinking glasses esthetically unsuitable. At the same time, on-glaze decoration of chinaware which is not resistant to machine dishwashing is protected by these last-mentioned detergents.Details of the processes in the washed glass surface were examined by means of XPS depth profiles up to a depth of 300 nm. It could be shown that during washing with automatic dishwashing detergents of a high disilicate content silica from the wash liquor separates in a similar structure as the glass itself on the glass surface, which causes the corrosion phenomena clouding and iridescence. Active substances and constituents of the wash liquor can be incorporated in the deposited layer.Since the new, low-alkaline compact detergents are gaining more and more importance on the market, this paper was intended to clarify the causes of increasing glass corrosion during machine dishwashing.

The invention pertains to the use of cationic polymers as soil-release compounds in clear-rinsing agents for dish washers, said cationic polymers being selected from cationic polymers of copolymers of monomers such as trialkylammoniumalkyl(meth)acrylate or -acrylamide; dialkyldiallyldiammonium salts; polymer-like reaction products of ethers or esters of polysaccharides with ammonium side groups, especially guar, cellulose and starch derivatives; polyadducts of ethylene oxide with ammonium groups; quaternary ethylene imine polymers and polyesters and polyamides with quaternary side groups. These polymers have been shown to be especially effective in removing starchy soiling.

The invention pertains to the use of polyglucosan oxidation products in clear rinsing agents and to clear rinsing agents containing polyglucosan oxidation products.