Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) pool is a key component in biogeochemical processes and carbon cycles in aquatic environments. However, less attention has been paid to how CDOM pool is affected by xenobiotics. Herein, we investigate bisphenols (BPs) and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) interaction with pure purchased humic substances (HS; i.e., humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA)) and amino acid (AA; i.e., tyrosine (TYR), tryptophan (TRY)) and the riverine CDOM pool using UV-vis absorption and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Notably, low and high (2.5 x 10(-3) and 1 mg/L) concentrations of BPs and PFAS increase dissolved organic carbon to more than 100 and 200 %, respectively. However, CDOM abundance decreased by similar to 95 and similar to 60 % in treatments of HA with BPs and PFAS, respectively. Furthermore, controls FA and HA, TRY and TYR had higher aromaticity values (> 2, > 8, > 0.7 and > 0.8, respectively) compared to their corresponding treatments with BPs and PFAS (< 0.5, < 1, < 0.3, and < 0.5, respectively). BPs and PFAS significantly decrease (average of -45.34 and -65.53 %, respectively) riverine CDOM abundance and aromaticity. These findings demonstrate that BPs and PFAS are important carbon sources to aquatic ecosystems. They significantly reduce CDOM abundance which will enhance UV-light penetration into the water column, and also reduce CDOM aromaticity thus, increase its degradability and hydrophilicity, but decrease its disinfection byproduct formation potential. The findings of this study provide new and useful information about the impacts of BPs and PFAS on the CDOM pool.

The present study aims to enhance agroforestry resources and reduce postharvest losses through the bioconversion of cashew apple juice from red morphotype into bioethanol by alcoholic fermentation for its use as biofuel.To do this, fermentative performance of the yeasts Saccharomyces carlsbergensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on cashew apple juice from red morphotype were investigated.Results from monitoring of fermentation kinetic parameters such as acidity, Brix degree, pH and density, indicated a great variability of these parameters during the fermentation process in the presence of urea (CON2H4).The distillation of the musts at the end of fermentation revealed that alcoholic degree (% v/v) of musts are comprised from (20.48 ± 0.02%) and (47.26 ± 0.03%).All the strains used as ferments have seen their performance improved by the adding of Urea to the musts.Therefore, this agroresource constitutes a potential source of raw material for the bioethanol production.

The management of waste generated by hospitals, whether solid, liquid or gaseous, is a real problem given the risk it represents for human health and the environment. In order to contribute to the improvement of the management of Biomedical Waste (BMW) in health structures in Benin, a study was carried out at the hospital La Croix in Zinvie in 2014 on 105 individuals then resumed with 90 individuals in 2020. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The data collection instruments are the interview guide, the observation grid, the questionnaire and the laboratory analyses. From the results obtained, it appears that only 0.38% of the centers liquid biomedical waste (LBMW) is produced at the level of its various departments and constitutes infectious waste. This waste is then mixed with water similar to domestic water and discharged into the environment after a summary treatment with bleach while the values of their physico-chemical parameters (BOD5, COD) exclude all self-purification hypothesis. In addition, approximately 37302 tons of infectious solid waste and 86 kg of anatomical waste are produced and managed each year in the center. Sorting at source, which was poorly done in 2014, is increasingly done in compliance with the legislation. It is therefore urgent to generalize this practice in hospitals in Benin, to promote the installation of LBMW treatment stations and/or to recommend a categorical treatment of the latter for better environmental protection.

Natural minerals are a powerful tool in politics when some have a major role in production. Its depletion is now a hot topic worldwide. Thus, the safety of the environment, natural surface water, groundwater and the protection of soils from chronic contamination by metallic and inorganic elements is a global concern. Indeed, industrialization and development have led to the generation of huge and varied amounts of waste, including electronic waste (e-waste), which is released into the environment. Although e-waste is classified as hazardous, most of it is not recycled and developed countries with strict environmental protection legislation send most of their e-waste to developing countries where regulations are lax. These electronic devices and components after being used are simply dumped into the environment due to lack of treatment and recycling strategy. As a result, they become a threat to the environment, ecosystems and humans. African countries are among the most vulnerable nations. But they are unfortunately ignored and underestimated. To date, there is no e-waste recycling unit (factory) in most African countries and mainly in the Republic of Benin. In response to this challenge, this study explored the different techniques used for the recycling of waste electrical/electronic equipment in order to develop a new environmentally friendly approach in future work, for the extraction and recycling of the usual and valuable metallic elements contained in electronic waste (printed circuit boards) released into the environment. For this purpose, a bibliographic research was carried out from 20 April to 16 October 2021. The results obtained allowed us to identify the advantages and disadvantages of existing recycling methods.

The use of plastics from non-biodegradable fossil resources is a major source of pollution. As a result, fossil resources are gradually being replaced or reinforced by renewable resources such as: agropolymers, polymers from microorganisms and biotechnology in the manufacture of ecological plastics. Our study therefore proposed an effective solution to this problem via the valorization of agropolymers from orange peels in bioplastics. The physicochemical parameters of two varieties of orange peel grown in Benin (Valencia and Pineaple) were determined by following international standard protocols. From the obtained results, it appears that the pH of orange peels is comprised between 3.59 and 4.04; orange peels are acidic and constitute a pollution factor for the environment. The peels are also rich in cellulose (19.08% for Valencia and 19.76% for Pineaple) . The pectin content is 23.5% in the peels from Valencia variety while that of the Pineaple variety is 22.00%. Lignin content ranges 4.75% to 6.93%. These fibers’ contents show that orange peels are a potential source of biomass that can be used as reinforcement material in the formulation of bioplastics.

Waste management is a major problem to which the agricultural and food industries must find solutions. The latter use pineapple in most of the processes for the manufacture of fruit juices. These processes result in tons of waste that are often abandoned on dumps near the processing plants, polluting the water table and the quality of surface water after drainage by rainwater. Our study therefore proposed to find an efficient solution to this problem by valorizing agro-industrial pineapple waste in animal feed. Thus, the physicochemical parameters of pineapple peelings and soybean cakes were determined following protocols of French standards. From the results obtained, it appears that pineapple peelings are rich in fermentable sugars, especially cellulose, a source of energy (34% DM) but poor in total nitrogenous matter (6.86%). As feed is a source of protein, soybean meal was added to pineapple peels for enrichment in total nitrogenous matter. The characterized soybean meal showed that it contains 33.46% of total nitrogenous matter. A more complete characterization of the formulated feeds will have to be carried out for their better use in animal feed.

Abiotic, biotic, and sparingly the xenobiotic factors are considered to influence the compositional variation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic environments. Increasing discharge of xenobiotics into water bodies necessitates the need to investigate their effects on the key components of DOM. The effects of bisphenols (BP) and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) on the fluorescence characteristics of pure humic substances (HS) and amino acids (AA) of DOM were examined by using excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEMPARAFAC) and the attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy in this work. The results showed that interactions of fulvic acid (FA), humic acid (HA), and tryptophan (Trp) with the xenobiotic compounds could generate some fluorescence components like both HS and AA components, whereas the interactions with tyrosine (Tyr) could only generate AA fluorescence components. In addition, it was revealed that the fluorescence intensity of HS decreases by 50-70% and 18-25% in the treatments of HA and FA, respectively, at low concentration (2.5 x 10-3 mg/L) of BP, while this increases by 350-425% and 18-25% at the same concentration of PFAS. However, both BP and PFAS increase the fluorescence intensity of AA. The findings suggest that the xenobiotic compounds are important factors affecting the compositional variation of DOM, especially in the anthropogenically-impacted water bodies.

The objective of this study was to determine some physico-chemical and biochemical parameters of the leaves of a sweet variety of cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) grown in South Benin, particularly in the regions of Pobè, Adja-ouèrè and Kétou, in order to assess their nutritional value. The results revealed that cassava leaves are a good source of fiber, the vitamin C content of the leaves varied from 69.48 to 75.16 mg/100 g of fresh matter; beta-carotene, varied from 1970 to 2347 μg/100 g of fresh matter. They were also rich in mineral elements with potassium values ranging from 18784 to 23542 mg/100 g of fresh matter. The calcium content varied from 1065 to 1260 mg / 100 g dry matter, and the phosphorus content varied from 1369 to 2410 mg / 100 g of dry matter. The magnesium content ranged from 1330 to 1680 mg / 100 g of dry matter. The iron content varied from 13 to 15 mg / 100 g of dry matter. The protein content was more than 30%. These leaves are good sources of carbohydrates with contents ranging from 160 to 170 mg / 100 g of dry matter for reducing sugars and 1340 to 1630 mg / 100 g of dry matter for total sugars. The analysis of these parameters revealed that cassava leaves are an important nutritional intake due to their high content of vitamin C and beta carotene, minerals, and soluble and insoluble fibers that have a beneficial effect on the intestinal mucosa. In view of these various benefits, it would be appropriate to encourage the population to consume cassava leaves because they have a very high nutritional value.

The present study aimed at exploring the potential of producing biofuels from unconventional vegetable oils extracted from Anacardium occidentale kernels. Accordingly, oils were extracted from Anacardium occidentale kernels and subjected to physical and chemical characterization namely: density; lower calorific value (PCI); quality indexes; fatty acid profile, viscosity using French and ISO standards. Results revealed that Anacardium occidentale almonds have a lipidic potential of 52.54%, the transesterification reaction yield was 78.28%. As for the quality indices of the vegetable oil: acidity (˃1%); saponification index (205.29 mg KOH/g-oil); peroxide value (8.08 meq O2/kg-oil) and iodine value (108.84 mg iodine/g-oil) were considerably reduced for biodiesel. The vegetable oil was unsaturated type with the predominance of oleic acid (43.86%). The fuel characteristics of the oil obtained were: acidity (2.89%), density at 40°C (0.796 g/cm3) cetane number (41.47). The raw extracted oil is not usable as fuel for engine due to its very high viscosity ranging 30.69 mm2/s. As a consequence, a prior chemical treatment is necessary to reduce the viscosity. Our results provided an insight on the energetic potential of the investigated oil, with respect to its use as a source for biodiesel in replacement of the current conventional diesel fuel.

The papaya (Carica papaya), of the family Caricaceae, is a tree-like tropical plant, native to Central and South America. Papaya cultivation extends to all warm and humid countries. The present study consists in using the solution of raw Carica papaya latex (SLCP) cultivated in Benin as a natural biodegradable flocculant in a physico-chemical process to treat liquid discharges loaded with metals including iron, copper, zinc, and manganese; and suspended matter, and also to test its efficiency against other products commonly used in wastewater treatment. The tests were carried out on water samples from the wastewater collector that runs through the Agla district in Cotonou. The comparative study with a commonly used flocculant, aluminium sulphate, showed outstanding competitiveness with a high flocculation power for the solution of Carica papaya raw latex. In six water samples from the collector with average concentrations of iron, copper, zinc and manganese of 18.20 mg/L ; 2.50mg/L ; 3.80 mg/L and 3.70 mg/L respectively, the percentages of metal removal exceeded 90% for iron and manganese and around 85% for copper and zinc with the combination FeCl3 + SLCP. The NaOH + SLCP combination showed a very significant effect on the removal of metals (96% reduction) and suspended matter.

Ocimum gratissimum L. is a plant whose leaf ash is widely cited as having wound healing properties. This work therefore consists in verifying the healing activity of the ashes of the leaves of this plant. Different leaf samples of this plant were collected from four sites in the central region of Benin and six sites in the southern region. The leaves of this plant were treated and calcined in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 500°C. The mineral contents of the ashes obtained are determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-Emission Spectrometry (SEM/EDS). Each ash was also dissolved and the pH of the substrates obtained measured. The results obtained show that the various ashes are rich in minerals with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties such as zinc (3256ppm-5020pm), sulphur (1278ppm-3513pm) and selenium (186ppm-412pm). In addition, the ashes studied are slightly acidic and their presence in a wound would not favour the development of certain pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella. The results obtained provide justification for the traditional use of Ocimum gratissimum L. leaf ash in the treatment of external wounds.

In the perspective of sustainable development, which involves the use of all biomass, two oilseeds have been selected according to their potential interests: Citrullus lanatus and Lagenaria siceraria. The physico-chemical characterization (oil and extraction cake) has been done. Thus, for extracted oils, unsaturated fatty acids are in the majority with the predominance of oleic and linoleic acids (21.31 to 44.36% and 16.20 to 70.35% respectively). The study of unsaponifiable fractions revealed that: Citrullus lanatus oil contains 134 mg/100g sterols (including 78.60% β-sitosterol) and 83.9mg/100g tocopherols (including 73.7% α-tocopherol) and Lagenaria siceraria oil contains 124mg/100 sterols (including 58.14% β-sitosterol) and 76.4mg/100g tocopherols (including 66.9% α-tocopherol). Phospholipids (0.39 and 0.40% respectively for Lagenaria siceraria and Citrullus lanatus) were quantified on the basis of phosphorus content. This study shows the nutritional value of oils through their compositions in essential fatty acids, their richness in phytosterols and tocopherols on the one hand and the ways in which co-products resulting from the extraction of selected seeds on the other hand are valued. Research showing the influence of stabilizing agents on the quality and stability of oils should be carried out to make their use easier. Tests of the use of these oils in the fields of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, paints and polymer synthesis industries could be carried out.

This work allowed us to determine the biochemical profile and antioxidant potential of the fru it pulp of Parkia biglobosa and Tamarindus indica in order to better understand their nutritional and med icinal quality and their value. Following the determination of metabolites by phytochemical screening and determination of phenolic compounds, the antiradical capacity of the extracts was evaluated on the basis of their reactivity with a free radical, stable in solution, 1,1-DiPhenyl-2-Picry lHydrazyl (DPPH). Fro m our study, it appears that the pulps of these fruits are rich in vitamin C and minerals with high levels in the fruits of Parkia biglobosa. The fruit of Tamarindus indica has the highest protein content (05.39 ± 0.001%) while the fruit of Parkia biglobosa has the highest levels of total sugars (3.34 ± 0.01%) and lip ids (23.25 ± 0.01%). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, mucilages and saponosides in our samples. The plant material investigated shows high levels of phenolic compounds (total phenol compounds, total flavonoids and condensed tannins) respectively 2.14 ± 0.01 mg EA G / g MS; 8.31 ± 0.57 mg EQ / g DM and 2.60 ± 0.28 mg EC / g DM for Tamarindus indica versus 2.00 ± 0.01 mg EA G / g DM , 6.16 ± 0.40 mg EQ / g DMand 0.51 ± 0.01 EC mg / g DMfor Parkia biglobosa. This work has provided us with data on the composition of fruit pulp for nutritional, d ietary and socioeconomic uses.

Le gombo, de son nom scientifique Abelmoschus spp., est un légume fruit très répandu sur le territoire béninois et consommé par les différents groupes sociolinguistiques qui s’y trouvent. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les propriétés physico-chimiques de sept morphotypes de gombo. Après le screening phytochimique, les composés phénoliques des fruits de sept morphotypes de gombo (Abelmoschus spp.) ont été quantifiés au spectrophotomètre UV–Visible. L’activité antiradicalaire des extraits éthanoliques des fruits a été déterminée à température ambiante par la méthode basée sur la réactivité des extraits avec un radical libre, stable en solution, le l, l-DiPhényl-2-PicrylHydrazyle (DPPH). Trois composés de référence, reconnus pour leur pouvoir antioxydant ont servi de référence afin de valider le potentiel antioxydant des extraits étudiés. L’exploration du potentiel phytochimique réalisé sur les sept (07) morphotypes de gombo investiguées a révélé la présence, dans des fruits, des tanins (galliques et catéchiques), des flavonoïdes libres, des sucres réducteurs, des anthraquinones combinés, des mucilages et des leucoanthocyanes tandis que les anthocyanes, les alcaloïdes et les coumarines n’ont été détectés dans aucune des sept morphotypes. Le dosage colorimétrique a montré que la plus forte teneur en composés phénoliques totaux (2,36±0,02) mg/g s’est révélé au niveau du morphotype M52. Les tanins condensés sont plus concentrés dans l’extrait du morphotype M3 (33,25±0,89) mg/g. Le morphotype M3 possède la plus forte teneur en flavonoïdes totaux (10,29±1,81) mg/g. Les résultats de l’étude de l’activité antiradicalaire (test au DPPH) ont révélé que l’extrait du morphotype M52 est plus actif que les autres morphotypes bien qu’ayant une activité plus faible que celle des standard utilisés. Le gombo constitue donc une source potentielle de composés phénoliques, biomolécules à multiple activités biologiques, qui pourrait être conseillé aussi bien dans les préparations alimentaires que pharmaceutiques.Mots clés: Gombo, potentiel phytochimique, activité antiradicalaire.

The aim of this study is to valorize the fruit of Artocarpus altilis by assessing the nutritional quality, phenolic compound content, and radical scavenging power of its flour and the possible transformation of the flour into porridge with acceptable organoleptic characteristics. The determination of the phenolic compounds was carried out by spectrophotometry and antioxidant activity by the DPPH method while the nutritional parameters were evaluated by Official methods of analysis of the AOAC. The results showed that breadfruit flour contained carbohydrates (78.74%), water (12.60%), fat (8.45%), low protein (0.17%) and total mineral (0.036 %) content. The production yield of the flour is of 21.65%, while the extraction of secondary metabolites showed that the aqueous ethanolic extract has the highest (3%) yield of extraction followed by the ethanolic and aqueous extracts which have 2% as a yield of extraction. The aqueous ethanolic extract has the highest total polyphenols content (74.92 mg GAE/g DM) while the ethanolic extract has the highest flavonoids content (100.16 mg CE/g DM) and better antiradical activity (IC50 = 0.16 g/mL) compared to other extracts. The highest content of condensed tannins (24.30 mg CE/g DM) was observed in the aqueous extract. The porridge most appreciated by the tasting panel is the one prepared with 15 g of flour and 0.25 L of water aromatized with citronella (Cymbopogon citratus) leaves. The flour of breadfruit tree fruit is a potential source of nutrients and phenolic compounds which can improve the health of Africa people often struck by under nutrition and many other ailments. Besides the uses made of this fruit, it can be ground into flour for better conservation and used against seasonal.

The disadvantaged areas of South Benin and the Agla district of Cotonou are faced with problems of cyclical floods. These areas of swamps and water reservoirs favor the proliferation of water-borne diseases (diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid fever, etc.), especially in small children because of the 82.5% population.The aim of our study is to assess the pollution status of these waters in order to draw the attention of the population in general and of the communal officials in particular to the need to promote simple methods of reducing domestic wastewater pollutants.In order to achieve this objective, we collected and analyzed the waste water (EV water, gray water EG) and compared these results with those of the wastewater collector water (ECE) which crosses the Agla district. The physico-chemical parameters of the wastewater were determined in accordance with French standards.The results show that all waters are slightly alkaline and have a high content of organic pollutants (COD and BOD5). The waters of the collector (ECE) and the gray water (EG) have a COD content equal to 1 395 and 1 457 mg/L respectively. Valve water has a higher COD (3 077 mg/L) than the latter. Gray water has high conductivities (2 458 μS/cm). Finally, the presence of fecal enterococci (EV, ECE) which show fecal pollution. On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that the wastewater of the Agla district is polluted and that the waste water and the collector (EV; ECE) are out of class (HC). Gray water varies between class C (Poor quality water) and HC. All of these waters require prior treatment before release into the immediate environment. Les zones déshéritées du Sud Bénin comme le quartier Agla de Cotonou sont confrontées aux problèmes d’inondations cycliques. Ces zones constituées de marécages et de retenues d’eaux favorisent la prolifération des maladies hydriques (diarrhée, choléra, dysenterie, fièvre typhoïde etc…) particulièrement chez les petits enfants à cause des eaux usées domestiques qui y sont déversées par 82,5 % de la population.Notre étude a pour but d’évaluer l’état de pollution de ces eaux afin d’attirer l’attention de la population en générale et des responsables communaux en particulier sur la nécessité de promouvoir des méthodes simples de réduction des polluants des eaux usées domestiques.En vue de l’atteinte de cet objectif, nous avons procédé au prélèvement et à l’analyse des eaux usées (l’eau vanne EV, l’eau grise EG) puis comparé ces résultats à ceux des eaux du collecteur d’eaux usées (ECE) qui traverse le quartier Agla. Les paramètres physico chimiques des eaux usées ont été déterminés conformément aux normes françaises.Les résultats montrent que toutes les eaux sont légèrement alcalines et ont une teneur élevée en polluants organiques (DCO et DBO5). Les eaux du collecteur d’eau (ECE) et les eaux grises (EG) ont respectivement une teneur en DCO égale à 1 395 et 1 457 mg/L. Les eaux vannes ont un taux en DCO (3 077 mg/L) supérieur à ces dernières. Les eaux grises ont des conductivités élevées (2 458 µS/cm). Enfin, on note la présence des Entérocoques fécaux (EV, ECE) qui montrent une pollution fécale. Sur la base de ces résultats, on peut conclure que les eaux usées du quartier Agla sont polluées et que les eaux vannes et du collecteur (EV ; ECE) sont hors classes (HC). Les eaux grises varient entre la classe C (Eau de mauvaise qualité) et HC. Toutes ces eaux nécessitent un traitement préalable avant rejet dans l’environnement immédiat.

L'eau, source potentielle de vie, doit subir diverses analyses physico-chimiques qui définiront sa qualité pour la consommation humaine afin d'éviter les risques de maladies hydriques pour les consommateurs. La présente étude vise à déterminer la qualité physico-chimique de l'eau de boisson des populations de deux villes du Bénin : Dassa-Zoumè et Cotonou. Trois points de prélèvement ont été identifiés dans chacune des deux localités pour un total de six (06) échantillons. Dix-neuf paramètres physico-chimiques ont été évalués sur ces échantillons. Certains paramètres (température, pH, turbidité et conductivité) susceptibles de modification au cours du transport ont été déterminés "in situ". Les résultats obtenus ont montré que l'eau des deux localités que consomment les populations est de bonne qualité sur le plan physico-chimique. Néanmoins, l'eau de consommation des populations de Dassa est plus alcaline et plus dure que celle de Cotonou : soit respectivement de 390 à 480 mg/l et de 25 à 35 mg/l puis de 232 à 260 mg/l et de 15 à 27 mg/l. Ce constat pourrait expliquer le caractère moins moussant et le goût terne souvent remarqués au niveau de l'eau de Dassa et serait lié à la nature géologique des sols traversés.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reservedMots clés: Qualité physico-chimique, eau de boisson, BéninEnglish Title: Study of the physico-chemical quality of drinking water in two localities of Benin: Cotonou and Dassa-ZoumèEnglish AbstractWater, potential source of life, must undergo various physico-chemical analyzes that will define its quality for human consumption in order to avoid the risk of water-borne diseases to consumers. The present study aims to determine the physico-chemical quality of population's drinking water in two cities of Benin: Cotonou and Dassa-Zoume. Three sampling points were identified in each of the two localities for a total of six (06) samples. Nineteen physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on these samples. Some parameters (temperature, pH, turbidity and conductivity) which may be modified during transport were determined "in situ". The results showed that the water consumed by the populations of both localities has a good physicochemical quality. Nevertheless, drinking water of Dassa's populations was more alkaline and harder than that of Cotonou: respectively 390-480 mg/l and 232-260 mg/l for Dassa and then 25-35 mg/l and 15-17 mg/l for Cotonou. This finding may explain the less foaming character and dull taste often noticed in Dassa's water and would be linked to the geological nature of the soils traversed.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reservedKeywords: Physico-chemical quality, drinking water, Benin

Objectif: La presente etude vise a valoriser la pomme cajou, a travers l’etude de la cinetique de conversion de son jus en bioethanol par voie fermentaire. Methodologie et Resultats: Au cours de l’etude, les performances fermentaires des levures Saccharomyces carlsbergensis et de trois souches levuriennes de Saccharomyces cerevisiae , notamment Angel brand super alcohol , Angel super alcohol et Angel brand Thermal-tolerant alcohol dans la production de bioethanol a partir du jus de pomme cajou ont ete testees. Le suivi des parametres cinetiques de fermentation du jus tels que le Brix, le pH, l’acidite et la densite, a montre une grande variabilite de ces parametres au cours du processus de fermentation en presence et en absence de l’uree (CON 2 H 4 ), utilisee comme facteur de croissance. La distillation des mouts en fin de fermentation a permis d’obtenir des taux d’extraction en ethanol (% v/v a 20°C) compris entre (20,48±0,02)% et (51,55±0,01)%. La meilleure performance de bioconversion ethanolique a ete enregistree avec Saccharomyces carlsbergensis et la souche Angel brand thermal-tolerant alcohol , en presence d’uree. Conclusion: Cette etude a montre que ces deux souches peuvent etre utilisees comme des ferments efficaces, dans la perspective d’une production intensive de bioethanol a partir du jus de pomme cajou. Mots-cles: pomme cajou, fermentation, levures, biocarburant, Benin English Title: Evaluation of the fermentative potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. carlsbergensis in the production of bioethanol using cashew apple juice English Abstract Objective: The present study aims to valorize the cashew apple, through the study of the kinetic conversion of its juice for bioethanol production by fermentation process. Methodology and Results: During the study, the yeast fermentation performances of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis and three strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , including Angel brand super alcohol , Angel super alcohol and Angel brand Thermal-tolerant alcohol were tested. Monitoring fermentation kinetic parameters such as Brix, pH, acidity and density, showed a great variability of these parameters during the fermentation process in the presence and absence of urea (CON 2 H 4 ), used as growth factor. Distillation of fermented liquids has yielded ethanol extraction rate (% v/v at 20°C) between (20.48±0.02)% and (51.55±0,01)%. The best ethanolic bioconversion performance was recorded with Saccharomyces carlsbergensis and the strain of Angel brand thermal-tolerant alcohol in the presence of urea. Conclusion: This study showed that both two strains could be used as effective ferments, in the perspective of intensive production of bioethanol using cashew apple juice. Keywords: cashew apple fermentation, yeasts, biofuel, Benin

In order to enhance the medicinal plants of our region and in terms of their impact on health by their profusion substances with antioxidant and radical-scavenging properties, a quantitative comparative study of total phenols and flavonoids, anthocyanidins and flavonoid aglycones as well as scavenger effect the DPPH● seeds of two plants used in breast cancer treatment in Benin was performed. The results, it appears that Garcinia kola is rich in phenolic compounds Cucumeropsis edulis. The ethanol extract of Garcinia kola manifest a higher radical scavenging activity than ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Overall, there is a correlation between anti-radical powers and phenolic contents phytoconstituents (polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins) extracts of the plants studied.