ObjectiveTo review current evidence on left colic artery (LCA) preservation during radical rectal-cancer surgery, covering anatomic rationale, surgical techniques, oncologic safety and functional outcomes.MethodsPubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and CNKI were comprehensively searched for randomized trials, cohort studies and meta-analyses published in the past two decades that compared high-tie inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) ligation with low-tie LCA-preserving procedures. Key end-points included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local recurrence, anastomotic leak, urogenital and bowel function, and peri-operative recovery.ResultsAcross the aggregated literature, five-year OS, DFS, local-recurrence rates and R0 resection rates did not differ significantly between the two ligation strategies. Preserving the LCA consistently reduced clinical anastomotic leaks and was associated with better postoperative urinary, sexual and bowel function, as well as marginally shorter hospital stay and time to gastrointestinal recovery. Pre-operative CTA or MRA accurately delineates IMA-LCA branching patterns and collateral integrity, while intra-operative indocyanine-green fluorescence provides real-time perfusion assessment; emerging artificial-intelligence models show promise in refining both pre-operative planning and intra-operative decision-making.ConclusionsWhen meticulous D3 lymph-node clearance is maintained, LCA preservation delivers oncologic outcomes equivalent to high-tie ligation while offering notable advantages in peri-operative safety and long-term function. Consequently, low-tie LCA-preserving resection should be considered the preferred approach for most low-anterior resections unless specific anatomic or oncologic contraindications exist. Future multicentre randomised trials and AI-assisted studies are warranted to identify high-risk subgroups and optimise patient-specific indications.

Psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and anxiety disorder (AD) are widespread. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used in this study in order to investigate possible causal relationships between psychiatric disorders and breast cancer (BC). We employed publicly accessible summary statistics from extensive genome-wide association studies to identify, perform quality control, and cluster genetic variant loci linked to schizophrenia, ADHD, MDD, ASD, BD, AD, and BC as instrumental variables. The MR analysis utilized inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger regression, and weighted median estimation to assess the causal links between psychiatric disorders and BC. Additionally, heterogeneity and sensitivity tests were conducted to ensure the robustness of inverse variance weighting results. According to the results of the two-sample MR analysis, schizophrenia, BD, MDD, ADHD, ASD are not causally linked to BC. According to the results of the two-sample MR analysis, schizophrenia, BD, MDD, ADHD, ASD are not causally linked to BC. But there is a causal relationship between AD and BC. The MR analysis showed no evidence of a causal relationship between schizophrenia, BD, MDD, ADHD, ASD, and BC risk. However, research found a genetic causal relationship between AD and BC, and it is positively correlated.

Inflammatory biomarkers (including C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], procalcitonin [PCT], and serum amyloid A [SAA]) have been postulated to influence tumorigenesis, yet their causal relevance to breast cancer (BC) remains uncertain. We applied a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to evaluate putative causal relationships between these circulating inflammatory factors and BC risk. Publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics were used to identify, curate, and clump single-nucleotide polymorphisms that robustly trace CRP, IL-6, PCT, and SAA concentrations, which then served as instrumental variables. Causal estimates were generated with inverse-variance weighting, MR-Egger regression, weighted-median, simple-mode, and weighted-mode models. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran Q statistic, horizontal pleiotropy by the MR-Egger intercept, and robustness by leave-one-out as well as funnel-plot inspection. Two-sample MR demonstrated that genetically predicted SAA is positively associated with BC risk (inverse-variance weighting odds ratios = 1.002, 95% confidence interval 1.000-1.003, P = .023), whereas CRP, IL-6, and PCT exhibited no evidence of causal effects on BC in any MR model. Sensitivity analyses showed no substantial heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy, and causal estimates were stable after sequential SNP exclusion. In summary, the present MR study provides genetic evidence that elevated SAA causally increases the risk of developing BC, whereas CRP, IL-6, and PCT do not appear to exert independent causal influences.

Journal of Surgical OncologyVolume 129, Issue 3 p. 665-667 LETTER TO THE EDITOR Prediction of symptomatic anastomotic leak after rectal cancer surgery Feng Xu MD, Feng Xu MD Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXi Yin Yang MD, Xi Yin Yang MD Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Community Health Service Center of Guali Town of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorQiang Hu MD, Corresponding Author Qiang Hu MD [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-0220 Department of general surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Qiang Hu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui RD, Hangzhou 310012, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Feng Xu MD, Feng Xu MD Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXi Yin Yang MD, Xi Yin Yang MD Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Community Health Service Center of Guali Town of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorQiang Hu MD, Corresponding Author Qiang Hu MD [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-0220 Department of general surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Qiang Hu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui RD, Hangzhou 310012, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 06 December 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.27518 Feng Xu and Xi Yin Yang contributed equally to this study. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES 1Shen Y, Huang LB, Lu A, Yang T, Chen HN, Wang Z. Prediction of symptomatic anastomotic leak after rectal cancer surgery: a machine learning approach. J Surg Oncol. 2023. doi:10.1002/jso.27470 10.1002/jso.27549 Web of Science®Google Scholar 2Parthasarathy M, Greensmith M, Bowers D, Groot-Wassink T. Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after colorectal resection: a retrospective analysis of 17 518 patients. Colorectal Dis. 2017; 19: 288-298. 10.1111/codi.13476 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 3Foppa C, Carvello M, Maroli A, et al. Single-stapled anastomosis is associated with a lower anastomotic leak rate than double-stapled technique after minimally invasive total mesorectal excision for MRI-defined low rectal cancer. Surgery. 2023; 173: 1367-1373. 10.1016/j.surg.2023.02.018 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 4Zhang T, Wang G, Fang G, et al. Clinical efficacy of anastomotic reinforcement suture in preventing anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2023; 408: 322. 10.1007/s00423-023-03058-1 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 5Arer Ilker M, Yabanoglu H, Hasbay B. Anastomotic leakage in a patient with acute intestinal obstruction secondary to appendiceal and ileal endometriosis: a case report. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016; 10: PD21-PD22. PubMedGoogle Scholar 6Willis Maria A, Toews I, Soltau Sophia L, Kalff Jörg C, Meerpohl Joerg J, Vilz Tim O. Preoperative combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation for preventing complications in elective colorectal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023; 2:CD014909. CASPubMedGoogle Scholar 7Bekki T, Shimomura M, Adachi T, et al. Predictive factors associated with anastomotic leakage after resection of rectal cancer: a multicenter study with the Hiroshima surgical study group of clinical oncology. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2023; 408: 199. 10.1007/s00423-023-02931-3 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 8Do Woong Choi J, Kwik C, Vivekanandamoorthy N, et al. Is preoperative hypoalbuminemia or hypoproteinemia a reliable marker for anastomotic leakage risk in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery in an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program? Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023; 38: 152. 10.1007/s00384-023-04450-5 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 9Li Z, Zhou Y, Xu L, Xie L. Safety and efficacy of left colic artery preservation in laparoscopic anterior resection for lower rectal cancer. Future Oncol. 2023; 19: 1485-1494. 10.2217/fon-2023-0475 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 10Zheng XC, Su JB, Zheng JJ. Risk assessment of rectal anastomotic leakage (RAREAL) after DIXON in non-emergency patients with rectal cancer. BMC Gastroenterol. 2023; 23: 343. 10.1186/s12876-023-02982-2 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Volume129, Issue3March 2024Pages 665-667 ReferencesRelatedInformation

To determine a rapid and accurate method for locating the keypoint and “keyhole” in the suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach. (1) Twelve adult skull specimens were selected to locate the anatomical landmarks on the external surface of the skull.The line between the infraorbital margin and superior margin of the external acoustic meatus was named the baseline. A coordinate system was established using the baseline and its perpendicular line through the top point of diagastric groove.The perpendicular distance (x), and the horizontal distance (y) between the central point of the “keyhole” and the top point of the digastric groove in that coordinate system were measured. The method was applied to fresh cadaveric specimens and 53 clinical cases to evaluate its application value. (1) x and y were 14.20 ± 2.63 mm and 6.54 ± 1.83 mm, respectively (left) and 14.95 ± 2.53 mm and 6.65 ± 1.61 mm, respectively (right). There was no significant difference between the left and right sides of the skull (P > 0.05). (2) The operative area was satisfactorily exposed in the fresh cadaveric specimens, and no venous sinus injury was observed. (3) In clinical practice, drilling did not cause injury to venous sinuses, the mean diameter of the bone windows was 2.0–2.5 cm, the mean craniotomy time was 26.01 ± 3.46 min, and the transverse and sigmoid sinuses of 47 patients were well-exposed. We propose a “one point, two lines, and two distances” for “keyhole” localization theory, that is we use the baseline between the infraorbital margin and superior margin of the external acoustic meatus and the perpendicular line to the baseline through the top point of the digastric groove to establish a coordinate system. And the drilling point was 14.0 mm above and 6.5 mm behind the top point of the digastric groove in the coordinate system.

Journal of Surgical OncologyEarly View LETTER TO THE EDITOR Computed tomography-based preoperative muscle measurements as prognostic factors for anastomotic leakage following oncological sigmoid and rectal resections Xi Yin Yang MD, Xi Yin Yang MD Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Community Health Service Center of Guali Town of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorQiang Hu MD, Corresponding Author Qiang Hu MD [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-0220 Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Qiang Hu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui RD, Hangzhou 310012, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Xi Yin Yang MD, Xi Yin Yang MD Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Community Health Service Center of Guali Town of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorQiang Hu MD, Corresponding Author Qiang Hu MD [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-0220 Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Qiang Hu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui RD, Hangzhou 310012, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 15 May 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.27286Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES 1van Kooten RT, Ravensbergen CJ, van Büseck SCD, et al. Computed tomography-based preoperative muscle measurements as prognostic factors for anastomotic leakage following oncological sigmoid and rectal resections. J Surg Oncol. 2023; 127: 823- 830. 2Yu L, Chen G, Wang H, et al. MRI diagnose post-operative anastomotic leak in patients with rectal cancer: preliminary experience. BMC Surg. 2022; 22: 422. 3Jasarovic D, Stojanovic D, Mitrovic N, Stevanovic D. Anastomotic leak after colorectal cancer surgery - risk factors in 21thcentury. J BUON. 2020; 25: 2199- 2204. 4Zaharie F, Mocan L, Tomuş C, et al. Risk factors for anastomotic leakage following colorectal resection for cancer. Chirurgia. 2012; 107: 27- 32. 5Chen EB, Nooromid MJ, Helenowski IB, Soper NJ, Halverson AL. The relationship of preoperative versus postoperative hyperglycemia on clinical outcomes after elective colorectal surgery. Surgery. 2019; 166: 655- 662. 6Lin X, Li J, Chen W, et al. Diabetes and risk of anastomotic leakage after gastrointestinal surgery. J Surg Res. 2015; 196: 294- 301. 7Bertelsen CA, Neuenschwander AU, Kleif J. Recurrence after complete mesocolic excision for right-sided colon cancer: post hoc sensitivity analyses—early recurrence, surgery by specialist and dissection in the mesocolic plane. Colorectal Disease. 2021; 23: 1971- 1981. 8Frouws MA, Snijders HS, Malm SH, et al. Clinical relevance of a grading system for anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection: analysis from a national cohort database. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. 2017; 60: 706- 713. 9Liew Amos N, Narasimhan V, Peroo S, et al. Mechanical bowel preparation with pre-operative oral antibiotics in elective colorectal resections: an Australian single institution experience. ANZ J Surg. Published online April 5, 2023. doi:10.1111/ans.18428 10Scarborough JE, Mantyh CR, Sun Z, Migaly J. Combined mechanical and oral antibiotic bowel preparation reduces incisional surgical site infection and anastomotic leak rates after elective colorectal resection: an analysis of colectomy-targeted ACS NSQIP. Ann Surg. 2015; 262: 331- 337. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue ReferencesRelatedInformation

Journal of Surgical OncologyEarly View LETTER TO THE EDITOR Complications of cryoprobe cryoablation as a surgical adjuvant for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma to bone, benign bone tumors, and soft tissue tumors Xing Yu Wang MD, Xing Yu Wang MD Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese Western Medicine, Jiangxi, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXi Yin Yang MD, Xi Yin Yang MD Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Community Health Service Center of Guali Town of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorQiang Hu MD, Corresponding Author Qiang Hu MD [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-0220 Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Qiang Hu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui RD, Hangzhou 310012, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Xing Yu Wang MD, Xing Yu Wang MD Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese Western Medicine, Jiangxi, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorXi Yin Yang MD, Xi Yin Yang MD Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Community Health Service Center of Guali Town of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorQiang Hu MD, Corresponding Author Qiang Hu MD [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-0220 Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China Correspondence Qiang Hu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, 234 Gucui RD, Hangzhou 310012, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 28 September 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.27469Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES 1Gettleman BS, Richardson MK, Ayad M, Christ AB, Menendez LR. Complications of cryoprobe cryoablation as a surgical adjuvant for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma to bone, benign bone tumors, and soft tissue tumors: a series of 148 patients. J Surg Oncol. 2023. doi:10.1002/jso.27402 2Malkoc A, Landau MJ, Hodgkin S, Leong DSM, Johna SD, Chang WTY. Supercharged deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for reconstruction of soft tissue defect after excision of giant invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the thigh in a refractory diabetic with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Microsurgery. 2023. doi:10.1002/micr.31110 3Kavak M, Celiksoz AH, Tokmak B, Inan U. Analysis of predictive factors for post-traumatic osteoarthritis and poor outcomes in acetabular fractures treated surgically. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2023; 57: 141-147. 4Cheng J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Asadi K, Farzan R. Prevalence of surgical site infection and risk factors in patients after foot and ankle surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Wound J. 2023. doi:10.1111/iwj.14350 5Jun Xu, Weiling Chen, Lu He, Shuhong Feng, Jinghang Zhang, Bai Chang. Most postoperative reserved “normal” metatarsal stumps of diabetic foot osteomyelitis are infected but have healing potential. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023; 14:1165305. 6Raad M, Van Cauter M, Detrembleur C, Cornu O, Vandemeulebroecke G. Survey regarding prevention of surgical site infection after orthopaedic surgery in Belgium: are we on the right track? Acta Orthop Belg. 2022; 88: 645-654. 7Thomas NP, Liu C, Varady N, Iban YC, Schwab PE, Chen AF. High complication rate associated with arthroscopic lysis of adhesions versus manipulation under anesthesia for arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2023; 31: e216-e225. 8Bensaid S, Contejean A, Morand P, et al. Surgical site infection after pelvic bone and soft tissue sarcoma resection: risk factors, microbiology, and impact of extended postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. J Surg Oncol. 2023; 128: 344-349. 9Alexiou VG, Michalopoulos A, Makris GC, Peppas G, Samonis G, Falagas ME. Multi-drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infection in surgical patients hospitalized in the ICU: a cohort study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012; 31: 557-566. 10Marzoug Omer A, Ahmed Anees, Malik Elfatih M. Assessment of risk factors associated with surgical site infection following abdominal surgery: a systematic review. BMJ Surg Interv Health Technol. 2023; 5:e000182. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue ReferencesRelatedInformation