Objective:To investigate hospital acquired infection (HAI) in hospitalized patients who were mainly treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) during the period when the whole society and the hospital were in level one public health emergency response to COVID-19.Methods:The HAI incidence and infectious pathogen test results of 138 patients (the observation group) who were given HBO therapy in Nanjing Zijin Hospital in February 2020, the period of level one public health emergency response to COVID-19, were collected, and they were analyzed in year-on-year comparison with the corresponding data of the 133 patients (the control group I) admitted to the hospital in February 2019, and in month-on-month comparison with the corresponding data of the 213 patients (the control group II) admitted to the hospital in December 2019.Results:The HAI incidence of the observation group (10.87%) was about 5% lower than that (15.04%) in the control group I and that (15.02%) in the control group II, but there was no statistical difference ( χ2=1.43, P=0.49). The pathogens detected in the observation group were pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, and serratia marcescens, which were less than those detected in the control group II. Conclusion:Strict social isolation and ward infection control measures can effectively reduce HAI incidence in patients given HBO therapy, but the reliability of such measures needs further demonstration by multi-center and large-sample data.

患者 男,16岁,无明显诱因高热5 d,体温39.8 ℃,持续不退,咳嗽,咯痰,痰液为白色,近2 d来出现腹泻,2～3 次/d,伴恶心、呕吐,呕吐物为胃内容物,伴小便发黄,口渴;在家药物治疗无效而就诊。