Objective To explore difference in public health utilization between the migrating population and the local residents as well as the influencing factors so as to adjust the public health service in the local area.Methods Questionnaire survey was made on public health utilization among 1 790 residents who are over 30 years old living in Juquan Xincheng community of Shanghai.Results Of all the 1790 respondents,884 were migrating population and 906 were local residents.71.91% of the repondents had received community health service,migrating ones accounting for 68.44% of the migrating population and local ones accounting for 75.10%.55.87% of the people would like to receive community health service,migrating ones accounting for 52.49% and local ones 59.16%.As for the patients who were hospitalized in grade AA hospitals,migrating ones accounted for 49.32% and local ones 43.66% while 31.76% of the migrating population and 36.62% of the local residents were hospitalized in other health service centers.27.86% of the migrating population and 59.27% of the local residents were willing to be hospitalized in grade AA hospitals.Conclusions Local residents make better use of community health service while migrating population's utilization of community health service is to be improved.It is necessary to persuade and encourage migrating population to consult medical help in community health centers so as to promote the utilization of community health service.