压力性损伤(pressure injury,PI)的发病率为9.2％～15.5％[1],这不仅需要花费高额的医疗费用,还会影响患者原发疾病的恢复、降低患者生存质量、延长住院时间、提高病死率和出院30d内再住院率,甚至引起医疗纠纷[2].2017年中国医院协会发布的《患者安全目标》中明确提出对评估为PI的高风险的患者,应采取有效的预防措施[3].目前对于护士 PI预防能力的培训大多采用单纯"理论式"培训,缺乏互动及实践能力培训,存在与临床实际情景存在差异的问题,导致护士在实际工作中难以准确的识别并处理患者PI的风险[4].案例培训模式(case training model,CTM)以案例为核心,理论与实践相结合,是一种能够提高被培训者临床逻辑思维和推理判断能力的教学方法[5].同时,多元化培训模式,即采用理论授课、临床学习、比赛等形式相结合的培训教育,激发被培训者的学习兴趣,提高学习效果[6].在此背景下,我院探索性采取CTM与多元化培训相结合的模式,即以案例为切入点,多元化分析、分享的方式,对临床护士开展预防PI评估和处理的培训,引导临床护士及时、准确地掌握PI预防的相关内容,已有效地应用于临床工作.

ObjectiveTo extract,integrate and analyze health education recommendations of clinical practice guidelines for enterostomy abroad.MethodsClinical practice guidelines for enterostomy abroad were searched and evaluated.And health education recommendations in A⁃level guidelines were extracted and integrated.Experts were invited to evaluate the rationality of the health education recommendations and analyze the content of the integrated health education recommendations.ResultsA total of 5 enterostomy clinical practice guidelines were included.Those guidelines were prepared by foreign researchers and quality level were A.Then,70 recommendations were extracted,66 health education recommendations were included,33 health education recommendations were integrated.ConclusionsContent of health education for patients with enterostomy in foreign countries is relatively comprehensive,and the quality of evidence is relatively higher.Those recommendations have certain reference value for the practice of health education for patients with enterostomy in China.