This study systematically investigated the regulatory mechanism of hydrophilic group structure on the performance of amino acid surfactants, addressing the challenge of poor wettability in coal dust. By comparing glycinetype (monoamino) and lysine-type (dianamino) surfactants, it was found that lysine-type surfactants exhibited superior comprehensive properties: Their critical micelle concentration decreased to 120 mg/L, surface tension reached a minimum of 20.5 mN/m, contact angle on coal surfaces was 30.1 degrees , and penetration depth within 10 min reached 3.5 cm - all significantly outperforming glycine-type surfactants. Mechanistic studies revealed that lysine-type surfactants achieve 'electrostatic bridging' and 'multiple weak bond synergistic' hydration mechanisms through strong electrostatic interactions between their cationic head groups and the coal surface. This not only effectively neutralises interfacial charges (with a significant positive shift in zeta potential) but also forms a dense hydration layer (90 hydrogen bonds) and enables deep interfacial penetration (distribution width of 17.36 & Aring;). This research provides novel insights and theoretical foundations for developing green, efficient coal dust suppressants.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a type of soft tissue sarcoma that commonly occurs in the trunk, limbs, and head and neck regions, but rarely in the pelvic area. Nearly half of MPNST cases are secondary to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). This case report discusses a 29-year-old woman diagnosed with NF1 and pseudohermaphroditism, who presented with a large mass in the rectovaginal septum. Several years prior, a biopsy had identified the mass as a ganglioneuroma (GN). The mass was surgically removed via a vaginal approach, and postoperative pathology confirmed MPNST arising from NF1. In addition, this report provides a brief review of the relevant literature.

Low-quality coal slurry contains high ash content, tiny particle size, and the complexity of pulsing mineral species, as well as slurry surface qualities that are prone to slurry cover, uneven agent dispersion, and a low chance of bubble collision of flotation particles in its flotation. The slurry mixing and flotation tests, piv analysis and CFD simulation are used to determine the change rule of the slurry flow field under liquid jet-assisted stirring and the flotation indices after adjustment. It is demonstrated that under appropriate conditions (stirring speed: 1500 r/min; collector dosage: 1000 g/t; jet flow rate: 1.0 L/min), liquid jet-assisted stirring and slurry modification can increase flotation concentrate yield by 6.74% points and flammable body recovery by 7.84% points. The simulation results show that at a liquid flow rate of 0.087 m/s, the gas content in the tank under liquid jet-assisted stirring increased by 6.1%, and the formation, rupture, and aggregation of a large number of tiny bubbles altered the flow field distribution and turbulence energy value in the stirring tank, as well as increasing radial and axial velocities. Liquid jet-assisted slurry conditioning can increase the collision probability between components within the slurry and improve the hydrophobicity of the surface of the coal samples, improving the flotation separation index of coal slurry. The experimental results are of great significance for the optimization of slurry pretreatment and slurry conditioning equipment structure in the separation of complex and difficult-to-select coal slurry.

BackgroundVascular invasion is a hallmark of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS), typically presenting a tumor thrombus within the parametrial vessels. However, extension of tumor thrombus into major vessels such as pulmonary artery is extremely rare. This case report presents an unusual manifestation of LG-ESS with intravascular tumor thrombi extending to the pelvic venous and pulmonary artery, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and clinical implications of vascular involvement.Case presentationA 42-year-old female presented with prolonged menstruation. Imaging examination initially suggested multiple uterine fibroids, and hysteroscopic resection of a polypoid lesion revealed stromal hyperplasia, raising suspicion of an endometrial stromal nodule. One year later, the patient developed a pulmonary embolism and imaging showed disease progression. A hysteroscopic biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of LG-ESS. She subsequently underwent total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) and venous thrombectomy. Histopathological examination revealed LG-ESS with deep myometrial invasion and extensive intravascular tumor thrombus extending into the pelvic veins. The pathological stage was pIIA(FIGO). Postoperative chemotherapy with liposomal doxorubicin was administered, and follow-up pulmonary computed tomography angiography showed resolution of the emboli. No recurrence was noted at the six-month follow-up.ConclusionsThis case highlights the diagnostic complexity of LG-ESS due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and imaging findings, especially in early stages. Rare vascular involvement, including pulmonary artery tumor embolism, poses a risk of misdiagnosis and highlights the importance of thorough histopathological evaluation. Early hysteroscopic intervention, accurate pathological assessment, and individualized adjuvant therapy are critical for optimizing outcomes in patients with LG-ESS exhibiting vascular extension. Informed consent for publication was obtained from the patient.

PURPOSE:To investigate the safety and efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of postpartum placenta increta and to analyze the influencing factors of intraoperative blood loss and curettage times. METHODS:From January 2016 to December 2018, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 160 patients with placenta increta treated by HIFU combined with (or without) curettage in our hospital. Intraoperative blood loss and the number of curettage procedures were recorded. The clinical outcomes and the influencing factors of bleeding and the number of curettage procedures were analyzed. RESULTS:No serious complications occurred during HIFU treatment. The median volume of blood loss during suction curettage was 20 ml (range: 5-600 ml). Blood loss was significantly higher in patients with a large placental diameter (p = 0.007). The risk of requiring multiple curettage procedures was significantly higher in patients with a large placental diameter (p = 0.023). The interval time between HIFU and suction curettage was identified as a protective factor, a longer interval was associated with fewer curettage procedures (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION:Based on the results of our large-sample study, HIFU appears to be safe and effective in the treatment of postpartum placenta increta. Blood loss volume is associated with the largest diameter of the placenta. The risk of requiring multiple curettage procedures is related to the largest diameter of the placenta, While the interval time between HIFU and suction curettage is a protective factor for reducing curettage times.

Uterine arteriovenous fistula (UAVF) is an abnormal connection formed between the branches of the uterine artery and the venous plexus, accounting for 1%-2% of all reproductive system and abdominal bleeding. In recent years, the incidence has been gradually increasing due to acquired causes such as uterine surgery and pregnancy. The common clinical symptom is painless and irregular vaginal bleeding, which can lead to hemorrhagic shock. There is no standardized and unified treatment for UAVF. At present, uterine artery embolization (UAE) is considered the first-choice treatment for UAVF in clinical practice, but it is prone to treatment failure due to various potential complications. HIFU, as a noninvasive treatment, is currently used in a limited number of cases for the treatment of UAVF, and a few literature reports have shown clinical effects after high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment. This paper reports a case that HIFU was successfully used to treat UAVF after the failure of UAE, and the patient successfully became pregnant, indicating that HIFU can be used as an alternative after the failure of UAE treatment for UAVF, without affecting subsequent pregnancy.

Optical imaging and phototherapy in deep tissues face notable challenges due to light scattering. We use encoded acoustic holograms to generate three-dimensional acoustic fields within the target medium, enabling instantaneous and robust modulation of the volumetric refractive index, thereby noninvasively controlling the trajectory of light. Through this approach, we achieved a remarkable 24.3% increase in tissue heating rate in vitro photothermal effect tests on porcine skin. In vivo photoacoustic imaging of mouse brain vasculature exhibits an improved signal-to-noise ratio through the intact scalp and skull. These findings demonstrate that our strategy can effectively suppress light scattering in complex biological tissues by inducing low-angle scattering, achieving an effective depth reaching the millimeter scale. The versatility of this strategy extends its potential applications to neuroscience, lithography, and additive manufacturing.

ObjectiveThe aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the short-term and long-term efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy for abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) and explore its potential influencing factors.Materials and methodsA total of 80 patients with AWE who underwent HIFU therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-ups were also conducted to evaluate the changes in lesion size and pain relief. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate factors influencing HIFU therapy for AWE.ResultsAmong the 80 patients with AWE who received HIFU therapy, the effective rates were 76.3%, 80.5%, and 90.5% after 3, 12 and 24 months of follow-up, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the AWE lesion diameter and sonication intensity had statistically significant effects on the 3-month and 12-month efficacy of HIFU therapy for AWE, while age, BMI, disease duration, average sonication power and grey-scale changes did not have statistically significant effects. Four patients with AWE experienced recurrence after HIFU therapy, for a three-year cumulative recurrence rate of 6.3%. Furthermore, ten patients required reintervention after treatment, for a five-year cumulative reintervention rate of 13.9%.ConclusionsThis study further confirmed the safety and effectiveness of HIFU therapy for AWE. Factors such as AWE lesion diameter and sonication intensity have been identified as key influencers affecting the short-term and long-term efficacy of HIFU therapy for AWE. The first two years following HIFU therapy constitute crucial periods for observation, and judiciously extending follow-up intervals during this timeframe is advised.

Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for infections in various mucosal tissues, including the eyes, urogenital, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts. Chronic infections can result in severe consequences such as blindness, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. The underlying mechanisms leading to these diseases involve sustained inflammatory responses, yet thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms remains elusive. Chlamydial biologists employ in multiple methods, integrating biochemistry, cell biology, and genetic tools to identify bacterial factors crucial for host cell interactions. While numerous animal models exist to study chlamydial pathogenesis and assess vaccine efficacy, selecting appropriate models for biologically and clinically relevant insights remains a challenge. Genital infection models in animals have been pivotal in unraveling host-microbe dynamics, identifying potential chlamydial virulence factors influencing genital pathogenicity. However, the transferability of this knowledge to human pathogenic mechanisms remains uncertain. Many putative virulence factors lack assessment in optimal animal tissue microenvironments, despite the diverse chlamydial infection models available. Given the propensity of genital Chlamydia to spread to the gastrointestinal tract, investigations into the pathogenicity and immunological impact of gut Chlamydia become imperative. Notably, the gut emerges as a promising site for both chlamydial infection vaccination and pathogenesis. This review elucidates the pathogenesis of Chlamydia infections and delineates unique features of prevalent animal model systems. The primary focus of this review is to consolidate and summarize current animal models utilized in Chlamydia researches, presenting findings, discussions on their contributions, and suggesting potential directions for further studies.

INTRODUCTION:To explore the role of IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling in tubal infertility. METHODS:The fimbriae tissues of 14 patients with a history of infertility and hydrosalpinx and 14 patients with no history of infertility and no fallopian tube disease were collected. The tissues were then divided into hydrosalpinx group and control group followed by analysis of the protein expression of key factors in the IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS:Immunohistochemical staining showed significantly higher level of IL-6, JAK1, p-JAK1, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT1, p-STAT1, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in hydrosalpinx group than those in control group with IL-6 being mainly located in the cytoplasm and p-JAK2, STAT1, p-STAT1, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in the cytoplasm and nucleus. JAK1 and p-JAK1 was mainly located in the cytoplasm and JAK2 is in the cytoplasm and nucleus without difference of their expression between two groups. Consistently, hydrosalpinx group presented significantly higher protein levels of IL-6, JAK1, p-JAK1, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT1, p-STAT1, STAT3, and p-STAT3 than control group without difference of JAK1, p-JAK1, JAK2 level. CONCLUSION:The activation of IL-6/JAK2/STAT1 and STAT3 signaling pathways are found in the hydrosalpinx in infertile patients, indicating that they might be involved in the pathogenesis of hydrosalpinx.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) combined with hysteroscopy-guided suction curettage (HGSC) in treating cervical pregnancy. Materials and methods This is a retrospective study. Seven patients with cervical pregnancy who visited the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2015 to December 2020 were enrolled in the current study. All seven patients were treated with HIFU under conscious sedation. All of them underwent HGSC at an average of 2 ± 1 days (range: 1–3 days) after HIFU. Before the therapy, the patient's clinical characteristics were collected, including duration of amenorrhea, gravidity and parity, the patient history of cesarean section and miscarriage, and the size of the gestational sac. The levels of β-hCG and hemoglobin in serum were also reviewed. To assess the clinical outcomes of this combined treatment, the suction time of HGSC, bleeding volume, the clearance time of β-hCG, and the time with returning of menstruation were evaluated. Results All seven patients (average age: 31 ± 6 years) have experienced amenorrhea (duration range, 48 ± 8 days) before the treatment of HIFU. The average number of pregnancies was four, and the number of deliveries was one. Previous medical history showed six patients had cesarean sections, and five patients have been miscarriages. After HIFU treatment, the fetal heartbeats were stopped in all seven patients based on the diagnosis by doppler ultrasound. The bleeding of gestational tissue decreased significantly. All patients had only mild lower abdominal pain, no fever, intestinal damage, or other complications were reported. The average operation time of operative suction curettage was 21 ± 9 min (range: 9–32 min), and the median bleeding volume was 10 ± 8 mL (range: 2–20 mL). Follow-up observations showed that the menstruations were returned in patients at an average of 38 ± 9 days (range: 30–50 days) after the treatment. The β-hCG decreased from 41773 ± 32242 mIU/mL to 13101 ± 8454 mIU/mL in 29 ± 10 days after surgery. Conclusion Based on these results with small subjects, we concluded that HIFU combined with HGSC might be an effective and safe treatment for patients with cervical pregnancy.

Abstract Objective Adenomyosis is characterized by the presence of endometrium or endometrium‐like glands and stroma within the myometrium. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the cGAS–STING pathway was activated and correlated with clinical outcomes in adenomyosis patients. Materials and Methods Twenty patients diagnosed with adenomyosis and 10 patients diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN‐3) but no adenomyosis were enrolled in this study. Specimens were collected during surgery from August 2017 to December 2017 at Third Xiangya Hospital. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of key cGAS–STING pathway factors in uterine tissue were detected by real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The correlations of gene expression and clinical outcomes, including dysmenorrhea and uterine volume, were analyzed. Results The cGAS, STING, TANK‐binding kinase 1 (TBK‐1), interferon‐α (IFN‐α), IFN‐β, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) mRNA and protein levels in the ectopic endometrial tissue from adenomyosis patients were significantly higher compared with that from the controls in endometrium (p < .05). cGAS and STING gene expression were correlated with TBK‐1, IFN‐β, and TNF‐α expression (p < .05). Importantly, TBK‐1 and TNF‐α expression were correlated with the clinical outcome of dysmenorrhea (p < .05). Conclusion Our study reveals that the cGAS–STING pathway is activated in adenomyosis patients and its activation is subsequently correlated with clinical outcomes, which suggests that the cGAS–STING pathway may contribute to adenomyosis pathogenesis.

In this study, we present a case of 65-year-old male patient with suspected Sjögren's syndrome-related interstitial lung disease (SS-ILD) with initial symptoms of limb edema and acute respiratory failure. He was treated with immunosuppressor, respiratory support, dialysis, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory medications. However, no significant response was shown to anti-fibrotic treatments and his respiratory function deteriorated. Double lung transplantation was thus indicated considering the irreversible interstitial changes in both lungs. The surgical procedure was complicated, and the role of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for this critical patient was discussed. The patient experienced hemorrhage, pulmonary infection, and peripheral neuropathy after surgery, but he was cured by the multidisciplinary team. He had a satisfactory quality of life at 1-year follow-up. This case report describes the details of double lung transplantation in a patient with advanced SS-ILD. Important considerations include the indications for and timing of transplantation, the effects of long-term immunosuppression on wound healing, and extrapulmonary organ dysfunction. Based on a review of the published literature and a consideration of the short-term outcomes, lung transplantation for this individual with an autoimmune disease appears to be safe and feasible. SS-ILD should not be a contraindication to transplantation; however, patients with advanced pulmonary involvement should be carefully selected after a multidisciplinary evaluation. More long-term follow-up and further comparative studies are needed in the future.

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the treatment effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and laparoscopic excision (LE) in patients with adenomyosis and infertility.Materials and methods A total of 93 patients with adenomyosis and infertility who were treated with HIFU (50 patients) or LE (43 patients) from January 2012 to January 2017 at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics including dysmenorrhea severity pain score, menorrhagia severity scores, reproductive outcomes, complications during pregnancy and delivery, adverse effects, surgical complications, and other clinical variables were compared between the HIFU and LE groups.Results Of the total 93 patients with adenomyosis and infertility, 50 were treated with HIFU and 43 underwent LE. Both HIFU and LE treatments achieved significant relief of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia. The total hospital stay was shorter in patients treated with HIFU than in those who underwent LE surgery. Neither HIFU nor LE treatment led to severe complications after treatment. Most importantly, patients treated with HIFU showed significantly higher pregnancy rates and natural conception rates than those who underwent LE surgery. Notably, in the HIFU treatment group, those with diffuse adenomyotic lesions had significantly lower postoperative pregnancy rates than those with focal adenomyosis.Conclusion HIFU showed a safe and effective profile as a therapeutic management option for patients with adenomyosis. In comparison with LE, HIFU treatment achieved better postoperative reproductive outcomes. HIFU treatment should be encouraged and implemented in clinical practice.

Background: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the most popular form of contraception used worldwide; however, IUD is not risk-free. IUD migrations, especially uterine perforations, were frequently occurred in patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and intraoperative findings in patients with migrated IUDs. Results: 29 cases of uterine perforation associated with migrated IUDs and 69 control patients were followed between January 2008 to March 2015. Patients who used IUDs within first 6 months from the last delivery experienced a characteristically high rate of the perforation of the uterine wall. A significantly larger number of IUD insertion associated with uterine perforation were performed in rural hospitals or operated at a lower level health care system. There was no clear difference in the age and presented symptoms in patients between two groups. Majority of contraceptive intrauterine devices was the copper-releasing IUDs. Furthermore, patients who used V-shaped IUD showed significantly higher incidence of pelvic adhesions when compared with the users of O-shaped IUDs. Conclusions: Unique clinical characteristics of IUD migration were identified in patients with uterine perforation. Hysteroscopy and/or laparoscopy were the effective approaches to remove the migrated IUDs. Improving operating skills is required at the lower level of health care system.

This study reported a case of hereditary spherocytosis patient presented hemolytic anemia during the chemotherapy of choriocarcinoma. A female patient aged 28 years old, gestation 5 times and pregnancy twice by cesarean section (G5P2), and admitted because of 5 months of postpartum vaginal bleeding. She was diagnosed as choriocarcinoma based on pathology and received uterine curettage. After surgery, she received etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, vincristine (EMA-CO) chemotherapy and resulted in severe anemia. Peripheral blood smear examination demonstrated a hereditary spherocytosis. EMA-CO chemotherapy was continued after blood transfusion, combined with.-globulin intravenous injection, and prednisone treatment. Blood beta-HCG did not decreased as expected, but elevated at the beginning of the third circle of chemotherapy, however, pelvic MRI presented unshrinking lesion. Thus, it was considered that EMA-CO resistance, and the patient underwent laparoscopy hysterectomy. Then she continued receiving EMA-CO chemotherapy postoperatively and the blood beta-HCG back to normal. Comprehensive monitoring the state of illness is crucial for chemotherapy, which may induce severe complications. Rational and individualized treatment can improve the clinical effect and avoid drug resistance.

Intra-uterine pregnancy coexisting with cervical pregnancy (heterotopic pregnancy) is a rare condition and its management is challenging because of the massive bleeding associated with cervical pregnancy. Uterine artery embolization followed by hysteroscopic removal of cervical and intra-uterine products of conception can theoretically prevent massive bleeding and provide a direct view during the removal. Hysteroscopic management following uterine artery embolization of heterotopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is rarely reported.

Recent breakthroughs in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have shaped the landscape of the therapeutic strategies for patients with advanced melanoma. High initial response rate and clear impact on overall survival obtained from targeted therapies (e.g., BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and dabrafenib) are unfortunately shadowed by high rate of drug resistance. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are attractive therapeutic targets for various therapy-resistant tumors, the association between miRNA and BRAF inhibitor resistant melanoma remains to be elucidated. Here, we used microarray analysis to comprehensively study the miRNA expression profiling of vemurafenib resistant A375 melanoma cells (VemR A375) in relation to parental A375 melanoma cells. MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) was identified to be the most significantly down-regulated miRNA in VemR A375 melanoma cells and reestablishment of miR-7 expression could reverse the resistance to vemurafenib. In addition, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and CRAF have been found to be over-expressed in VemR A375 melanoma cells. Introduction of miR-7 mimics could markedly down-regulate the expressions of EGFR, IGF-1R and CRAF and further suppressed the activation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathway in VemR A375 melanoma cells. Furthermore, tumor growth was significantly inhibited in an in vivo murine VemR A375 melanoma tumor model transfected with miR-7 mimics. Altogether, our study provides a comprehensive validation that miR-7 reverses VemR melanoma cells to BRAF inhibitors via suppressing the over-expression of EGFR, IGF-1R and CRAF and further inhibiting the hyper-activation of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Thus, our findings suggest that miR-7 could be a potential therapeutic target for patients with BRAF inhibitor resistant melanoma.

International Journal of Gynecology & ObstetricsVolume 109, Issue 3 p. 247-248 Brief communications Uterine diverticulum complicating pregnancy diagnosed by ultrasound and uteroscopy Xin Sun, Xin Sun Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorMin Xue, Min Xue Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorSongshu Xiao, Corresponding Author Songshu Xiao xiaosquirrel@21cn.com Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaCorresponding author. Tel.: +86 137 8741 2954; fax: +86 731 8892 1910.Search for more papers by this authorYajun Wan, Yajun Wan Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorBinbin Wang, Binbin Wang Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author Xin Sun, Xin Sun Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorMin Xue, Min Xue Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorSongshu Xiao, Corresponding Author Songshu Xiao xiaosquirrel@21cn.com Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaCorresponding author. Tel.: +86 137 8741 2954; fax: +86 731 8892 1910.Search for more papers by this authorYajun Wan, Yajun Wan Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorBinbin Wang, Binbin Wang Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 02 March 2010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.01.013Citations: 6Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume109, Issue3June 2010Pages 247-248 RelatedInformation