Objective To evaluate the effect of lumbar multifidus muscle training on muscle thickness.Methods The morphological changes in volunteers' lumbar multifidus muscles were observed in response to 11 kinds of training.Muscle thickness was measured at rest and during contraction using ultrasonography and two examiners.The rate of change in muscle thickness and the contraction rate were calculated.Results There was no significant difference in the contraction rates determined by the two examiners using ultrasound imaging.There was no significant difference in average contraction rate between the males and females.Pairwise,there was no significant difference among contralateral leg-raising,ipsilateral leg-raising,contralateral hand-raising,ipsilateral hand-raising and contralateral leg-lifting.Pairwise,there was no significant difference among ipsilateral leg-lifting and ipsilateral arm-lifting compared with contralateral leg-lifting,contralateral arm-lifting or contralaleral lower limb-lifting.There was no significant difference between contralateral arm-lifting and ipsilateral arm-lifting.There was no significant difference between ipsilateral arm-lifting with contralateral leg-lifting and contralateral arm-lifting with ipsilateral leg-lifting.Pairwise,there was a significant difference in lumbar multifidus muscle contraction rates among these actions.Conclusion Lumbar multifidus muscle training has various effects.Muscle thickness as measured using ultrasonography can provide a basis for formulating a rehabilitation training plan.

Objective To evaluate the reliability of measuring multidus muscles with ultrasonography in different postures in rehabilitative ultrasound imaging.Methods The thickness of bilateral lumbar multifidus muscles was measured using ultrasonography by two examiners in 20 healthy volunteers at rest and 5 contraction states.The thinckness variation of multifidus muscles was compared.Results The results measured by two examiners were similar with high reliability(P>0.05).Among 6 postures,the thinckness variation was the greatest in "superman" posture [(25.75±7.46)%] and was the least in the posture of liftting the limbs up on the same side(P<0.05).Conclusion Ultrasonography shows good reliability in measuring the multifidus muscles.

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与Ghrelin的关系,研究Hp感染对功能性消化不良患者血浆Ghrelin的影响.方法:功能性消化不良组40例患者,对照组20例为健康者.进行临床症状评分,Hp检测,以实时B超检测胃半排空时间(GET1/2),酶联免疫吸附法检测血浆酰基化ghrelin水平,并分析Hp感染对血浆酰基化ghrelin水平、临床症状评分和GET1/2的影响.结果:(1)临床症状评分:功能性消化不良患者均≥6分,其中Hp阳性者为11.2±4.5分,Hp阴性者为10.3±4.3分,两者比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).健康对照者评分为2.8±1.2,显著低于FD组(P＜0.05).(2)胃排空功能检测(GET1/2):功能性消化不良组为48.8±14.0 min,对照组为35.9±4.7 min,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).功能性消化不良组Hp阳性为50.3±12.0 min,Hp阴性为46.9±16.2 min,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)血浆酰基化ghrelin水平比较:功能性消化不良组中,Hp阳性者为18.2±3.5 ng/mL,Hp阴性者为19.5±6.9ngmL,两者比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).但功能性消化不良组18.8±5.3 ng/mL高于对照组16.2±2.9 ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:Hp感染对功能性消化不良患者血浆酰基化Ghrelin水平无影响；功能性消化不良患者血浆酰基化Ghrelin水平高于正常.

Background:ghrelin has been confirmed to play a role in accelerating gastrointestinal motility,and disorder of gastrointestinal motility is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia(FD).However,there are only few clinical studies on the relationship between ghrelin and FD.Aims:To investigate the alteration of plasma ghrelin and its relationship with clinical symptoms and gastric emptying in patients with FD.Methods:Forty FD patients including 25 postprandial distress syndrome(PDS)and 15 epigastric pain syndrome(EPS)were enrolled in the study. Twenty healthy subjects were served as controls.Clinical symptom score was assessed and gastric emptying half-time (GET_(1/2))was determined by real-time B-ultrasound.Plasma acylated ghrelin level was measured by ELISA and its relationship with clinical symptom score and GET_(1/2)was analyzed.Results:Compared with controls,GET_(1/2)and level of plasma acylated ghrelin were significantly increased in PDS patients(P<0.05),however,no significant difference was observed between EPS patients and controls(P>0.05).Symptom score of postprandial fullness and early satiety in FD patients was positively correlated with GET_(1/2)(r=0.33.P=0.04),but was not correlated with plasma acylated ghrelin level. No correlation was found between plasma acylated ghrelin level and score of clinical symptoms in both PDS and EPS patients.Plasma acylated ghrelin level was positively correlated with GET_(1/2)in patients with PDS(r=0.43,P=0.033),but no significant correlation was found in EPS patients.Conclusions:Plasma acylated ghrelin level is significantly increased in PDS patients and is positively correlated with gastric emptying,which suggests that ghrelin may play some roles in the pathogenesis of FD.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of an ultrasonography-based method to examine quadriceps femoris contracting.MethodsThe thickness of bilateral rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI) and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of RF was measured in 10 healthy subjects (n=20) in a relaxed position and 3 isometric contraction states using ultrasonography by two examiners.The date was compared with paired t test.Half of these subjects (n=10) were also measured with MRI at rest.The date was also compared with paired t test.ResultsThere was no significant difference between MRI and static compound ultrasonography,nor between two examiners.There was a significant difference (P0.05) in thickness of RF and VI between relaxed and isometric contraction conditions.There was no significant difference among isometric contraction conditions.There was no significant difference among measurements of RF-CSA.Conclusionultrasonography shows good validity and reliability in measuring quadriceps shape.

Objective:To investigate the use of tissue harmonic imaging(THI)in the diagnosis of hepatobilitary disease. Methods:Seventy-eight patients from 2003 to 2007 with dissatisfactory routine ultrasound imaging were assigned into this stud- y.The results of fundamental imaging(FI)and THI measurement of these patients were analyzed.Results:The grey compari- son was augmented;the intra structure of the organs and the border echo were improved,and the entity tumors were more clearly showed in THI compared with FI.Conclusion:THI could significantly improve the quality of the imaging and two-di- mension diagnosing rate,and show higher clinical value in the diagnosis of hepatobilitary diseases.

应用超声技术诊断肾脏疾病已经较为广泛.肾脏肿瘤的检出率也有了很大的提高.我们对1995年6月～2005年6月门诊及参加健康人群体检中发现的肾脏肿瘤,经手术治疗病理证实的56例无症状肾癌病例作一回顾性分析,探讨超声诊断小肾癌的临床应用价值.

Purpose:To evaluate the value of transrectal color Doppler in benign prostatic hyperlasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. Method: 18 normal subjects, 53 BPH and 14 prostate cancer cases were studied by transrectal color Doppler flow image (CDFI).Results:CDFI reveals a marked increase in blood flow of BPH and prostate cancer. In BPH, the flow signals mostly occurrd in the inner or central gland, and it was symmetric without an obvious focus. In prostate cancer, it was depicted with obviously abnormal flow within and around the cancer lesion or hypoechoic nodule. But there were no statistically significant differences in the resistive indexes between BPH and prostate caner.Conclusion:Transrectal color Doppler scanning could delineate lesions that difficult to see at gray-scale scanning, which had a little additional value over gray-scale scanning alone in diagnosis of prostatic disease.