界牌岭矿区位于湘南粤北海西—印支凹陷与赣湘后加里东隆起的接触带,圳口—瑶岗仙大断裂的西侧,南岭成矿带中段瑶岗仙钨锡铅锌多金属矿田的西南部,成矿地质条件优越,区内矿床由浅部特大型矿石矿床和深部锡多金属矿床两部分组成.本文通过区内成矿地质条件、矿体特征、成矿机理等方面的综合研究,推断矿区深部可能有更晚期的岩体,在晚期的岩体顶部可能存在以矽卡岩型钨锡多金属矿床为主的第二矿化富集区,并初步分析了深部找矿潜力,提出了具有找矿前景的区域,指明了找矿方向.

Based on previous survey and detailed study, the authors focused on the characteristics of the ore-bearing quartz veins and investigated the multistage magmatic activities and mineralization. Besides, the horizontal zoning of metal element and vertical zoning of W-Mo deposit were also summarized. The Gao’aobei deposit belongs to a veinlets-zone type W-Mo deposit that formed at Early Yanshanian period. The W-Mo deposit is characterized by 0.5-5 cm W-Mo-bearing veinlets or micro-veinlets, filling into the upper parts of Indosinian biotite monzogranite, and is covered by the hornfels of Xiangnan Formation in Cambrian, with complete metallogenic system. The quartz veins are distributed in all directions, and the optimum attitude is NWW strike and NNE dip. The main W-Mo orebody is continuous, with a feature of low grade and large tonnage. The main ore minerals are wolframite and molybdenite, with a vertical zoning developed as upper tungsten and lower molybdenum. The discovery of this large-scale veinlets-zone type W-Mo deposit is of great significance to prospecting the same deposits in future in Hunan Province.

土壤氮在植物生长、土壤理化性质和微生物活动中扮演着重要的角色.为了识别盐渍化地区非饱和带氮的迁移过程，以河套灌区典型盐渍化耕地为例，通过非饱和带监测和水化学统计分析，探究了土壤剖面中氮素分布的差异性及主要影响因素.结果表明，研究区0～100 cm土层深度土壤氮含量处于较低水平，NO 3 ‐N、NH 4 ‐N和NO 2 ‐N含量平均值分别为4.88、1.63和0.04 mg/kg.土壤氮的空间分布与土层深度和理化性质有关，随深度增大，NO 3 ‐N含量呈逐渐增加的趋势，高值区主要分布于40～80 cm深度的土层，NH 4 ‐N含量多集中在60～100 cm深度的土层.土壤NO 3 ‐N含量主要与土壤p H、含水率和水溶性盐分含量(TDS、Cl - 、SO 4 2- 、Na + )有关，而NH 4 ‐N含量主要受含水率、黏粒和TOC含量的影响.NO 3 ‐N和NH 4 ‐N在土壤中的积累与水盐运移、土壤矿物的静电吸附和微生物的控制有关，这在很大程度上受土壤粒度组成、p H、有机质含量和竞争性阴、阳离子含量的影响.

Improving saline-alkali soil by cutting off the soil capillary zone and inhibiting the migration of soil water and salt is a new idea. An experimental site was established to conduct some physical remediamation experiments in the Western Hetao Irrigation Area (HIA), Northern China. The study aims to explore the improvement effect and mechanism of different physical remediation technologies based on gravel barriers, ditches, and shallow drainage wells. Three different treatments (gravel barrier (T1), gravel ditches combined with shallow drainage wells (T2), and shallow drainage wells (T3)) were employed along with a blank control (CK). Soil moisture, percentage of exchangeable sodium (ESP), available alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), particle size, and total organic carbon (TOC) were determined in the 0–80 cm soil profile. The changes of soil EC, soluble ion content, pH, and ESP monitored for different treatments over time showed salt and alkali reduction was achieved in order of effectiveness as follows: T1 > T2 > T3. At the end of the 3-month growth period, compared with CK, the average content of soli soluble salt at different depths in T1, T2, and T3 treatments decreased by 52.69%, 19.99%, and 18.08%, respectively. The average dry weight of harvested grass in the CK group was 12.8 g, while that of T1, T2, and T3 was 21.6 g, 20.2 g, and 18.3 g. The application of a gravel barrier or gravel ditches and drainage wells can significantly decrease soil salinity and alkalinity, but the drainage wells alone were limited. The gravel layer serves as a capillary barrier layer, which effectively inhibits the salt from rising to the soil surface. The gravel layer intercepts the crystals precipitated by evaporation and helps to prevent the soil salt expansion caused by crystal precipitation. In the soil layers loosened by the construction of the treatment plots, large soil aggregates are broken and release more clay particles that can adsorb macromolecular organic matter and form relatively stable organic-inorganic complexes. This process can contribute to the accumulation of TOC and improve the soil structure, which is conducive to the infiltration of soil salt with irrigation water. A comprehensive comparison of the cost-effectiveness and joint application of gravel ditches and drainage wells should be considered to improve the potential for the large-scale application of these approaches to improve saline-alkali soils.

该矿床是近几年来在南岭地区开展矿产地质远景调查时发现,经普查、详查工作,现为大型钨钼矿床.项目成因类型被列入湖南省找矿突破战略行动实施6年来的四大找矿新类型突破之一.矿床位于寒武系香楠组地层与印支期花岗岩接触带内带,受近东西向构造断裂控制,矿(化)体中含矿石英脉发育,当含矿石英脉达到一定密度时,则形成矿体.矿区矿床成因类型为高温岩浆热液充填—石英脉型(细脉带型)钨钼矿床,是湖南省首次发现大型的该类型矿床,该矿床的发现对周边寻找相同类型矿床具有重大的指导意义.

利用碎石屏障阻断非饱和带毛细上升为土壤盐渍化改良提供了新思路.为了研究碎石屏障对盐渍化土壤改良的可行性以及碎石层结构和埋深对改良效果的影响,在河套灌区西部杭锦后旗典型盐渍化分布区建立试验地,设置了7组不同碎石屏障处理工艺开展土壤盐渍化改良试验,对试验地40 cm深度的土壤盐分、pH、阳离子交换量、交换性钠百分率等参数进行了为期一年的监测和分析.结果表明,7组不同处理中,埋设深度为60～80 cm,利用颗粒直径为1 cm和3 cm的碎石按上细下粗的结构分两层铺设的处理方法改良效果最佳;从表层到40 cm深,土壤EC值平均下降55.9％.较大的碎石屏障埋深,上细下粗的铺设方式,可提高下层碎石孔隙度,并在非饱和带深处切断毛细管,从而有效降低土壤毛细上升高度,抑制深层土壤中的盐分上移"返盐",改良效果较好.

By means of comprehensive analysis, the Gaoaobei tungsten mines in Rucheng County was studied and the results showed that: 1) the ores occurred in veins. The major ore minerals were black-tungsten ores, followed by molybdenite, cassiterite, chalcopyrite, stannite, native bismuth, etc. 2)Distribution of the ore bodies were mainly affected by the formation, the structure and magmatism; 3) There were quite a lot of obvious direct ore-prospecting indicators in the region, mainly including abandoned mining workings, quartz vein, alteration, structural feature.

大岭背矿区钨矿为中国地调局"湖南桂东—汝城地区钨锡多金属矿远景调查"项目新发现的钨矿重要矿产地,位于白云仙矿田南部燕山早期花岗岩体内接触带,在4条云英岩化构造带(Ⅰ、 Ⅱ、 Ⅲ、 Ⅳ)中,圈出9个钨矿体;矿床类型为石英脉型钨矿床,矿床规模达大型.

Tin polymetallic deposit of Tieshaping mining area at Linwu County is located in the northeast Xianghualing ore field in Hunan. Based on the analysis of the data about strata,magmatic rocks,structure,alteration and mineraliza-tion,the mining area is considered as enrichment area of many useful components,such as tin,tungsten,lead,zinc and beryllium. There are many types of ore deposits and have a great ore prospecting potential in this mining area. The authors elaborate the geological characteristics,types,genesis of ore deposit and preliminarily analyse its prospecting prospect,in the meantime, the metallogenic geological regularity of ore deposit is studied which has important directive for looking for tin polymetallic deposit in depth and margin area of outer Xianghualing ore field.

近年来,我国利用热泵开发浅层地温能技术日渐成熟,浅层地温能开发与利用已成为清洁能源产业的一个亮点.呼和浩特市浅层地温能开发利用尚处于起步阶段,只在个别建筑项目中进行了应用.为推动浅层地温能的开发利用,实现《呼和浩特市浅层地温能调查评价》项目勘查成果的转化应用和有效服务,2012年3月内蒙古自治区地质勘查基金管理中心下达任务书([2011]水勘2-35),由内蒙古自治区地质调查院开展"呼和浩特市浅层地温能开发利用示范工程"项目,项目组主要成员有闫福贵、霍改兰、马少华、郑成杰、李佳阳.

通过回灌试验,基本查明了地下水回灌量与回灌压力(回灌水头)的相互关系,获取了相关的地层参数,预测了回灌量.根据呼和浩特市地层岩性、富水性情况及地下水位埋深等综合分析,呼和浩特市平原区第四系地下水含水组回灌能力较强区主要分布在山前平原区,地层岩性颗粒粗,水位埋深大,灌采比大部分在50％以上;大黑河平原区地层岩性颗粒细,水位埋深小于10m,回灌能力较弱,灌采比大部分在30％以下.总体上,呼和浩特市地层回灌能力有从东北向西南逐渐变弱的趋势.

干旱气候条件下的贺兰山地区岩溶含水岩组主要为下奥陶统天景山组灰岩,岩溶水主要受近东西向推覆构造的控制;本区岩溶水主要补给来源为大气降雨直接渗入补给,径流方向由东向西,最终向山前平原第四系沉积盆地排泄;贺兰山北部地区岩溶水相对于鄂尔多斯盆地周边岩溶水而言,是一个较完整的独立的岩溶水系统.但根据其内部构造控制及水动力场、水化学场、同位素场的不同,划分了2个岩溶水子系统;初步查明了该区岩溶水赋存特征,断层破碎带及影响带为岩溶发育的主要部位和富水地段.

水文地质条件是回灌能力分区的主要条件,包括含水层岩性、厚度、渗透性和地下水位埋深等.其中含水层岩性是影响回灌能力的最主要的因素,其次为地下水位埋深.通过对呼和浩特市沉积岩性、富水性情况及地下水位埋深等综合分析,呼和浩特市第四系含水组回灌能力较强区主要分布在山前平原区,地层岩性颗粒粗,水位埋深大,灌采比大部分在50％以上,大黑河平原区地层岩性颗粒细,水位埋深小于10m,回灌能力较弱,灌采比大部分在30％以下.总体上呼和浩特市地层回灌能力有从东北向西南逐渐变弱的趋势.

当今世界,发展“低碳经济”已经成为世界各国实现社会可持续发展和迈向生态文明的必由之路.“低碳竞争力”也成为提升国家和社会经济发展能力的核心要素.由于浅层地温能开发利用在我国处于起步阶段,其前景广阔,但资源勘查评价、热泵系统设计和施工、地质环境影响监测和市场监管便显得尤为重要.我国地质环境监测网络中目前还没有针对浅层地温能开发的监测点,专家指出,浅层地温能开发切忌盲目推进.

哈素海HR3地热井位于大青山山前断陷盆地内,根据其地质、构造及沉积环境特征,对该井的热储层、热储盖层、地下热源、热水补给来源进行了分析.利用热储层不同深度的井温观测,来确定地温梯度,并与本井的出水温度进行对比,从而得出了其热水成因类型是属于断陷盆地地热增温型热水的结论.

本文以乌海市千里山岩溶泉域为例,利用雨水中氢氧同位素组成,用线性回归法求得了本地区大气降雨直线方程,并与全球雨水线对比,分析了本地区降雨与气候相关的一些特点;根据泉水的δ D-δ18O关系与雨水进行对比,论述了泉水的补径排条件;利用雨水样品的取样高程与8 18O值的关系,求得了本地区18O的高度梯度,从而计算出了泉水的平均补给高程;利用泉水中放射性同位素氚含量(T)分析,估算了泉水的年龄.在用同位素方法的分析过程中,同时结合水动力条件进行了对比验证,证实了氢氧同位素方法分析岩溶水成因的适用性.

Shuihuli magnet Sn-Bi deposit is located at the joint part of Caledonian rise zone in south-eastern Hunan and Indochinan depression zone in central-south Hunan province.Through researches and analyses of ore-bearing strata,magmatic rock,structure,alteration and mineralization,it assumes that ore district is concentration of Fe-Sn-Bi.Study of the metallogenic geological law has profound significance in the deep edge of Dongpo ore field periphery looking for skarn-type magnet Fe-Sn-Bi ore.The paper discusses geological characteristics of Shuihuli magnet Sn-Bi deposit,preliminarily studies its causes.

The karst water-bearing layers are composed of Ordovician and Cambrian limestones in the peripheral area of Ordos Basin,and the development of karst is under the control of stratiform cracks and structural fractures,mainly distributed in the east,south and west margins of the basin.Based on the analysis of carbonate rock distribution and burial condition in peripheral area of Ordos Basin,we put forth three modes of karst development: the slope-bedding karst development,the rift valley-reversing karst development and the thrust belt karst development.In present paper we analyze and summarize the geological structure characteristics,hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions and the karst development characteristics in the three modes of karst development and discuss the karst groundwater resources development and utilization planning in the three modes.The results show that the karst groundwater has great development potential in the peripheral area of Ordos Basin.