Uniform and crack-free cupric oxide (CuO) films have been prepared by chemical bath deposition method simply using Cu(NO3)(2) and ammonia. Crystal structure and morphology of the deposited CuO films were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results illustrate that well defined nanostructured CuO thin film with unique morphologies can be deposited onto glass slide substrate at 40-80 degrees C for 1-5 h with pH value ranging from 8.5-10. Unique elliptic sheet-like morphology can be obtained at higher temperature (>= 70 degrees C), while interesting corncob-like nano-structured CuO film can be obtained at lower temperature (<= 60 degrees C). Ammonia is the key parameter to the film deposition. It has much effect on morphology of the obtained film in the range of 2.6-3.0 mL, as well as not on deposition duration.

Single-crystalline Zn1-xMgxO thin films with c-axis orientation have been deposited on Si（100） substrate by pulsed lser deposition. The effect of the thickness, Mg content, annealing temperature and oxygen atmosphere on the structure, morphology and photoluminescence of the Zn1-xMgxO thin films are studied by X-ray diffraction,atomic force microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectra. The results indicate that the hexagonal wurtzite type of Zn1-xMgxO can be stabilized up to Mg content xx≤0.35.The grain size of the samples increased by the post_annealing, and the structure of the Zn0.75Mg0.25O film changed from cubic to hexagonal wurtzite type when annealed at 600℃. An appropriate oxygen pressure can reduce both the number of defects and the c-axis stress. But superfluous oxygen is apt to combine with Mg and hinders the growth of hexagonal wurtzite type ZnO. Photoluminescence spectrum indicates that the defect_level peak is mainly related with the zinc vacancy, substitutional O on the zinc site （OZn） and interstitial oxygen vacancies （Oi）, and the ultraviolet emission peak has a blue shift due to annealing.

Fe3O4 submicrometer hollow spheres were prepared by a simple hydrothermal route,and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)spectra,fourier transform-infrared(FTIR)spectra,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).FTIR and XRD results reveal the state of matter and crystal structure of the as-prepared Fe3O4 particles.TEM and FESEM images show that the products have different shapes when the reaction condition is different.Magnetic hysteresis loop indicates that the as-prepared Fe3O4 hollow spheres exhibit a ferromagnetic behavior.

采用脉冲激光沉积方法在单晶Si（100）衬底上制备出 c 轴取向的Zn 1- x Mg x O单晶薄膜，通过荧光光谱仪研究了薄膜的光致发光特性.实验结果表明，Mg含量增加，Zn 1- x Mg x O单晶薄膜的紫外发光峰蓝移，发光峰强度减弱，缺陷发光强度增强.同时发现，由于Mg的掺杂，引入了一些束缚能较大的局域束缚态.对于氧气氛下制备的样品，实验发现紫外峰和绿光带发光峰同时增强，但是 R 值减小，紫外峰红移.对绿光发光机理研究发现，绿光发光带主要与锌空位、氧间隙（O i ）或锌位氧（O Zn ）等缺陷有关，它是由多个缺陷发光峰组成，各缺陷发光峰强度相对变化导致了绿光发光带的整体移动.

Single-crystalline Zn1-xMgxO thin films with c-axis orientation have been deposited on Si（100） substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The photoluminescence characteristics of the films are studied by fluorescence spectrometer. The results show that the ultraviolet emission peak has a blue shift and the intensity weakens with the increasing content of Mg. At the same time，the intensity of defect emission increases with increasing content of Mg. Some local bound states were introduced by Mg-doping. For the samples grown in oxygen atmosphere，the results show that both the ultraviolet emission peak and green emission peak are enhanced，but the value of R reduced and the ultraviolet emission peak has a red shift. The study of green-emitting mechanism indicated that the green emission band mainly depends on zinc vacancy，substitutional O on the zinc site （OZn） and interstitial oxygen vacancies （Oi）. Green emission band is composed of many defect-peaks，and its movement as a whole mobile is due to the change of relative intensities of individual defect-peaks.

Co-Zn nanocrystalline ferrite films with x=0.1~0.4 have been prepared by sol-gel process.X-ray diffraction results revealed that all samples had a single spinel structure,which showed low crystallization temperature.The average grain sizes of samples were about 12~36 nm.The lattice constants varied a bit with Zn2+ content.Magnetization measurements showed the saturation magnetizations were influenced strongly by Zn2+ content,which might be induced by the sites occupied by Zn2+ in spinel structure.The measurements at different temperature showed that the Curie temperature decreased with increasing Zn2+ contents.

The cobalt spinel ferrite CoxFe3-xO4 thin film has been prepared by a Sol-Gel method,using heat treatment process gets a wide range of samples and using X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The experiment results show that the cobalt content has great influence on the sample structure,with a spinel structure were formed at high Co2+ content(x≥0.7),while at the lower Co2+ content (x0.7),CoxFe3-xO4 phase and α-Fe2O3 phase were obtained at the same time.

Co_x Fe_(3-x)O_4 ferrite films(x=0.2-0.8)have been synthesized on SiO_2 substrates by the sol -gel spin-coating technique.The magnetic properties,mierostructure and surface image of samples have been measured and analyzed by vibrating sample magnetometer,X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscope.Meanwhile,the magnetic properties and microstructure of Co_(0.8)Fe_(2.2)O_4 ferrite fihn have been situ measured at high temperature.The results at room temperature reveals that the peaks of spinel phase becomes higher gradually with increasing amount of Co~(2+)ions,and then single spinel phase exhibits when x=0.8,so better magnetic properties of samples have been obtained,the coereivity reaches 1.56×10~5 A/m,and the grain of samples is refined.The in situ measurement at high temperature shows that the co- efficient of linear expansion of Co_(0.8)Fe_(2.2)O_4 film at 500℃is 1.3×10~(-5)K~(-1),the microstructures of co- balt ferrite films have good thermal stabilization.

Zn0.88Co0.12O films having room ferromagnetism were prepared on glass substrates using sol-gel method.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and ultraviolet-visible transmittance spectra(UV-vis) indicate that Co2+ instituting Zn2+ was doped into ZnO crystal lattice.Photoluminescence measurement shows that ultraviolet emission increases with increasing annealing temperature while visible light emission decreases.Magnetic properties of Zn0.88Co0.12O films were investigated by vibrating sample magnetometer.The results indicate that the observed room temperature ferromagnetism can be attributed to the substitutional incorporation of Co at Zn-sites rather than the formation of segregated secondary phases and its strength depends on the coupling degree of Co2+ in the ZnO lattice and carries caused by structural defects associated with annealing temperature.

High density arrays of Zn1-xCoxO (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, denoted by ZnCoO) nanorods were vertically grown on glass coated ZnO films via hydrothermal reaction at 70 degrees. The structures and morphology of the arrays were studied by x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy, which show that the nanorods of 150 nm diameter and 4.5 nm length grow along the [0001] direction. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy demonstrated that Co was successfully doped into the nanorods. Ammonia concentration and ZnO buffer were found to play a very important role in the nucleation and growth of the ZnCoO nanorods. PL spectra were composed of broad ultraviolet (UV) emission and visible light. Using Gaussian simulation, the UV band was separated into two peaks, both of which were characteristic of redshift with the increase in Co concentration. The effect of the Co dopant on the broad ultraviolet emission peak and the formation mechanism of ZnCoO arrays were also discussed.

CoxFe3-xO4(x = 0.2-0.8) ferrite films were synthesized on glass substrates by sol-gel technique.The magnetic properties and microstructure were measured and analyzed by vibrating sample magnetometer and X-ray diffraction.The results reveals that the peaks of spinel phase becomes higher gradually with increasing amount of Co2+ ions,and then single spinel phase is formed at x= 0.8.The saturation magnetization and the coercivity of samples with x 0.7 increase with increasing annealing temperature.The Co0.8Fe2.2O4 films annealed at 630℃ has the coercivity value of 156kA/m.The grain becomes refined with increasing amount of Co2+ ions.For Co2+ ions content x=0.8,preferable magnetic properties and small grain sizes are obtained.