Light regulation is critical in fungal growth, development, morphogenesis, secondary metabolism, and the biological clock. The fungus Elsinoë arachidis is known to produce the mycotoxin Elsinochrome (ESC), a key factor contributing to its pathogenicity, under light conditions. Although previous studies have predominantly focused on the light-induced production of ESC and its biosynthetic pathways, the detailed mechanisms underlying this process remain largely unexplored. This study explores the influence of light on ESC production and gene expression in E. arachidis. Under white light exposure for 28 days, the ESC yield was observed to reach 33.22 nmol/plug. Through transcriptome analysis, 5925 genes were identified as differentially expressed between dark and white light conditions, highlighting the significant impact of light on gene expression. Bioinformatics identified specific light-regulated genes, including eight photoreceptor genes, five global regulatory factors, and a cluster of 12 genes directly involved in the ESC biosynthesis, with expression trends confirmed by RT-qPCR. In conclusion, the study reveals the substantial alteration in gene expression associated with ESC biosynthesis under white light and identifies potential candidates for in-depth functional analysis. These findings advance understanding of ESC biosynthesis regulation and suggest new strategies for fungal pathogenicity control.

玉米瘤黑粉病是我国玉米产区的主要病害之一,明确抗、感瘤黑粉病玉米自交系苗期感染瘤黑粉菌后的组织细胞、可溶性糖及保护性酶差异,是深入解析瘤黑粉病发生规律的基础和前提.以感病玉米自交系掖478和抗病自交系齐319为材料,播种后25d对幼苗进行人工接种瘤黑粉菌FB1×FB2,利用激光共聚焦显微镜、体视显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察接菌0,2,4,8,12d的叶片组织细胞结构差异.结果表明:掖478接菌后,菌丝快速增殖,通过叶肉细胞逐渐向维管束鞘细胞侵染,致使维管束鞘细胞叶绿体肿胀,淀粉粒增多,花环结构被破坏,最终形成瘤状物;齐319接菌后,菌丝增殖受抑制,组织细胞结构完整清晰,线粒体数量显著增加.通过分析接菌后不同时间节点抗、感玉米自交系叶片的可溶性糖含量和保护性酶活性差异,发现掖478可溶性糖含量逐渐上升,接菌后12d含量最高,齐319可溶性糖含量先升高后降低;抗、感玉米自交系的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均呈先升高后降低趋势,过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均持续上升;且不同时间节点齐319保护性酶活性显著高于掖478.研究结果可为进一步揭示瘤黑粉病的侵染机制提供理论参考.

To understand quantitative effects of different factors on occurrence of Curvularia leaf spot of maiza,methods of detached leaves inoculation and field inoculation were used.It was suggested that the susceptibility of maize increased with the growing days of maize by the experimental results of detached leaves and field inoculation.The number of spots on maize leaves increased with the increasing of inoculum density and the relationship between the number of spots and inoculum density could be described by linear model.With the extension of leaf wetness duration,the number of spots also increased.The changing trend of the number of spots and leaf wetness duration could be described by logistic model.Length of incubation was significantly affected by temperature which would shorten with increasing of temperature.Various inoculum densities had significant influence on the epidemic of Curvularia leaf spot of maize.Under the low inoculum density,the epidemic curve of Curvularia leaf spot approximated to be a line and the epidemic speed was mild.When the inoculum density was high,the epidemic speed was more rapid and the epidemic curve was close to the S shape.