Therefore, health care workers must raise the awareness of "silent lung" during perioperative period, especially for patients with a history of bronchial asthma or recent history of upper respiratory tract infection. By the through preoperative assessment and preparation, the rational use of drugs in order to prevent and control airway hyperresponsiveness, selecting the appropriate airway management tools, and enhancing anesthesia management of perioperative period, all those measures are effective to prevent the occurrence of "silent lung". Meanwhile, health care workers should have the ability to quickly identify and diagnose "silent lung"occurred during perioperative period, give timely and effective treatment, so as to ensure the patients′safety as possible as they can.

“寂静肺”是支气管强烈痉挛或广泛黏液栓堵塞而出现哮鸣音、呼吸音明显减弱或消失的一种危重征象口].在围术期,当患者支气管处于高反应状态时,变应原或其他因素可诱发支气管大范围强烈痉挛,导致可逆性气道狭窄,出现与“寂静肺”相似的病理生理改变和临床表现,可称为围术期发生的“寂静肺”,具有起病急、进展快等特点,如果没有早期识别、诊断并给予及时、有效的处理,可引起严重的低氧血症,继而造成缺氧性脑损伤,心肺功能衰竭乃至心跳骤停.本文就围术期“寂静肺”的发生机制、诱发因素、临床表现和处理方法进行总结,旨在为麻醉科医师临床实践提供参考.