Radish is a nutritionally balanced vegetable and has a short growing period, so it is cultivated all over the world.[1] Radish, one of the crops with a lot of fertilizer requires a greater amount of nitrogen (N) than phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) during the growing season.[2] Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth, and it has a high chlorophyll content and productivity enhancement effect in the body, so proper fertilization is required for radish cultivation.[3] [4] In this study, growth health was evaluated by using radish growth investigation and photochemical reaction analysis by nitrogen fertilization level.Radish was cultivated from September to November 2021 at the farm affiliated with Hankyong University (Anseongsi, Gyeonggi-do).Nitrogen (urea) treatment was performed three times at 5 levels (0kg N ha-1, 117kg N ha-1, 234kg N ha-1, 468kg N ha-1, 968kg N ha-1) (basis, 1st fertilization, 2nd fertilization), and the control was based on 234kg N ha-1.Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis was measured after 30 minutes of dark treatment of leaves using Fluorpen FP-100 (PSI, Czech).The initial growth rate was delayed in the untreated group (0kg N ha-1), and the growth (leaf length, leaf width, live weight above ground and below, etc) was lower than that in the nitrogen-treated group (P<0.05).However, it was confirmed that the increase in the amount of radish growth due to the increase in nitrogen fertilization (468kg N ha-1, 968kg N ha-1) was not significant.On the basis of chlorophyll fluorescence analysis, it was confirmed that the photosynthetic system II electron transfer energy flux was reduced under nitrogen deficiency (0, 117kg N ha-1) compared to the control.In particular, the photosynthetic system II electron transfer energy flux (ET2o/CS) and photochemical performance index (PI/CS) decreased by 17-57% and 45-85% after the first fertilization, and 28-36% and 56-66% at harvest time.decreased.Therefore, it was predicted that the photosynthetic system II electron transfer efficiency and vitality based on the maximum fluorescence amount of radish would decrease in case of nitrogen deficiency, resulting in a decrease in ATP and NADPH production.In conclusion, it was considered that ET2o/CS and PI/CS could be used as evaluation indicators for radish growth and health in case of nitrogen deficiency.

제4차 산업혁명은 많은 산업 분야에서의 기술적 융합을 선도했다. 이로 인해, 다양한 산업과 기술이 탄생하고 사장되면서 자율주행이나 블록체인과 같은 미래 지향적 기술이 발전했다. 그러나 기업 간의 개발 경쟁이 치열해짐에 따라 기술의 권리화에 대한 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 이에 많은 기업들이 특허를 활용한 연구 개발을 시도하고 있다. 특허분석은 기술 기장에서의 자사 경쟁력뿐만 아니라 경쟁사의 기술 발전 동향까지 파악할 수 있다. 특히, 기술분류는 성공적인 특허분석을 위한 필수 요소 중 하나이다. 선행연구에서는 사전에 정의된 분류 체계를 활용하거나 특허의 인용정보와 텍스트로 기술을 분류했다. 본 연구의 목적은 계층적 군집분석을 활용하여 기술의 계층적 관계를 도출하고, 세부기술의 토픽을 추출하는 것이다. 실험은 제안된 방법의 실제 적용 가능성 검토를 위해 신재생 에너지 특허 28,298건으로 진행됐다. 실험 결과, 신재생 에너지 기술로부터 8개의 세부기술을 도출하는 것과 세부기술 간의 계층적 관계를 시각화하는 것이 가능했다.

This study examines whether individuals accumulate financial knowledge after experiencing a large wealth gain through inheritance. Analysis of a long panel of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study offers suggestive evidence that inheritance receipt is associated with a significant but small increase in financial knowledge. The correlation between inheritance receipt and financial knowledge is robust to controlling for both individual- and household-level covariates and weighting regression using the propensity score weights. My findings reveal a possible dynamic relationship between financial knowledge and financial outcomes wherein a large increase in wealth provides an incentive to learn about personal finance and think about wealth management.