In this research 505 valid questionnaires collected from 17 selected companies including nonprofit organizations, insurance companies, and manufacturing firms were used to gauge the normalized in-degree centrality of a friendship network. Social network analysis techniques were administered. The aim in this research was to present a model of how friendship networks and the personality characteristic of conscientiousness could intensify individual contextual performance of the employee. Theories and research investigations on different disciplines such as social and organizational science were integrated to develop the model. The results indicate that the interaction between conscientiousness and friendship networks explains a significant incremental amount of the variance in employee individual contextual performance.

This study is to design a leadership development program for a company's succession planning which will be important for its future competition. A semiconductor assembly and testing multinational corporation (MNC) in Taiwan was selected for interviews of its high level management to address the business strategy and challenge. Along with an investigation of the literature, this research works on the experiences and leadership competencies needed for those in leadership positions. The major consideration on designing leadership development program is to deal with many intangible factors, as well as dependent relationship among experiences and leadership competencies. Then ANP approach is applied to overcome both difficulties through pairwise comparisons by experts. A weight system of experiences and leadership competencies is then built for designing the leadership development program, as well as the decision basis of leadership selection. This model was approved by top management at the case company and being implemented to prove its validity.